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This study systematically investigates the synergistic effects of Al/Ti microalloying and subsequent aging treatment on the microstructure and properties of the Cr₉Fe₄₆Ni₁₅Mn₃₀ high-entropy alloy. The results demonstrate that Al and Ti additions induce pronounced grain refinement, reducing the average grain size from 5.2 μm to 1.52 μm, promote the formation of nanoscale Al/Ti-rich precipitates together with ~0.7 % body-centered cubic (BCC) phase, and decrease the recrystallization fraction to 92.1 %. Subsequent aging at 600 °C further improves microstructural homogeneity, increases the recrystallization fraction to 99.2 %, and reduces the kernel average misorientation (KAM) to 0.07°. Mechanical testing reveals that microalloying enhances the tensile strength to 708 MPa and significantly lowers the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity index (δH) to 2.6 %. After aging, a pronounced hydrogen-induced plasticity effect is observed, with δH decreasing to −16.8 % and the elongation after hydrogen charging increasing to 29.2 %. In addition, the aged Al/Ti-microalloyed alloy exhibits superior corrosion resistance, characterized by the most positive corrosion potential (−0.279 V), the lowest corrosion current density (6.39 × 10⁻⁷ A·cm⁻²), and the largest capacitive arc radius in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. These improvements are attributed to the formation of a stable Cr₂O₃ passive film and a reduced defect density.

Abstract Background: IGV-001 is a novel immunotherapy that combines irradiated patient-derived glioblastoma tumor cells and an antisense oligonucleotide against insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IMV-001) in biodiffusion chambers (BDC). We recently reported that IGV-001-treated newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients with methylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase promoter had a median progression free survival of 38.4 months compared with 8.3 months in historical standard-of-care-treated patients (P=0.0008). We have now found activity with the equivalent murine approach in multiple cancer models, highlighting the transformative potential of this immunotherapeutic platform beyond glioblastoma. Methodology: We utilized several murine models including the ID8-luciferase (-Luc) intraperitoneal ovarian cancer and Hepa1-6-Luc hepatocellular carcinoma orthotopic model. BDC containing saline or 1x106 IMV-001-treated tumor cells (hereon IOV-001 and IHV-001, respectively) were implanted in flanks of C57BL/6 mice and explanted 48 h later, as per glioblastoma clinical protocol. Tumor challenge for all models was conducted 28d after chamber implantation. Mice were monitored for survival and tumor growth, as determined by bioluminescence intensity. Cytokine assays and immunophenotyping were conducted. Results: 60% of IOV-001-treated mice were alive 58d post-tumor challenge, compared to only 19% of mice in the saline group (MST=37d, p=0.004). In the Hepa1-6 model, 50% of IHV-001-treated mice were alive by 100d post-tumor challenge (MST = 60.5d). In comparison, there were no survivors in the saline group beyond 28d (MST = 18d; p = 0.004). Most of the long-term survivors had undetectable tumor; a fraction showed some level of tumor burden which rose and fell, demonstrating immune control. Circulating IFNγ was significantly higher in IOV-001-treated mice compared to controls on 1d post-tumor challenge (p<0.001) and trended higher in those receiving IHV-001 14d after tumor challenge. Positive correlations were found between percentages of CD8+PD1+and CD4+TIM3+, and tumor burden in IOV-001-treated mice. On 14d, PD1+ expression in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets was significantly lower in surviving mice treated with IHV-001. Improved survival using this approach was also observed in the Pan02 orthotopic pancreatic model. Latest data will be presented. Conclusions: These data support the antitumor activity of this novel immunotherapeutic platform in multiple cancers beyond glioblastoma. Results suggest that efficacy is associated with a systemic immunological response, resulting in generation of Th1 antitumor cytotoxic T cells. Future studies are seeking to resolve the factors triggering good v. poor responses using phenotypic evaluation of T cell activation/exhaustion markers and Th1/Th2 cytokine production. Citation Format: Jenny Zilberberg, Amelia Zellander, Christopher Uhl, Christopher Cultrara, Kenneth kirby, Essam Elazaq, Charles B. Scott, David W. Andrews, Mark Exley. Personalized immunotherapeutic platform with evidence of clinical activity in glioblastoma (IGV-001) protects mice against other lethal solid tumor challenges [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 626.

Work on lights and lighting circuits continues to be a serious hazard that is injuring and killing workers. Workers all too often choose to work on or near energized circuits without taking the necessary steps to create an electrically safe work condition or properly protect themselves from the hazards. Supervisors and managers often consider lighting work to be very easy or basic and, thus, fail to provide the proper instruction and guidance to their electrical workers. This paper sheds light on the issues with work practice solutions as well as design and installation solutions. The review will include the several code changes in recent years intended to design out the hazards. Guidance is provided to help recognize earlier installations or non-compliant installations and how to correct them with a particular discussion on energized neutral issues. The authors also provide a review of (#) fatalities and injuries while performing work on lighting to reinforce the seriousness of the issue.

