Ankang University

This study presents a pH-responsive hydrogel based on dynamic hydrazone bonds was developed using chitosan, gelatin, and pectin for oral sustained drug delivery. The hydrogel formed rapidly under mild conditions (<5 s for B3 and B5) and showed high water content (∼90%). It degraded slowly in PBS and trypsin but was selectively degradable in pectinase-containing media, adapting to intestinal environments. With BBH as a model drug, all hydrogels achieved >99% encapsulation efficiency (B3: 99.77%; B4: 99.13%). Drug release was well-controlled in gastric fluid (<50% in 2 h for B3) and sustained in colonic fluid (57.93% over 60 h), following Fickian diffusion (Peppas–Sahlin model, R2 > 0.98, k1 ≫ k2). The hydrogels also exhibited strong antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging >60%, up to 75% for B2) and low hemolysis ratios, indicating excellent biocompatibility. Overall, the hydrogel demonstrates rapid gelation, high drug loading, pH-responsive sustained release, and biosafety, making it a strong candidate for colon-targeted oral delivery.

Abstract The rapid urbanization and rising living standards in rural China have led to a significant increase in rural solid waste (RSW) generation, posing substantial challenges to environmental sustainability and residents' quality of life. This study addresses a critical gap in integrated RSW management frameworks by synthesizing technological, economic, and governance dimensions. Through a systematic review methodology, this article examines the current state of RSW management in China, focusing on the types of waste generated, their inherent material and energy values, and existing management practices across diverse geographical contexts. The analysis reveals significant regional heterogeneity in waste composition and management capabilities, necessitating context‐specific solutions. The comparative assessment of resource recovery methods—including anaerobic digestion, composting, thermal conversion, and material transformation—demonstrates that despite the existence of technical solutions, their implementation faces significant barriers, including economic viability, technical expertise, and policy coordination. The research proposes a novel integrated framework that aligns RSW management with China's ecological civilization goals through four interconnected pathways: intelligent information‐based management, circular economy implementation, multi‐stakeholder governance, and technological innovation. The findings of this review offer valuable insights and practical guidance for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners working toward sustainable rural development and effective solid waste management in China and other developing regions that face similar sustainability challenges.

This article analyzes the factors influencing travel behavior during the epidemic and explore the impact of safety perception on travel choices. The study first summarizes the theoretical basis of factors affecting travel mode choice and introduces the corresponding questionnaire design. One thousand two hundred twenty-eight valid questionnaire data were collected in December 2020, including 1,044 online and 184 interview questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, correspondence analysis, and multivariate logistic regression are then used to systematically analyze the influencing factors on travel behavior before and after the epidemic. Additionally, a random parameter binary logit model with mean heterogeneity is applied to explore factors related to travel safety perceptions during the epidemic. The results reveal significant differences in influencing factors between self-driving/taxi and other modes of transportation, such as electric vehicles/bicycles, subways, and buses. Marital status (married, 1.131) and household size (household size: 3, 1.782), education (senior high, −1.650) contribute significantly to the composition of the random parameter binary logit model. Based on the findings, it is recommended that theoretically, future research could further explore the relationship between demographic characteristics and safety perception in travel choices; practically, policymakers should tailor transportation policies for different demographic groups, particularly focusing on safety perceptions.