Brazilian Academy of Sciences

Abstract We estimate novel narrative monetary policy shocks for Brazil, derived from the Central Bank’s reaction function and accounting for both constant and time-varying systematic monetary policy. We then examine the effects of these shocks on Brazilian macroeconomic variables using structural vector autoregressions with external instruments. Our results indicate a reduction in the magnitude and volatility of monetary surprises after 2004, reflecting increased predictability in the Brazilian monetary authority’s actions. The impulse response estimates provide some evidence that unexpected interest rate hikes are associated with reductions in output and in the monetary aggregate M1, as well as with increases in the unemployment rate. By contrast, monetary policy shocks appear to leave exchange rates and stock prices unaffected. A transient price puzzle arises within six months of the shock, but models including core inflation generally produce a negative and more lasting effect of monetary tightening on inflation. These results highlight the complexities of monetary policy transmission in emerging markets.

The fixed "hygienic" lingual retainer (FHLiR)'s design is consistently observed as a contributing factor to plaque accumulation, possible minor undesired tooth movement, resulting in buccal bone loss, and gingival recession (GR). This case study aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of a combined periodontal treatment and periodontal plastic surgical approach for the treatment of GR in patients using FHLiR. This case study involves three systemically healthy, non-smoking patients with localized GRs (RT1 and/or RT2) in the mandibular central incisors associated with FHLiR. The proposed treatment included replacement of the FHLiR with a straight retainer, periodontal therapy, and surgical root coverage procedures. Subepithelial connective tissue grafts (sCTG), tunnel techniques, microsurgical approaches, and adjunctive biomaterials were employed according to case-specific needs. All surgeries were performed by a single experienced periodontist, with follow-up up to 12 months. Clinical outcomes consistently improved gingival thickness, root coverage, and periodontal tissue stability. Patients expressed satisfaction or high satisfaction, even in cases requiring two procedures. This case study illustrates the clinical outcomes of a combined basic periodontal and periodontal plastic surgical approach for the treatment of RT1/RT2 GRs in mandibular incisors associated with FHLiR, suggesting its potential to achieve functional and esthetic rehabilitation in this clinical context. Association of fixed "hygienic" lingual retainers (FHLiR) with gingival recession (GR): FHLiR, particularly those with curved or looped designs, may be a contributing factor for plaque accumulation, minor tooth movements, and buccal bone loss, leading to localized GR (RT1/RT2) in mandibular incisors. Comprehensive treatment approach: Management included replacing the FHLiR with a straight retainer, performing basic periodontal therapy, and applying periodontal plastic surgery(s) - mainly subepithelial connective tissue grafts with coronally advanced flap (using tunnel and microsurgical techniques) - with or without biomaterials, tailored to each patient's needs. Consistent clinical improvement: Across three cases, patients showed notable gains in gingival thickness, root coverage, and periodontal stability, with high satisfaction levels - even in cases requiring multiple surgical interventions. This study aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of a combined periodontal treatment and periodontal plastic surgical approach for the treatment of gingival recession (GR) in patients using a fixed "hygienic" lingual retainer (FHLiR). It is bonded to the lingual (back) surface of the lower front teeth after orthodontic treatment. While these retainers are meant to keep teeth straight/aligned, their design often makes them challenging to clean and may reduce passivity. Over time, poor hygiene and possible minor movements might contribute to undesirable tooth shifts, bone loss, and, most notably, GR on the outer/facial tooth surfaces. This report details the treatment of three healthy patients who developed localized GR around their lower front teeth, possibly associated with FHLiR. The treatment involved removing the problematic retainer and replacing it with a simpler, straight design, followed by specialized gingival (periodontal plastic) surgery, using techniques such as connective tissue grafts to cover the exposed roots. The results showed consistent improvement in gingival thickness and successful root coverage. The study concludes that combining basic periodontal therapy with specific surgical procedures for the treatment of GRs in mandibular incisors associated with FHLiR is a practical approach for restoring both the function and appearance of the gingival tissue.

This story captures an art installation Pereira created on a rooftop in the Villa Kennedy, a neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro with one of the highest rates of violence in the city. The neighborhood was founded on a history of forced displacement of marginalized communities who are still impacted to this day by the inequalities and injustices reinforced by state structures. The prologue is written from the perspective of a piece of paper. The rest of the chapter explores connections between youth, street art, and social and political action. The chapter focuses specifically on a technique called lambe-lambe, the Brazilian term used for public art installations that are made from paper or posters held by glue.

Este artigo analisa a afetação e o mérito do Tema de Repercussão Geral n. 1297, que trata da aplicabilidade da imunidade tributária às concessionárias de serviço público, para fins de incidência do IPTU. A partir de um estudo detalhado dos aspectos fático-jurídicos referentes às demais repercussões gerais sobre a matéria (Temas n. 385, n. 437, n. 508 e n. 1.140), pretende-se examinar se, de fato, a questão submetida à análise do egrégio Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) no Tema n. 1.297 apresenta particularidades que a distinguem dos demais casos julgados e, além disso, se não seria possível decidir o leading case com base nas teses fixadas nos outros temas que tratam da matéria.

