Arthur M. Sackler Gallery

There is limited research on how academic libraries acquire Indigenous audiovisual media productions (IAMPs) from Latin American regions, and the representation of these materials is scarce in current vendor offerings. The purpose of this study is to understand how IAMPs are distributed from Latin American regions to universities in the United States. This study reports on interviews with thirteen individuals who work for production and distribution companies. The findings illustrate a distribution network that is difficult to navigate, characterized by complex licensing and underdeveloped relationships. The conclusion of this paper highlights the need for academic libraries to develop reciprocal collaborative partnerships with Indigenous creators and educational distributors to increase the representation of IAMPs in library collections and educational distributor product offerings

The Anti-Racist Collections Workbook was developed by a team of librarians at the University of Colorado Boulder as an alternative to traditional diversity audits, which often fail to address systemic issues. Recognizing the deep-rooted ideologies of Whiteness in academic libraries, the workbook uses scholar Diane Gusa’s White Institutional Presence framework to critically examine collection practices. It focuses on six areas: cataloging and classification, selecting materials, purchasing materials, approval profiles, weeding, and community engagement. Each section provides questions to challenge existing practices and promote anti-racist collection policies. By interrogating and adjusting traditional practices, the workbook aims to inspire library practitioners to create inclusive, representative collections that better serve all communities, moving beyond superficial representation to address structural inequities in library systems

This study investigates the influence of social media on children from a parental perspective, using Social Cognitive Theory as the guiding framework. Data were collected from 156 parents in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, through a structured questionnaire designed to measure perceived changes in children’s personal, behavioral, and environmental domains due to social media use. The findings revealed significant associations between increased social media exposure particularly among adolescents aged 14-19-and changes in attention span, emotional well-being, behavior modeling, and peer influence. Urban children were more affected than their rural and semi-urban counterparts, indicating contextual variability in digital experiences. The study also found that parental beliefs, modeling behaviors, and household digital practices play a key role in shaping children’s online engagement. While the results underscore the growing impact of digital environments on child development, they also highlight the importance of parental involvement and the need for responsible media practices. Limitations include the use of self-reported data, a geographically limited sample, and the exclusion of children’s perspectives. The study concludes with a call for longitudinal and mixed-method research to explore the evolving nature of social media’s impact on children and to inform interventions that promote healthy digital habits.

Animal models of depression show that acute stress negatively impacts functioning in neural regions sensitive to reward and punishment, often manifesting as anhedonic behaviors. However, few human studies have probed stress-induced neural activation changes in relation to anhedonia, which is critical for clarifying risk for affective disorders. Participants (N = 85, 12–14 years-old, 53 female), oversampled for risk of depression, were administered clinical assessments and completed an fMRI guessing task during a baseline (no-stress) period to probe neural response to receipt of rewards and losses. After the initial task run of the fMRI guessing task, participants received an acute stressor and then, were re-administered the guessing task. Including baseline, participants provided up to 10 self-report assessments of life stress and symptoms over a 2 year period. Linear mixed-effects models estimated whether change in neural activation (post- vs. pre-acute stressor) moderated the longitudinal associations between life stress and symptoms. Primary analyses indicated that adolescents with stress-related reductions in right ventral striatum response to rewards exhibited stronger longitudinal associations between life stress and anhedonia severity (β = −0.06, 95%CI[−0.11, −0.02], p = 0.008, pFDR = 0.048). Secondary analyses showed that longitudinal positive associations between life stress and depression severity were moderated by stress-related increases in dorsal striatum response to rewards (left caudate β = 0.11, 95%CI[0.07,0.17], p < 0.001, pFDR = 0.002; right caudate β = 0.07, 95%CI[0.02,0.12], p = 0.002, pFDR = 0.003; left putamen β = 0.09, 95%CI[0.04, 0.14], p < 0.001, pFDR = 0.002; right putamen β = 0.08, 95%CI[0.03, 0.12], p < 0.001, pFDR = 0.002). Additionally, longitudinal positive associations among life stress and anxiety severity were moderated by stress-related reductions in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (β = −0.07, 95%CI[−0.12,.02], p = 0.008, pFDR = 0.012) and right anterior insula (β = −0.07, 95%CI[−0.12,−0.02], p = 0.002, pFDR = 0.006) response to loss. All results held when adjusting for comorbid symptoms. Results show convergence with animal models, highlighting mechanisms that may facilitate stress-induced anhedonia as well as a separable pathway for the emergence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.

