Beijing Open University

In this article, early childhood intervention (ECI) and inclusion in the universal Swedish welfare system is in focus. The framework emphasizes a child and family centered approach that focuses on supporting all children’s development and learning in a preschool for all children, child health services welcoming families and children, child habilitation centers for children with disabilities and their families in the ecosystem for ECI. An important principle is proportionate universalism, that is, that every child and family should have equal opportunities regardless of income level, and that they are provided with support in relation to needs. In this article, a special focus is on the universal preschool for all children, which is an important part of ECI. Even though Sweden is regarded as one of the best countries to raise children in the world, a main concern is whether the Swedish welfare system and ECI retain the capacity and capability to provide the support that is required to meet the needs of all children and to live up to consistent and broad criteria for inclusion from a societal to an individual perspective. The conclusion is that Sweden has a robust system for ECI in many ways, but there is a need for integration and coordination of the services in the ecosystem, and a strong growth of research to provide evidence-based knowledge about inclusive practices across the organizations involved.

Teaching is a complex job, and the interaction between teachers and students also has complex characteristics. This study explored the latent characteristics and evolution patterns of teaching interaction in cMOOC, a Chinese online learning community course designed based on Connectionism. Based on the eigen microstate method from complex system phase transition theory, we found that the top four eigen microstates (EMs) are highly correlated with the student types artificially judged by teachers. The study also identified significant fluctuations in the evolution of teaching interactions during the transition from the course warm-up period to the start of Theme 1, which later stabilized, indicating a critical tipping point in the evolution.

This study analyzed the clinical features of central nervous system involvement (CNS3) in pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and evaluated the CNCL-ALCL-2017 treatment protocol efficacy. The clinical data of 215 pediatric ALCL patients aged ≤18years, including 16 with CNS3, treated following the CNCL-ALCL-2017 protocol, were enrolled. Independent risk factors of CNS3 were determined using multi-factor logistic regression analysis, and survival curves were constructed. Brain parenchyma/spinal cord involvement, cranial nerve deficits, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) positivity were found in 11/16, 5/16, and 7/16 CNS3 patients, respectively, the latter including six positive on flow cytometry, one NPM1-ALK positive on PCR. Immunohistochemistry showed ALK and CD3 positivity in 15/16 and 13/16 patients, respectively. Peripheral blood ALK+ and bone marrow ALK+ were found in 10/16 and 9/16 patients, respectively. All CNS3 patients were treated with Regimen C. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis identified ear, nose, and throat involvement and CD3 expression as independent risk factors of CNS involvement. The median follow-up period was 35.4 months (range: 0.5-74.9 months). The 3-year overall and event-free survivals for the CNS3 group were 93.3%±6.4% and 86.2%±9.1%, respectively, with no differences from the whole cohort.

Information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed the education sector in now a day. Specifically, it enhanced teaching and learning processes, improved access to education, and facilitated communication and collaboration among students, teachers, and institutions. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend the mechanics of using ICT by students in their studies. In light of this, we tested a model and combined it with the TTF and UTAUT2 theories. Data is collected from 601 students at Chinese universities using convenience sampling. The proposed structural model was evaluated using PLS-SEM technique. The findings reveal that task-technology fit, performance expectancy, technology self-efficacy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, price value, and habit positively influence students’ intention to use ICT. This model accounts for 82% of the variation in the purposeful use of ICT in educational settings. The findings of this study will broaden knowledge and enhance understanding of the dynamics and behaviors of intention to use ICT from the perspective of Chinese university students. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the barriers and facilitators affecting ICT use in education, offering practical implications for policymakers and educational institutions aiming to leverage technology for improved educational practices.

The paper introduces the experience of Professor LI Rui in treatment of diseases with bloodletting therapy. Regarding acupoint selection, the main acupoints are selected from the meridians containing excessive blood based on the identification of pathogenesis, and the back-shu points of the foot-taiyang bladder meridian are predominant. The acupoints (e.g. Geshu [BL17], Xuehai [SP10] and Weizhong [BL40]) acting on blood regulations are frequently selected, and the acupoints from the governor vessel (e.g. Dazhui [GV14], Zhiyang [GV9] and Yaoyangguan [GV3]) are specially used for regulating yang qi. Besides, the five-shu points and local points are combined in the prescriptions. This paper expounds the connotation of bloodletting therapy, explores the basis of acupoint selection and clinical application characteristics, and analyzes the clinical cases, so as to provide the approaches to acupoint selection for the clinical application of bloodletting therapy.

