Advanced Technology Group (Czechia)

We expand the scope of cache memory to include LEO constellations, which are highly distributed systems with thousands of satellites connected with free-space optics inter-satellite links (ISL) with numerous nodes only one hop from any point on earth. We show how to increase the number of cache hits and improve the speed of inference for the important use case of LLMs. These benefits apply not only to LLMs, both terrestrially hosted and on satellites, but also generalize to any cache distributed over multiple locations that needs to be accessed in a timely manner. We show the benefit of our key value cache (KVC) protocol in simulations and present a proof-of-concept implementation of the protocol for KVCs on a testbed comprising 5 Intel NUC Linux mini PCs hosting a 95 node, 19x5 constellation, with an NVIDIA Jetson Nano 8GB GPU hosting the LLM.

Full-span overhead variable message signs (VMSs) are primarily utilized to broadcast real-time traffic information to drivers on highways and expressways. However, information overload makes it difficult for drivers to quickly obtain effective information. In this study, dynamic driving simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the number of road nodes that can be shown effectively on a full-span VMS from the aspect of driver visual cognition characteristics. Based on the previous static cognitive experiment results of our team, a dynamic simulation experiment was performed to record the indicators of legibility distance, legibility time, comprehension accuracy, and subjective scoring. The optimal road node threshold should not be more than four, which is further determined by comparing the results of the matter-element model and the TOPSIS evaluation model. This finding could be used to improve the design standards and usage specifications for VMSs and the effectiveness of their practical application on highways.

Many chronic, age-related disorders could be mitigated by enhancing the activity of enzymes that regulate biochemical signaling pathways, but all known modes of enzyme activation rely on allosteric binding sites, which have only been identified in less than 10% of proteins. Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacylases playing critical roles in lifespan and age-related diseases. The physiological importance of sirtuins and the reduction in their catalytic activity with the age-related decline in NAD+ levels have stimulated intense interest in designing sirtuin-activating compounds; however, except for substrate-specific allosteric SIRT1 activators, methodologies for rational design of sirtuin-activating compounds are lacking. Here, we introduce methods for the activation of such enzymes that do not rely on allosteric binding sites, and we demonstrate their successful application to the discovery of first-in-class activators of sirtuin enzymes. We establish how all-atom simulations of an enzyme’s active site under the potential of a small molecule modulator can be used to identify molecular properties that achieve desired changes in local enzyme conformational degrees of freedom conducive to the enhancement of catalytic activity. We apply computational high-throughput screening based on this biophysical model for activation of sirtuin enzymes to the major mitochondrial sirtuin SIRT3, which plays a critical role in age-related disorders but does not have a known allosteric site; we thereby identify first-in-class, nonallosteric activators of this enzyme. These compounds are the first reported steady-state activators of the major mitochondrial sirtuin enzyme, and they operate according to a mode of action not shared by any existing drug. Two such compounds can almost double the catalytic efficiency of SIRT3 with respect to NAD+, thus compensating for the loss in SIRT3 activity that occurs due to the age-related decline in NAD+, and they may be developed for therapeutic applications to combat multiple types of age-related disorders. These discoveries establish a foundation for the development of a new class of drugs that function through the activation of enzymes by modulation of local conformational ensembles. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Hemispherical resonator gyroscope is a type of solid-state gyroscope, in which the fused silica hemispherical resonator with a high-quality factor (Q factor) is the key for the fabrication of high-performance devices. However, the metal film coated on the silica as the electrode for trigging the resonance often leads to the largely deteriorated Q factor. In this work, high-quality graphene films with controllable number of layers are uniformly coated on silica utilizing C2H4 as precursor in chemical vapor deposition. Replacing the metal film as the electrode, the hemispherical resonator coated with graphene demonstrates a Q factor of 3.38 × 106, with a high retention of 77.17%. At an optimized preparation temperature of 1130 °C, the graphene film shows a good adhesion with the silica hemisphere, providing an excellent candidate as the electrode for high-performance hemispherical resonators.

1 - IntroductionLe Quaternaire des Pays de Savoie est caractérisé par un impact majeur de l’action des glaciers et des évènements « tardiglaciaires ». Cette journée se déroule dans l’avant pays savoyard et plus généralement dans la province du Bugey. Un premier arrêt à l’église de Saint Alban de Montbel (arrêt A, fig. 1) permet un vaste panorama sur le lac d’Aiguebelette et le chaînon jurassien de la Montagne de l’Epine. Le second arrêt (B, sur la figure 1) permet une vue sur la tourbière de...

