Asociación de Investigación de la Industria Textil

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) spectroscopy and microscopy are constantly expanding sensing techniques for analyzing biomolecular interactions. In addition to the biological recognition molecules and biological or chemical analytes, the most important components for designing FRET biosensing systems are the materials that constitute the FRET donor-acceptor pair. These FRET materials consist of small molecules, biological or chemical nanoscaffolds, or nanomaterials that function in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared spectral range. They can absorb light, fluoresce or phosphoresce with lifetimes ranging from picoseconds to milliseconds, and can be applied for sensing in situ, in vitro, and in vivo. Organic dyes and quenchers, fluorescent or light harvesting proteins, or quantum dots are only some examples from the ever growing FRET material toolbox. A particular example are gold nanoparticles, whose strong localized surface plasmon resonance makes them frequently used as nanosurface energy transfer (NSET) acceptors. After a short recapitulation of FRET and NSET theory, we review a wide variety of FRET and NSET materials, provide representative examples of FRET/NSET systems and applications for each material, and critically discuss the benefits and drawbacks of their properties.

This dataset, collected during November 2022 at Textil Santanderina, a leading textile manufacturer based in Cabezón de la Sal (Cantabria, Spain), comprises high-resolution images of Batavia and Sarga fabrics. The images were captured as part of a project to document and analyze the intricate weaves and patterns of these fabrics. Using a high-resolution camera under controlled lighting conditions, detailed images were obtained to ensure consistent quality and accurate representation of the fabric's texture and colour. The dataset is provided in processed format, where images have been downscaled from 16 bits to 8 bits, cropped, and classified into cases and controls. The primary reuse potential of this dataset lies in its application for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models aimed at defect detection in textile manufacturing. By leveraging these high-quality processed images, researchers and developers can train models to identify and classify various types of fabric defects, such as weave inconsistencies, colour variations, and surface irregularities. This can significantly enhance the efficiency and accuracy of quality control processes in textile production. Additionally, the dataset serves as a valuable resource for academic research in textile engineering and material science. It can be used to study the properties and behaviours of Batavia and Sarga weaves under different conditions, contributing to advancements in fabric design and manufacturing techniques. The detailed visual information provided by the processed images also supports the development of new methodologies for automated textile inspection and quality assurance. By making this dataset available, Textil Santanderina and University of Burgos aim to support innovation and improvement in textile quality control through AI-driven solutions, fostering collaboration and development within the industry.

Os corantes são insumos categoricamente explorados pela indústria nas mais diversas áreas, porém, o uso de corantes sintéticos vem causando danos à saúde e meio ambiente; com isso, torna-se essencial a exploração de possíveis alternativas que sejam atóxicas aos seus usuários e ao meio, nesse contexto, o proveito das substâncias químicas naturais ganha espaço entre as pesquisas. Nesse cenário, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura de caráter qualitativo (analisando o que já foi trabalhado dentro do tema) e quantitativo (com a utilização dos artigos selecionados, foram observados os dados relacionados às universidades envolvidas, anos de publicação e revistas que mais publicam artigos nesse sentido), analisando os aspectos químicos relacionados ao tema. A grande maioria dos trabalhos encontrados se relacionavam com a aplicação dos corantes de origem natural nas indústrias: alimentícia, têxtil e em células solares sensibilizadas por corante (CSSC). O Brasil foi o país com maior número de aplicações, o maior pico de publicações foi no ano de 2013, tendo um decaimento e voltando a subir durante o ano de 2018. A Universidade de São Paulo possui o maior número de publicações e as revistas com mais publicações foram: Química Nova, AUTEX Research Journal e Journal of Natural Fibers.

Developing sustainable cost-effective strategies for valorization of field-spent granular activated carbon (s-GAC) from industrial water treatment has gained much interest. Here, we report a cost-effective strategy for the regeneration of s-GAC as an adsorbent in a large-scale drinking water treatment plant and used as an efficient and durable ozonation catalyst in water. To achieve this, a series of samples is prepared by subjecting s-GAC to thermally controlled combustion treatments with and without pyrolysis. The catalytic performance of the optimized sample is evaluated for oxalic acid degradation as the model pollutant under batch (>15 h) and continuous flow operations (>200 h). The partially deactivated catalyst upon reuse is restored by thermal treatment. Electron paramagnetic resonance and selective quenching experiments show the formation of singlet oxygen (1O2) during catalytic ozonation. The GAC-ozonation catalyst is efficient to minimize the formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products like trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in an urban wastewater effluent.