Introduction: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use continues to be a significant public health challenge in the United States, particularly among young males in rural areas, where use remains disproportionately high. In support of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's first nationwide SLT public education campaign, formative research was conducted to inform campaign strategy development and test creative concepts.Methods: Qualitative research methods were used to inform the strategic direction of the campaign, identify salient message themes, and refine creative concepts. Focus groups were conducted with 252 rural male youth ages 12–17 in seven states. Groups were organized by SLT status (i.e., at-risk for initiating vs. experimenting with SLT) and age group.Results: SLT use is culturally ingrained in rural communities, and rural youth are commonly exposed to SLT through close relationships. Among this group, “dipping” (SLT use) has strong cultural significance and is perceived as safe. Members of the target audience are receptive to straightforward facts delivered by authentic messengers about the potentially harmful consequences of SLT use, specifically those that leverage the progression of short-term consequences (e.g., white patches) to long-term health effects.Conclusions: This study addresses SLT literature gaps related to youth knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs by summarizing audience learnings from formative research that was used to develop the first national SLT public education campaign.

The aim of this study was to determine the safety and therapeutic potential of L-carnitine and valproic acid (VPA) in infants with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Our investigation was an open-label phase 2 multicenter trial of L-carnitine and VPA in infants with SMA type I with retrospective comparison to an untreated, matched cohort. Primary outcomes were: safety and adverse events; secondary outcomes were survival, time to death/>16 hours/day of ventilator support; motor outcomes; and maximum ulnar compound motor action potential amplitude. A total of 245 AEs were observed in 35 of the 37 treated subjects (95%). Respiratory events accounted for 49% of all adverse events, resulting in 14 deaths. Survival was not significantly different between treated and untreated cohorts. This trial provides evidence that, in infants with SMA type I, L-carnitine/VPA is ineffective at altering survival. The substantial proportion of infants reaching end-points within 6 months of enrollment underscores the urgent need for pre-symptomatic treatment in SMA type I. Muscle Nerve 57: 193-199, 2018.

Multicast routing systems have the objective of simultaneously transferring data to multiple destination nodes while using a single “push” operation. This leads to cost savings associated with reduced bandwidth utilization, which results from a decrease in data duplication across network links. An important problem on multicast networks, known as the delay constrained multicast routing problem (DCMRP), asks for the determination of an optimal route for packet transfers between members of a multicast group. Several heuristics have been proposed in the last few years to solve the DCMRP, which is of great interest for telecommunication engineers. In this paper we propose a novel, hybrid metaheuristic approach for the DCMRP, where a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure is used along with variable neighborhood search algorithm to find near optimal solutions. Computational experiments show that the proposed technique provides superior solution quality, while it is also efficient in terms of the use of computational resources.

There is currently no publication by an accepted standards entity that effectively communicates “electrical safety by design” concepts. The National Fire Protection Association's, (NFPA 70 & NFPA 70E, American National Standards Institute's (ANSI C2), and similar standards by Nationally and Internationally recognized standards developing entities, place minimum requirements on electrical system designers and manufacturers that yield functional, practical and reasonably safe electrical installations. There is a need to capture in one location the wealth of electrical system design techniques that have been published in recent IEEE papers and in other industry sources. There is a need to educate the electrical engineer, design professional and the project manager about the available options to improve electrical safety while designs are still on paper. A new IEEE Working Group to develop an “IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical System Design Techniques to Improve Electrical Safety” is being assembled. It will be working to bridge the gap between practical code requirements and zero injuries. The Officers of this Working Group will detail the need for this new IEEE document, the challenges that the Working Group faces, and appeal for additional assistance in this rewarding effort.

The three principal causes for beveled edges on laser-cut parts can be individually detected and measured from a single-cut part, thereby allowing the system to be conveniently tuned to produce square edges.The three principal causes for beveled edges on laser-cut parts can be individually detected and measured from a single-cut part, thereby allowing the system to be conveniently tuned to produce square edges.

Australian Dental JournalVolume 11, Issue 5 p. 301-304 The Marfan syndrome B. N. Fitzpatrick, Corresponding Author B. N. Fitzpatrick Senior Lecturer in Oral Surgery, University of Adelaide, S.A.1Department of Dental Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia.Search for more papers by this authorP. J. Chapman, Corresponding Author P. J. Chapman R.A.A.F. Dentist, Edinburgh Airfield, S.A.1Department of Dental Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia.Search for more papers by this author B. N. Fitzpatrick, Corresponding Author B. N. Fitzpatrick Senior Lecturer in Oral Surgery, University of Adelaide, S.A.1Department of Dental Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia.Search for more papers by this authorP. J. Chapman, Corresponding Author P. J. Chapman R.A.A.F. Dentist, Edinburgh Airfield, S.A.1Department of Dental Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia.Search for more papers by this author First published: October 1966 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.1966.tb05953.xCitations: 2Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume11, Issue5October 1966Pages 301-304 RelatedInformation