Appalachian State University

Franciscan subduction accretionary complex rocks of the San Francisco Bay area, California, USA, constitute the basement rocks of several Cenozoic fault-bounded blocks of which the Tiburon Block is one. Strike-slip faulting has moved the blocks, including the Tiburon Block, by several to hundreds of kilometers, juxtaposing rocks from different parts of the accretionary complex. In addition, within the Tiburon Block syn- and post-accretion faulting—including out-of-sequence faulting and cross-strike faulting—and post-accretion folding deform the primary accretionary complex structure. Inter-fault sub-blocks of the Tiburon Block have different tectonostratigraphic characteristics and hence, different histories. The tectonostratigraphies, structures, and correlations of the sub-blocks together clarify the nature and deformational history of the Tiburon Block, allowing a generalized reconstruction of the primary accretionary architecture for this part of the Franciscan Complex. Recognition of cross-strike faulting and other post-accretion deformation is essential for reconstructing the geologic history of this and other parts of the Franciscan Complex and for reconstructing the structure and histories of other accretionary complexes worldwide in which post-accretion deformation affects accretionary complex architecture.

In its second edition, this book provides a comprehensive Indigenous perspective on Latin American political, social, and economic changes from pre-colonization to the present. Set within a postcolonial framework and enhanced by interdisciplinary insights from anthropology, economics, sociology, and religion, the book delivers a unique understanding of Indigenous histories, resistance movements, transculturation, labor, and political organizations. Its innovative organization into 50-year historical periods facilitates semester-long classroom discussion, while images, maps, textboxes, and linked documents in every chapter support active learning. A new final chapter brings the work up to the present. This approach enables readers to contextualize major historical events and cultural changes within manageable timeframes, providing fresh perspectives that broaden traditional Latin American historical narratives. This textbook is designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying Latin American history, Indigenous studies, postcolonial studies, and related fields. It provides an ideal introduction for students.

This study examines whether frontline public sector workers with higher public service motivation (PSM) are less likely to resign during challenging periods than their lower-PSM counterparts. We link data from two separate surveys fielded in 2019 to resignation records of sworn officers from a state-level law enforcement agency over the subsequent three years. Multilevel Probit regression analyses indicate a significant negative association between PSM and resignation and a positive association between burnout and resignation. Specifically, a one–standard-deviation increase in PSM score is associated with a 2.8-percentage-point lower probability of resignation, whereas a one–standard-deviation increase in burnout score corresponds to a 3.5-percentage-point higher probability of resignation. We also find evidence suggesting PSM diminishes the adverse effects of elevated burnout on resignation. These findings suggest that PSM can help sustain law enforcement officers in their roles during challenging periods by dampening burnout-related resignation pressures. We conclude with implications for PSM theory and for managing officer well-being and retention.

Tropical Andean glaciers provide an important flux of freshwater to communities living both in high-altitude Cordillera and population centres downstream in countries such as Peru and Bolivia. Glacier recession threatens the sustainability of these water resources, and accurate modelling of future glacier behaviour is required to manage water stress in the region. These models must capture all processes contributing significantly to overall glacier mass budgets. Here we examine supraglacial pond and ice cliff development on three clean-ice glaciers in the Cordillera Vilcanota, Peru and their overall contribution to glacier mass balance. Whilst such features are common and well-studied on debris-covered glaciers, their development on debris-free glaciers has not been examined in detail. We use high-resolution contemporary and historical satellite imagery and repeat drone surveys to examine surface structure and geometry change over three glaciers during 1977–2024. We show how cliff and pond formation is driven by aspect-dependent surface melt of crevasse walls. These features act as ice loss hotspots, which enhance glacier net mass loss by ∼10% despite accounting for

Abstract Over 90% of U.S. homes are wood-based, making the residential construction sector both a major consumer of wood products and an important carbon sink. Understanding its long-term dynamics is critical for economic planning and carbon mitigation. Current U.S. models typically apply an exponential decay function to estimate carbon stored in wood products. However, recent research suggests this may not accurately reflect the time dynamics of wood products in housing, which remain in use for extended periods before disposal. This study compares the projections of U.S. single-family, multifamily, and manufactured housing inventories and associated carbon stocks from 2022 to 2070 using the conventional exponential decay model and an alternative chi- squared decay model, combined with three half-live assumptions (short, base, and long). Results reveal substantial differences in projected outcomes: under exponential decay, U.S. housing inventory declines, depending on half-life assumption, by 3 to 19% relative to 2022 levels, while chi-squared decay shows reductions of 3 to 52%. In contrast, total carbon stocks in housing inventory increase in the exponential model with all three half-life assumptions (14% to 16% relative to 2022 levels) and the chi-squared decay model with base and long half-life assumptions (10 to 18%). However, they decrease slightly (1%) for the chi-squared decay model with the short half-life assumption. These findings highlight the housing sector’s role in carbon storage and calls for a need to empirically validate decay functions and half-life parameters using updated time series data to improve long-term projections of housing inventories and associated carbon stocks.