In this work, green composites have been developed and characterized using a bio-based polymeric matrix such as BioPBSA and the introduction of 30 wt.% short hemp fibers as a natural reinforcement to obtain materials with maximum environmental efficiency. In order to increase the interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the fiber to obtain better properties in the composites, a reactive extrusion process has been carried out. On the one hand, different additives derived from bio-based itaconic acid have been added to the BioPBSA/HEMP composite, such as dibutyl itaconate (DBI) and a copolymer of PBSA grafted with itaconic acid (PBSA-g-IA). On the other hand, a different copolymer of PBSA grafted with maleic anhydride (PBSA-g-MA) was also tested. The resulting composites have been processed by injection-molding to obtain different samples which were evaluated in terms of mechanical, thermal, chemical, dynamic-mechanical, morphological and wettability and color properties. In relation to the mechanical properties, the incorporation of hemp fibers resulted in an increase in the stiffness of the base polymer. The tensile modulus of pure BioPBSA increased from 281 MPa to 3482 MPa with 30% fiber. The addition of DBI shows a remarkable improvement in the ductility of the composites, while copolymers with IA and MA, generate mechanically balanced composites. In terms of thermal properties, the incorporation of hemp fiber and compatibilizing agents led to a reduction in thermal stability. However, from the point of view of thermomechanical properties, a clear increase in rigidity is achieved throughout the temperature range studied. As far as the color of the samples is concerned, the incorporation of hemp generates a typical color, while the incorporation of the compatibilizing agents does not modify this color excessively. Finally, the introduction of lignocellulosic fibers greatly affects water absorption and contact angle, although the use of additives helped to mitigate this effect.

Composites are materials formed by the combination of two or more components that acquire better properties than the ones obtained by each component on its own. Composites have been widely used in the industry due to its light weight and good mechanical properties. To improve these properties several layers of reinforced material (e.g., carbon fibre) are overlapped which produce an increase in the fibre consumption. In this sense Tailored Fibre Placement (TFP) embroidery can offer good opportunity to reduce the consumption of reinforced fibre while improving the mechanical properties due to the alignment of the fibres in the effort direction. This study analyzes the performance of carbon fibre reinforced composites with Polyester resin made with TFP embroidery technology against flexural strength efforts and without using plain woven fabrics to demonstrate that the use of reinforcement fabrics in composites can be optimized by a curved alignment of the fibers. Two different structures were embroidered with TFP technology, one simulating a woven fabric with straight unidirectional alignment of fibres in horizontal and vertical direction, and a second structure made with curvilinear alignment of carbon fibers. After the study of the flexural mechanical properties an improvement of 18% was obtained in maximum flexural strength.

Introducción: En los tiempos actuales los tintes naturales cobran importancia por su inocuidad, durabilidad y conservación ambiental. Otorgan identidad regional a todo proyecto de índole artesanal donde se empleen vegetales para teñir. El presente trabajo estudia el potencial tintóreo sobre fibra lana merino de las plantas autóctonas de la estepa patagónica. M&M: El área de recolección del material vegetal tintóreo se circunscribió a la zona sureste del Chubut, Argentina, correspondiendo al Distrito Florístico del Golfo San Jorge. Se aplicó la receta madre para la obtención del tinte y se desarrollaron tres tipos de procedimientos, pre-mordentado, mordentado directo y post-mordentado, dependiendo del momento de aplicación del alumbre. Se emplearon modificadores de color bicarbonato de sodio y sulfato de hierro. Mediante el uso de la tabla universal del sistema Munsell (Color, 2009) se estudió el tono, la luminosidad y saturación. Resultados: Se estudiaron 50 especies nativas de la Región Patagónica. En su totalidad se obtuvo la siguiente proporción: marrones 37%, amarillo 35 %, olivas 14%, grises 10% rosados 2 % y verdes 2%. Se destacan 9 especies de mayor saturación cromática. Los colores con mayor saturación se obtienen durante el proceso pre-mordentado. Las familias mejor representadas son Fabaceae y Asteraceae. Conclusiones: Del análisis de la literatura de plantas empleadas para tintes naturales en Argentina, surge que numerosas especies estudiadas en la presente investigación no registran antecedentes y resultan ser prometedoras brindando colores intensos de saturaciones elevadas. Podemos considerarlas verdaderos hallazgos y sugerirlas con alto potencial tintóreo para la fibra de lana merino.

En este trabajo se abordan las experiencias de las trabajadoras textiles de principios del siglo XX, haciendo especial énfasis en las obreras de Gratry, ya que estas trabajadoras fueron protagonistas del ascenso huelguístico de 1910. En el estudio de su trabajo y organización, tratamos de identificar los mecanismos de explotación específicos de la mujer trabajadora, visibilizando las condiciones de trabajo y las diferencias de género de su experiencia situada en la fábrica textil del sur de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, en el barrio obrero de Pompeya. Guía esta investigación la idea en torno al patriarcado y el capitalismo como un solo sistema que explota a hombres y mujeres de manera específica, es decir en tanto tales, y la búsqueda de sus mecanismos subyacentes. Nuestra hipótesis es que la especificidad de la explotación de las mujeres de la industria textil de Buenos Aires está determinada por el carácter de su fuerza de trabajo, que es totalmente distinto al masculino, porque las mujeres cumplen una jornada laboral diferente, que incluye el trabajo doméstico y de ahí su especificidad y la mayor cantidad de plusvalía extraída. Este trabajo es el resultado original del examen de un cuerpo variado de fuentes obreras y oficiales. Nuestra metodología es el materialismo dialéctico y hemos hecho un examen cuali-cuantitativo de las fuentes, en particular del Boletín del Departamento Nacional del Trabajo.