PurposeThe cement interface is particularly important for successful zirconia–titanium base (Ti‐base) restorations, as retention relies primarily on adhesive bonding. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the influence of a universal resin cement used with either a self‐adhesive or adhesive bonding protocol versus adhesive resin cements on the retention of zirconia to Ti‐base abutments, with and without autoclaving.Materials and MethodsZirconia buildups were cemented to titanium‐base abutments using RelyX Universal (RXU) as a self‐adhesive resin cement, RXU with a primer (RXU/SUP), Panavia V5 (PV5) with primer, or multilink hybrid abutment (MHA) with primer. Half of the specimens were autoclaved. Push‐out testing was performed, and data were statistically evaluated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey honest significant difference test, and family‐wise error rate method.ResultsOf the nonautoclaved groups, RXU/SUP showed the highest initial mean push‐out load (1576.45 ± 195.86 N), followed by MHA (1268.10 ± 160.67 N), RXU (959.66 ± 139.24 N), and PV5 (905.84 ± 298.38 N). Autoclaving did not have a significant influence on cement push‐out load when compared directly within cement pairs. The push‐out load of RXU used as self‐adhesive cement was similar to PV5 with primer. Retention of RXU/SUP and MHA groups was significantly higher than that of RXU or PV5.ConclusionIn this in vitro study, RXU performed as well as PV5 groups and required the fewest preparation steps, suggesting it may be a good option for improving workflow efficiency. Results indicated a marginally positive effect of autoclaving between pairs, however, it was not significant.

O mobiliário urbano tem papel multifacetado nas cidades contemporâneas, englobando aspectos como praticidade, estética, ergonomia, identidade local, interação social, abrigo, iluminação, segurança e conforto. Este artigo disserta sobre o planejamento e concepção de um abrigo para ponto de ônibus de uma cidade universitária, concebido por meio do design colaborativo, com metodologia de pesquisa-ação aliada ao design thinking. O abrigo é o resultado de um projeto de pesquisa interdisciplinar, que integra as áreas do design, da engenharia civil e da arquitetura para propor uma solução acessível que atenda às demandas da comunidade local. Apresenta-se o processo criativo envolvido na concepção do abrigo, os materiais e tecnologias utilizados, além de uma reflexão sobre a importância do design colaborativo neste tipo de iniciativa. O projeto foi destaque em eventos acadêmicos, participou de feira internacional para projeto inovadores e, por fim, foi tema de uma reportagem internacional que destacou iniciativas de impacto ambiental positivo.

ABSTRACTSurgical management in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a significant impact on overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). The Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology (BSSO) supported an expert‐led task force for consensus: the best EOC surgery is provided by experienced and specialized trained surgeons in cancer centers. Laparoscopic or radiological staging can predict the possibility of complete cytoreduction (CC0) and help to reduce unnecessary laparotomies. Carcinomatosis and nodal extension should be evaluated at imaging. Multidisciplinary input is essential for determining the need for the selection of patients for surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with EOC. The BSSO proposes quality assurance criteria and the need for national consensus. Genetic counseling was deemed mandatory for all patients with EOC. This consensus states the final recommendations from BSSO for the management of EOC.

Silicone oil (SO) tamponade has been widely used in vitreoretinal surgery for complex retinal detachment cases, yet its migration into unintended intraocular spaces remains an uncommon but clinically significant complication. While sub-retinal and anterior chamber migration have been more frequently described, suprachoroidal SO migration is a rare event, with few reports in the literature. The underlying mechanisms proposed for this complication include transient hypotony, infusion cannula malposition, and structural vulnerabilities within the suprachoroidal space. This review synthesizes reported cases of suprachoroidal SO migration, detailing clinical presentations, surgical management approaches, and postoperative outcomes. Various drainage techniques have been attempted, including transscleral evacuation through posterior sclerotomies, internal drainage into the vitreous cavity via pars plana incisions, and adjunctive perfluorocarbon liquid injection to facilitate oil displacement. While some cases have been managed conservatively without surgical intervention, the long-term implications of retained SO in the suprachoroidal space remain largely unknown. Given its potential association with ciliary detachment, hypotony, and visual disturbances, careful patient monitoring is warranted. The current literature lacks comprehensive studies on the biological behavior of SO within the suprachoroidal compartment, and further investigations are necessary to assess its stability, potential toxic effects, and indications for surgical removal. This review aims to provide vitreoretinal surgeons with a systematic understanding of suprachoroidal SO migration, offering insights into pathophysiology, prevention strategies, and optimal surgical management based on current evidence.