Cave site at Rayadurg, Andhra Pradesh. The previously Jaina sacred area was taken over and adapted by Hindu followers (photo by Julia A.B. Hegewald) 3 Plate 1.2 Contemporary linocut print by Nepali artist Batsa Gopal Vaidya, depicting a modern interpretation of the Hindu god Gaṇeśa (1991, 28 x 28cm, private collection) (photo by Julia A.B. Hegewald) 6 Plate 1.3 Mudabidri, coastal Karnataka. Reflecting a strong dependency on the climate of strong monsoon rains, the temples have multiple slanting and projecting roofs (photo by Julia A.B. Hegewald) 13 Plate 1.4 Quwwatu'l Islām Mosque, Delhi. The site and building materials, first employed by Hindus and Jainas, were re-used by Muslims in the late twelfth century (photo by Julia A.B. Hegewald) 21 Plate 1.5 Odalavadi Village, Tamil Nadu. Laying out kolam designs in front of private houses for protection is reserved for women only (photo by Julia A.B. Hegewald) 28 Plate 1.6 Bhaktapur, Kathmandu Valley. Only men are permitted to turn a potter's wheel in Nepal (photo by Julia A.B. Hegewald) 29 Plate 2.1 Map of the network of the old Silk Roads. Adapted by Birgit A. Schmidt (Copyright Sheraz Khan, SMB, Humboldt Forum) 35 Plate 2.2 Kurla close to Shorchuk at the beginning of the twentieth century (B 1813) (Copyright SMB, Museum für Asiatische Kunst) 37 Plate 2.3 Market scene in Kucha (today Kuqa) in 2014 (photo by Birgit A. Schmidt) 38 Plate 2.4 Folded slope of limestone rock formations close to Kizil in 2014 (photo by Birgit A. Schmidt) 41 Plate 2.5 Stairway to the small statue temple (B 759) (Copyright SMB, Museum für Asiatische Kunst) 45 Plate 2.6 Rich deposits of reed canary grass below Tumšuq Tagh (B 1243) (Copyright SMB, Museum für Asiatische Kunst) 46 Plate 2.7

BackgroundNecrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is a life-threatening infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. Treatment consists of surgery and antibiotics. Many studies have addressed NSTI and its subtypes, but few have reviewed the clinical, radiological, and pathological differences between the polymicrobial and monomicrobial diseases. The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of patients with polymicrobial (NSTI I) and monomicrobial (NSTI II) infections and their association with outcome.MethodsThe cohort consisted of patients hospitalized with NSTI at a tertiary medical center in 2002–2019. The medical charts were reviewed for clinical, radiological, and pathological features. Findings were compared between patients in whom blood/tissue bacterial cultures yielded one or more than one pathological isolate. The primary clinical outcome measure of the study was all-cause mortality at 90 days. Secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, score on the LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis), and need for vasopressor treatment.ResultsA total of 81 patients met the inclusion criteria: 54 (66.6%) with monomicrobial NSTI and 27 (33.3%) with polymicrobial NSTI. There were no significant between-group differences in in-hospital and 90-day mortality. On multivariate analysis, the monomicrobial disease group had a significantly higher 90-day mortality rate in addition to higher rates of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, and vasopressor use than the polymicrobial disease group.ConclusionOur study is the first to compare the clinical, radiological, and pathological differences between the two most common types of NSTI. The results demonstrate better prognosis for polymicrobial NSTI, with minimal ICU stay, lower mortality, and lower use of vasopressors.Level of evidencePrognostic and epidemiological, level III.

BackgroundThe molecular basis of heterotaxy and congenital heart malformations associated with disruption of left–right asymmetry is broad and heterogenous, with over 25 genes implicated in its pathogenesis thus far.ObjectiveWe sought to elucidate the molecular basis of laterality disorders and associated congenital heart defects in a cohort of 30 unrelated probands of Arab–Muslim descent, using next-generation sequencing techniques.MethodsDetailed clinical phenotyping followed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) was pursued for each of the probands and their parents (when available). Sanger sequencing was used for segregation analysis of disease-causing mutations in the families.ResultsUsing WES, we reached a molecular diagnosis for 17 of the 30 probands (56.7%). Genes known to be associated with heterotaxy and/or primary ciliary dyskinesia, in which homozygous pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were detected, included CFAP53 (CCDC11), CFAP298 (C21orf59), CFAP300, LRRC6, GDF1, DNAAF1, DNAH5, CCDC39, CCDC40, PKD1L1 and TTC25. Additionally, we detected a homozygous disease causing mutation in DAND5, as a novel recessive monogenic cause for heterotaxy in humans. Three additional probands were found to harbour variants of uncertain significance. These included variants in DNAH6, HYDIN, CELSR1 and CFAP46.ConclusionsOur findings contribute to the current knowledge regarding monogenic causes of heterotaxy and its associated congenital heart defects and underscore the role of next-generation sequencing techniques in the diagnostic workup of such patients, and especially among consanguineous families.