To explore the efficacy differences among different acupuncture frequencies for pain of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A total of 42 patients with TMD pain were randomly divided into a low-frequency group, a medium-frequency group, and a high-frequency group, with 14 patients in each group. All groups received acupuncture treatment at bilateral Hegu (LI4) and Yanglingquan (GB34), as well as ipsilateral Tinggong (SI19), Jiache (ST6), and Xiaguan (ST7), with each session lasting 30 minutes. The low-frequency group received acupuncture once per week, the medium-frequency group received acupuncture twice per week, and the high-frequency group received acupuncture three times per week, for a total duration of four weeks. The graded chronic pain scale (GCPS) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, jaw functional limitation scale-20 (JFLS-20) score, and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were assessed in the three groups before and after treatment, as well as at the four-week follow-up after treatment completion. Compared before treatment, GCPS and JFLS-20 scores were significantly decreased in all the groups after treatment (P<0.05), and VAS scores were significantly decreased in the high-frequency and medium-frequency groups (P<0.05), PPT values at different measurement sites were increased significantly in the high-frequency group (P<0.05). After treatment, GCPS, JFLS-20, and VAS scores in the high-frequency group were lower than those in the medium-frequency and low-frequency groups (P<0.05), while some PPT values were higher than the other two groups (P<0.05). At follow-up, GCPS, JFLS-20, and VAS scores remained significantly lower in all the groups compared to baseline (P<0.05), PPT values were increased significantly in the high-frequency and medium-frequency groups (P<0.05), with the high-frequency group showing lower GCPS, JFLS-20, and VAS scores and higher PPT values compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Acupuncture three times per week is more effective in reducing TMD pain intensity compared to once or twice per week, and can also alleviate some mandibular functional impairments. The therapeutic effects persist for at least four weeks after treatment completion.

With the evolution of the Internet age, e-commerce giants have established small loan entities to accommodate the booming B2C business model. While these online small loan providers retain the traditional attributes of their counterparts, they are adept at addressing the financing needs of micro-enterprises and individuals. Furthermore, these digital lenders have a broader reach in terms of geography and demographic distribution and possess enhanced capabilities to assess borrowers' creditworthiness. Such strengths make them well-suited for asset securitization, an emerging financing approach. This paper will analyze China International Capital Corporation -Ant Financial special asset management program which is one of the important asset securitizations of Internet small loan in China. The analysis will focus on the basic features and innovations of the structure of the securities. In addition, various economic indicators of Ant Financial will be considered to analyze the effectiveness and risks of Ant asset securitization. This study provides both theoretical and practical insights into Ant Financial Services asset securitization. Moreover, the research has analyzed the reasons behind the suspension of Ant Group's IPO, its subsequent rectifications, as well as the future trends of internet finance in China, providing beneficial reference for other companies.

Fotografi menawarkan keleluasaan dan kebebasan yang mampu melahirkan berbagai bentuk visual untuk menyajikan ekspresi, termasuk dalam gerakan seni tari. Media fotografi memungkinkan segala bentuk visual yang monumental, ekspresif, dan unik diabadikan dalam sekejap mata. Kehadiran fotografi dalam perkembangan seni tari tidak sekedar berfungsi sebagai penyimpan data (dokumentasi), tetapi juga berperan sebagai media komunikasi dan sarana informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi peran fotografi dalam seni tari, mengidentifikasi bagaimana fotografi dapat meningkatkan komunikasi dan informasi terkait seni tari, serta memahami kontribusi fotografi pada dokumentasi dan ekspresi artistik dalam seni tari. Metode yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur dan analisis visual. Studi literatur mengumpulkan informasi teoritis tentang peran fotografi dalam seni tari, sementara analisis visual mengkaji karya-karya fotografi yang berfokus pada gerakan seni tari untuk memahami bagaimana elemen-elemen visual menyampaikan ekspresi dan informasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fotografi tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai alat dokumentasi tetapi juga sebagai medium komunikasi yang efektif. Fotografi mampu menangkap dan menyampaikan gerakan, ekspresi, dan keunikan tari dengan cara yang dapat diakses oleh audiens yang lebih luas, berkontribusi pada pelestarian seni tari, dan memperkaya pemahaman serta apresiasi masyarakat terhadap seni tari.

Since the implementation of the rural revitalization strategyof China, the rural land contracting rights have been fully confirmed. However, after strict property rights confirmation, in the process of deepening rural revitalization, there will still be significant changes in the order of rural land property rights, and new interest game and problems will arise. This game has spontaneity based on fair judgment, arbitrariness in approach, and reflects the inherent entanglement between the ownership and contracting rights of rural land after it is confirmed. We should apply the principles of balancing efficiency and fairness, especially the principle of fairness within the village, the dual property rights principle of balancing rural land ownership and contracting rights, and the principle of balancing the rule of law, autonomy, and village conditions, to reasonably regulate and guide major changes in property rights after the confirmation of rural land rights.