Cellworks Research (India)

India has strengthened its clinical research infrastructure and regulatory frameworks to support new drug development and early-phase clinical trials. However, historical concerns related to participant safety, ethics, and research capacity have limited the conduct of first-in-human (FIH) studies for products developed outside India. A multi-stakeholder panel comprising representatives from regulatory authorities, academia, industry, and funding agencies examined regulatory, ethical, infrastructural, and innovator perspectives relevant to conducting such FIH trials in India.

Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have become a standard treatment option in patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). Although immune checkpoint inhibitors are largely effective in these patients, MSI is an imperfect biomarker and other therapies may be warranted. A mechanistic Computational Biology Model (CBM) was developed by Cellworks that can be personalized based on a patient’s tumor-based genomic profile, revealing signaling pathway dysregulation and patient-specific drug response. Model output was used to identify MSI-H patients who may have a poorer response to ICIs. Design: Computational biosimulation was performed using real-world retrospective cohorts of 423 STAD patients and 534 CRC patients (TCGA). MSI measurements were provided by TCGA. Efficacy scores (ES) based on biosimulated composite cell growth in response to disease and therapy were generated on all patients for pembrolizumab. Molecular rationales for ICI resistance were identified for MSI-H patients with low pembrolizumab ES (ES-L). Results: Model efficacy scores for pembrolizumab were significantly higher in MSI-H patients for both STAD (average ES 20.5 vs 3.2 respectively, p-value < 0.001) as well as CRC (average ES 13.4 vs 2.4 respectively, p-value < 0.001). Of the MSI-H patients, 59% and 81% were ES-L (STAD and CRC respectively) MSI-H/ES-L STAD patients showed a significantly higher percentage of NOTCH2, EGFR, and EZH2 amplifications as well as a higher percentage of TP53-SOF mutations, whereas MSI-H/ES-L CRC patients showed a significantly higher percentage of MYC amplifications (p-value < 0.05) Conclusions: In this study, a therapy efficacy score produced through biosimulation was significantly associated with microsatellite instability levels, and markers of ICI resistance were identified in MSI-H/ES-L patients. Future studies will be performed to confirm the hypothesis that biosimulation has utility in deciding which MSI-H patients might benefit from therapies other than ICI. Citation Format: Adity Ghosh, Mamatha Patil, Anuj Tyagi, Ansu Kumar, Chandan Kumar, Muthiyah MR, Rahul KR, Swati Khandelwal, Jyoti Chauhan, Michael Castro, Shweta Kapoor, James Wingrove. Use of biosimulation to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance in patients with high microsatellite instability [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 3308.

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are increasingly deployed in security-sensitive domains, but their parallel architectures introduce vulnerabilities enabling side-channel attacks to steal sensitive data. Recent works have shown feasible timing, contention, power, and access pattern side-channel attacks against cryptographic implementations, randomness protections, and other workloads on GPUs, highlighting risks of intellectual property theft, cryptographic key extraction, and spying. However, existing academic defences remain inadequate in systematically protecting real-world shader execution. This research aims to design, develop, and evaluate a secure GPU shader execution framework incorporating runtime monitoring, anomaly detection, and response mechanisms for commercial GPUs. The methodology involves implementing and assessing the framework against simulated side-channel attacks on shader benchmarks; this can help secure emerging GPU adoption in sectors like finance, healthcare, and government against rising data breaches.

To construct a battery, the precipitation-synthesized SnO2 products at 450 °C and 650 °C were separately taken and mixed with graphite as the anode and PbO2,V2O5, and graphite materials as cathode materials to make the pellets and examine their open circuit voltage (OCV) values. The microstrain, lattice parameter, and crystallite size values of the above-mentioned tin oxide compounds were obtained through Rietveld refinement-MAUD fit analysis. The microstrain and lattice parameter values of tin oxide were significantly varied at a higher calcined temperature. Surface particle grain growth was increased with the increased calcined temperature from 450 to 650 °C as evidenced by FE-SEM study. Particle size distributions of SnO2 and polycrystalline behavior have been discussed with the aid of TEM analysis. From the UV–visible spectra, optical band gap (Eg) values reduced from 3.73 to 3.69 eV for the SnO2 products with an increase in calcined temperatures from 450 to 650 °C. The antimicrobial responses of the two different calcined SnO2 samples at 450 °C and 650 °C against two different bacterial pathogens (gram-positive-S. aureus and gram-negative-E.coli) were investigated. From the microbicidal assessment, a relatively higher diameter of the zone of inhibition (DZOI) of tin oxide at 650 °C samples was measured to be 19 ± 2 mm and 21 ± 2 mm for S. aureus and E. Coli than the DZOI of SnO2 at 450 °C samples (15 ± 1 mm for S. aureus and 18 ± 1 mm for E. coli. DPPH scavenging activity at 100 μg/ml shows that SnO₂ calcined at 450 °C achieves 68 ± 1 %, while SnO2 calcined at 650 °C exhibits a significantly higher activity of 86 ± 1 %. A slight increase in hemolysis was observed for SnO2 calcined at 650 °C, reaching 1.3 % at higher concentrations, but overall, hemolysis remained below 5 %, indicating high hemocompatibility.

The Editor-in-Chief and the publisher have retracted this article. An investigation by the publisher found a number of concerns, including but not limited to citations which do not support claims made in the text, non-standard phrasing, and image irregularities. Based on the investigation's findings the Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions of this article. Author Anu Samanta disagrees with this retraction. Authors Indranil Hataiand& Ashis Kumar Mal have not responded to correspondence regarding this retraction. Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Solid state power amplifier-based transmitters have become very common and with the advancements of GaN devices the power output from the PA has increased and hence they are being used in most of the RF Systems. This paper presents an S-band RF power transmitter using an 8-way power divider and combiner, filter, circulator, and antenna integrated into a single system. The 8-way corporate power divider is simulated using a full wave MoM solver in MATLAB ® RF PCB Toolbox ™ and Antenna Toolbox ™. An OFDM signal is fed to the transmitter and changes in the waveform are reported.