This study examines how rural Latinx students from California’s San Joaquin Valley make sense of and navigate access to four-year universities within a geographically and institutionally constrained college-going landscape. While prior research on Latinx college access has largely centered on urban contexts, this article highlights how race and rural place shape the availability and quality of information about four-year universities as experienced and interpreted by rural Latinx students. Guided by the nepantla stage of the college-conocimiento framework and using Chicana/Latina feminist pláticas as methodology, narratives from rural Latinx undergraduates who reflected on their high school advising and recruitment experiences were analyzed. Findings show that students perceived that counselors used labor expectations to position agricultural and low-wage work as presumed futures for students, even as they pursued four-year enrollment amid uneven institutional support. Students also reflected that four-year pathways were also less accessible through routinized counseling practices that standardized two-year enrollment and framed four-year options as less feasible. Students further described limited outreach from four-year institutions, which widened information gaps and placed the burden of navigating college on students and families. Implications emphasize the need for more equitable counseling practices and accessible outreach strategies that expand four-year information and support in rural regions.

This nationwide study examined how 25 Black undergraduate and graduate students defined and constructed the meaning of safety and joy on their campuses. Through our newly developed Critical Socioecological Framework for Racialized School Safety (CSFRSS), we address students’ experiences of cultivating joy within a liberatory framework, given that these students have historically been underserved and invalidated in academic spaces deemed unsafe. Using the study’ s data, we found that 1) feeling authentic–particularly within Black racial identity–was rooted in how students determined feeling safe, and 2) even in their unsafe academic spaces, students could cultivate joy due to their Black communities.

For centuries, licorice has been used for its medicinal and sweetening properties. Today, it is widely used globally in the herbal medicine, food, tobacco, and cosmetic industries. However, excessive consumption of licorice's bioactive metabolite, glycyrrhizic acid, has led to numerous reports of life-threatening complications. We present the case of a 51-year-old ultramarathon trail runner who initially experienced menopausal symptoms, and then extreme fatigue, edema, weight gain, paresis, systolic hypertension, and lose stool from chronic consumption of herbal teas and a supplement containing licorice. After 10 months, she was diagnosed with licorice-induced pseudohyperaldosteronism, a condition that suppresses the renin-angiotensin system. Approximately 2 months after cessation of all licorice products, she made a full recovery. This case highlights the importance of taking a thorough patient history, including knowledge of foods, fluids, supplements, herbal remedies, and cosmetics used. Increased public awareness of the potentially life-threatening hazards of licorice consumption is necessary.

Older adults without digital access, who are attempting to manage their lives within a digital landscape often struggle to maintain their independence. Living on the periphery of their communities, older people without digital access often feel alone.Technology is transforming the world around them, but they are excluded from participating. The lack of digital connection to family and friends and limited availability of essential online products and services can adversely impact their well-being. The purpose of the research was to explore the implementation of the iPad Project, an evidence-based, inter/intragenerational digital equity program for older adults, by studying the interaction of elements, determinants, strategies, mechanisms, and outcomes through the synthesis of an Implementation Research Logic Model(IRLM). This qualitative case study included the completion of semi-structured interviews with 30 study participants and collaborators, a document review, and the creation of an IRLM. Interview questions were derived from relevant constructs in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change strategies to explore the perspectives of project participants and collaborators. Study participant's responses were thematically analyzed. An in-depth analysis of existing literature, reflexive memos, and iPad Project notes, worksheets, and reports was completed to provide context and supporting information. Qualitative themes, implementation research theory, and document analysis informed the creation of an IRLM of the iPad Project, which displayed how the project was implemented. The IRLM presented the key core and adaptable elements of the iPad Project that contributed to the project's outcomes. Environmental determinants were found to impact these elements by challenging or facilitating project progress. Strategic approaches used to address these changing effects were identified and reflected how the project was managed. The interplay between hypothesized mechanisms and contextual determinants was examined and revealed the underlying influences that shaped the outcomes. The implementation outcomes were highlighted and illustrated the effect of this evidence-based intervention. By identifying the project elements, the environmental determinants, and the strategies that were used to facilitate mechanisms of change and overcome barriers with the IRLM, this study provides guidance for future digital equity research and program implementation.