Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań

Strong structural distortions in crystals exposed to high pressure provide a powerful tool for investigating the nature of cohesion forces and their impact on the macroscopic properties and thermodynamic behaviour of materials. Atomic-scale rearrangements releasing local strains can be regarded as the internal-reaction transformations reducing the external pressure stimuli, as described by Le Chatelier's principle. Monotonic transformations, phase transitions and chemical reactions tend to the augmented support, achieved by evenly distributing the strains among a possibly large number of bonds around. General structure-property relations can be systematically in-depth analysed for one compressed compound, as opposed to statistical analyses of data-mined populations of structures, where numerous random effects are involved. The increasingly frequent high-pressure investigations complement the library of monotonic and discontinuous structural adjustments countering the pressure stimuli. Particularly informative are phase transitions, spectacular property changes, the interplay of molecular size and shape with central and directional forces, counterintuitive transformations and those defying the rule of inverse effects of pressure and temperature. Alternative structures, molecular aggregations, interactions and properties can be in situ determined and applied for designing new functional materials. The interplay of external high-pressure stimuli and microscopic structural transformations, focused on intermolecular interactions, has been briefly discussed for a selection of molecular crystals, including ices, urea, benzene, halogenated benzene and imidazole, ferrocene and iodine. • High-pressure methods for investigating intermolecular forces in crystals. • Structure and macroscopic properties of compressed crystals. • Hierarchy of interactions and their changes under pressure and temperature. • Central and directional forces internally and externally squeezed and stretched. • Le Chatelier principle and its structural consequences.

Fungal spores, a common component of biological air pollution, may negatively affect human health by triggering allergic symptoms. To assess the risk of exposure to allergens, abundant and highly allergenic Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. spore concentrations are routinely measured, but almost exclusively on rooftops. In contrast, research on concentrations at ground-level, where people spend most of their time outdoors, is scarce. Although there is evidence that the main source of fungal spores is agricultural areas during harvest, it remains unclear how the proximity of crops influences ground-level spore concentrations. To address this, portable volumetric traps and meteorological stations were used to conduct three ground-level measurement campaigns (before, during, and after harvesting) throughout the main sporulation season in 2023. Nine sampling points in Poznań (Poland) represented the main land use types: agricultural, urban, and forest. The maximum concentrations were 1369 spores/m3 (Alternaria, 47% higher than the rooftop maximum) and 88820 spores/m3 (Cladosporium, 458% higher), both recorded in agricultural areas. On average, concentrations of Cladosporium spores increased during harvest, whereas Alternaria concentrations substantially increased after harvest. The highest concentrations of Alternaria and Cladosporium spores were associated with air influxes from arable land (rho=0.20 and 0.35, respectively) and grasslands (only Cladosporium, rho=0.24). Overall, we successfully established an extensive, mobile, ground-level spore measurement network, which revealed differences in fungal spore concentrations across land-use types, harvest activities, and in comparison with regional-level measurements. This study represents an important step toward assessing airborne fungal spore concentrations relevant to human exposure.

With the development of digital discourses related to animal death, such as support groups and commemorative portals, mourning for nonhuman companions becomes a more and more commonly observed sociolinguistic phenomenon. The present article is a case study of the French-language commemorative website called Amonami. The analysis, rooted in French linguistic discourse theory, is focused on the issue of pathemisation. It aims to describe how discursive factors influence expressing emotional states after losing beloved animals and to characterise linguistic means used by animal owners in this context. The study presents the scenography of the portal as a framework for enunciations, called homages (French: hommage), published on the website. The analysis also indicates the presence of various linguistic means of pathemic expression in the studied enunciations, such as metaphors, axiologically marked vocabulary, affectonymes and agentive expressions.

Dynamic Point Symbols in Earthquake Mapping: Visualization Research in Space and Time examines how animated symbols enhance digital map comprehension, particularly for earthquake data visualization. It provides much-needed empirical evidence for the understandability, usability, and utility of congruently using dynamic visualization to depict a particular dynamic environmental process. Through rigorous mixed-methods research combining online surveys and eye-tracking experiments, this book compares static symbols against various motion types across different cartographic tasks and provides evidence-based guidelines for implementing motion in maps, balancing innovation with usability. It serves as a practical resource with recommendations for cartographers and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) professionals.  Key Features: Combines large-scale data collection with detailed, lab-based visual behavior analysis, offering breadth and depth, and illustrates how people interact with animated map symbols in both natural and controlled conditions. Evaluates multiple motion forms like pulsation, vibration, and pictorial motion across tasks, helping readers understand what type of motion to use and when. Includes real-world applications in crisis mapping, emergency response, and public communication. Offers quantitative comparisons that allow practitioners to optimize both clarity and speed in their map designs. Provides recommendations on how to transform complex findings into ready-to-use guidance for cartographers, GIS specialists, and UX designers working with digital geovisualization. This book is an excellent resource for GIS professionals, researchers, academics, and cartographers interested in web mapping, emergency response mapping, real-time data visualization, and graduate students taking advanced GIS and cartography courses, and those aiming to enhance their existing skillset in geovisualization mapping.

This article presents two empirical studies investigating the extent to which general English proficiency (GEP) and selected learner dispositions in online learning maintain their predictive utility for academic success in English-medium instruction (EMI) contexts in Türkiye across the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. Both studies sampled engineering students from a large public university, with Study 1 involving 474 participants and Study 2 including 460. Study 1 examined the predictive roles of GEP, online learning readiness, beliefs, and satisfaction during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Findings showed that GEP was a significant predictor of academic success before the pandemic, but this predictive relationship was statistically disrupted during the pandemic period. Study 2 extended the analysis to the post-pandemic context, where EMI courses were delivered both face-to-face and online. Results revealed a reinstatement of GEP’s predictive power in face-to-face EMI settings, while readiness, beliefs, and satisfaction with online learning were stronger predictors in online courses. This fluctuation illustrates a ‘passing cloud effect’, in which the predictive weight of language proficiency temporarily wanes under extraordinary contextual conditions but resurfaces when structured environments return. Based on the findings, several pedagogical implications are provided, and some relevant suggestions are made, underscoring the fluctuating nature of academic success in EMI.