Analyzing digital Whole Slide Images at multiple magnifications simulates the workflow of a pathologist and gives much-needed context from global tissue structures. Transformer models are especially adept at capturing long-range dependencies and naturally lend themselves well to multi-magnification tissue analysis. In this paper, we present TransEM-Net, an efficient transformer-based architecture that collates information from two encoders operating on concentric images with varying fields of view. We evaluate TransEM-Net on lung and prostate cancer tissue datasets to demonstrate that the model outperforms the baseline as well as contemporary architectures. At the same time, TransEM-Net also provides a better balance between performance and model efficiency.

Abstract Family offices are growth-promoting organizations that support multigenerational business families to preserve and grow their wealth. Women inclusion in leadership positions of family firms is increasing, but females are still under-represented, especially in the family office activities. The purpose of the chapter is to explore trust building in the context of Finnish single-family offices (SFOs). Trust building means both trust development and trust repair. We focus on how seven experienced Finnish female business owners who are actively involved in their SFOs, went through the process of trust building in the SFO activities. Our findings indicate that social interaction connected with stewardship attitudes and behavior (i.e., being altruistic, collectivistic and pro-organizational) helps to build emotional and cognitive trust in the SFO activities. We also realize that the development of trust skills requires the need for specific family values, circumstances, and processes (doing, learning, experiencing and influencing). A conceptual model describing the trust building process in SFO activities is suggested for forthcoming studies. To conclude, practical recommendations and insights are offered for business families and their SFO executives.

Currently, in regenerative medicine, cell processing is performed manually, which is labor intensive and expensive. Recently, automatic cell culture apparatuses equipped with a vertical articulated robot have been proposed to improve the efficiency of cell-processing tasks. However, most of them automate all the cell-processing tasks, which complicate the system. This study aimed to develop a simple and rational cell-processing system by combining the tasks performed by a robot and human. In a previous study, we proposed a method to improve the efficiency of the media changing process and implemented prototypes that improve the efficiency of discarding and injecting tasks. Herein, we developed and evaluated a simpler discarding robot than the previous model. The proposed discarding robot fulfilled its basic functions. Using the robot, the operator does not need to worry about the liquid-dripping effect during the discarding task. Moreover, the device is equipped with human error countermeasures. Further, as this device is sufficiently small to be used in a safety cabinet, it can be integrated into current culture methods.

We propose a wearable thermoelectric cooler and heatsink based of silicone elastomer, phase-change material, and graphite powder, which can achieve a cooling temperature of ∼5 K at 0.5 W input power for more than 5 h under ambient conditions.

Objective: To develop an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) through a broad-based consensus process on best practices for chiropractic management of patients with chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain.Design: CPG based on evidence-based recommendations of a panel of experts in chronic MSK pain management.Methods: Using systematic reviews identified in an initial literature search, a steering committee of experts in research and management of patients with chronic MSK pain drafted a set of recommendations. Additional supportive literature was identified to supplement gaps in the evidence base. A multidisciplinary panel of experienced practitioners and educators rated the recommendations through a formal Delphi consensus process using the RAND Corporation/University of California, Los Angeles, methodology.Results: The Delphi process was conducted January–February 2020. The 62-member Delphi panel reached consensus on chiropractic management of five common chronic MSK pain conditions: low-back pain (LBP), neck pain, tension headache, osteoarthritis (knee and hip), and fibromyalgia. Recommendations were made for nonpharmacological treatments, including acupuncture, spinal manipulation/mobilization, and other manual therapy; modalities such as low-level laser and interferential current; exercise, including yoga; mind–body interventions, including mindfulness meditation and cognitive behavior therapy; and lifestyle modifications such as diet and tobacco cessation. Recommendations covered many aspects of the clinical encounter, from informed consent through diagnosis, assessment, treatment planning and implementation, and concurrent management and referral. Appropriate referral and comanagement were emphasized.Conclusions: These evidence-based recommendations for a variety of conservative treatment approaches to the management of common chronic MSK pain conditions may advance consistency of care, foster collaboration between provider groups, and thereby improve patient outcomes.