Centre Français de Recherche en Sciences Sociales

Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) is essential for clinical evaluation of vessel structures and function. However, high contrast agent dose increases the risk of renal injury. Reducing contrast agent dose decreases the contrast between vessels and surrounding tissues, which complicates diagnosis. Despite their potential in CECT synthesis, existing methods often suffer from edge unclarity, contrast anomalies, and texture distortion, limiting their clinical applicability. This paper proposes a novel Multi-granularity Adversarial Generation Integrated Consistency Representation (MAGIC) for high-quality synthesis from low-contrast-enhanced CT to clinical usable CECT. MAGIC addresses current problems through four innovations: 1) Multi-Granularity Refined Booster (MRB) introduces contextual refinement and cross granularity boosting mechanisms for mining the multi-granularity contextual information to enhance feature representation capability, thus improving tissue edge clarity. 2) Supervised Contrast Enhancement Module (SCEM) imbues MAGIC with the ability to enhance tissue contrast, which leverages supervised images to adaptively adjust the contrast information of soft tissue structures and vessels, effectively overcoming the challenge of contrast anomalies. 3) Hierarchical Harmonized Consistency Representation (HHCR) utilizes domain consistency to construct a novel auxiliary loss for harmonizing the semantic and content relationships of multi-level hierarchical features to improve tissue texture performance, ensuring accurate restoration of real textures. 4) Dual-path Dynamic Collaborative Discriminator (DDCD) is designed with complementary strategies and injects content priors to dynamically collaborate the discrimination process, thereby comprehensively evaluating the fidelity of the synthesized results. Qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that MAGIC significantly outperforms existing methods in edge clarity, image contrast, and texture restoration, underscoring its substantial clinical potential.

This research paper explores the changes within feminist movements across several different historical periods, revealing notable milestones, challenges, and achievements that have shaped current-day feminist discourse. The study tracks the development of feminist movements from early battles over suffrage to the dawn of digital activism and the politics of intersectionality in the early 21st century. The article proposes to chronologically analyze waves of feminism-from the first, second, third, and fourth, to international and intersectional feminist activism-to gain insight into exactly how feminism evolved into a multiple and dynamic movement for societal change.

ABSTRACT This article examines video-recorded naturally occurring human–pet interactions during which the animal’s gaze is treated by the human as a turn-allocation device. Gaze exchange has been extensively studied as the social phenomenon par excellence, especially by scientific paradigms interested in defining sociality as mutual orientation. Recently, studies in ethology have shown the relevance of doing sequential analyses of gaze exchanges in animal interactions, providing important information on the “monitoring function” of gaze. Less is known about the “regulatory function” (i.e., the effect of animal gaze on the sequential organization of action) in human–animal interspecies interactions. This article aims to fill this gap, by investigating the role of domestic dogs’, cats’, and horses’ gazes on human conversation and courses of action. Findings demonstrate a systematic format: an animal-initiated gaze followed by a verbal turn of the human participant, which evidences the turn-allocational function of the animal’s gaze on human participation. Data are in French.

This study examined the perceptions of faculty members at Ajman University during the period of COVID-19 to estimate the reality of the experience of employing E-learn is applied during the 2020/2021 academic year at higher education establishments in UAE. A descriptive method was adopted in the research. The study participants consisted of all staff of the faculty (274) of Ajman University who were selected from different faculties with different specializations in the academic year 2020-2021. A questionnaire, consisting of (38) items, was developed as an instrument for the study after its validity and reliability were verified. The results indicated that faculty members' perspective of Ajman university as one of UAE universities as being highly prepared, well trained, and equipped to apply online learning at the period of the Covid-19. The findings also indicated that the faculty members’ perspective related to the process of teaching and learning via online learning reached at a moderate level, and the obstacles encountering the application of online learning reached at a high level, while their perspective concerning suggestions to develop the online learning experience was at mid-level. Faculty members' responses regarding applying online learning differed according to the college variables came with favor for Medicine college, depending on the year of experience (in favor of 5- to less than 10 years), and depending on gender and academic rank of faculty members (the perspective of faculty members is statistically insignificant according to the gender and academic rank variables)

À partir d’une comparaison des actions en justice de collectifs d’audit citoyen de la dette en France et en Espagne, cet article propose de réfléchir aux agencements que des citoyens sont susceptibles d’opérer entre finances publiques et droit. Plus particulièrement, il s’agit de voir comment de tels collectifs ont été amenés à contester certaines décisions liées aux finances publiques en justice, en l’absence, vis-à-vis de certains décideurs, d’interactions susceptibles de faire émerger une véritable délibération sur les modalités de financement des politiques publiques. En revenant de manière comparative sur les parcours judiciaires et les rapports au droit des auditeurs-citoyens, il s’agit de mettre en valeur les difficultés à consacrer une critique des usages des finances publiques par le medium des arènes judiciaires.

Le 49.3 de trop. Il aura « suffi » à Élisabeth Borne de faire appliquer par son gouvernement, le 16 mars 2023, pour la douzième fois depuis 2017, l’alinéa 3 de l’article 49 de la Constitution, sur la réforme des retraites, pour que de nombreux commentateurs y lisent une « crise démocratique ». Pourquoi l’usage du 49.3 est-il constitué publiquement dans cette conjoncture sociopolitique comme une crise démocratique, alors même que la vie politique nationale a été jalonnée par d’autres crises po...

The dissolution of the Soviet Union opened a new phase in the anthropological study of Siberia, as researchers from Western Europe, North America, and Japan joined their colleagues of the former Soviet Bloc in the field. This occurred just as a number of new trends emerged in the field of anthropology, including those referred to as “the ontological turn” or “the anthropology of ontology.” To what extent could the latter, originally developed on the basis of research in Amazonia, be applied to Siberia? In this article, we offer a critical re-reading of contributions by some of the authors who have attempted to apply ontological perspectives to Siberian materials. The works we review include both comparative studies of the ontologies of different people, including Siberians, and ethnographies of particular Siberian communities. In conclusion, we illustrate certain criticisms that have been made of ontological approaches by examining how two of the authors under review – Philippe Descola and Rane Willerslev – have drawn on classic ethnographies of northeastern Siberia, particularly the works of Waldemar Bogoras on the Chukchi.

Dans l’historiographie de la science politique en Russie, la tribune de Fiodor Bourlatski intitulée « La politique et la science », publiée le 10 janvier 1965, est régulièrement présentée comme un classique de la discipline révélateur des difficultés d’institutionnalisation d’une science du politique en URSS. Son support, la Pravda, journal du Comité central du Parti communiste de l’Union soviétique intrigue : le document questionne les contributions non académiques à la construction des sciences sociales. En insistant sur les apports de la presse dans l’histoire des sciences sociales, ce travail montre que le journal, loin d’être simplement une caisse de résonance ou le miroir déformant de luttes savantes, constitue un instrument majeur d’une lutte pour l’institutionnalisation de la science politique en URSS. Ce commentaire se propose dès lors de donner des pistes d’analyse sur les conditions de médiatisation des enjeux scientifiques en URSS, de montrer l’utilisation faite du journal par des savants à des fins de construction disciplinaire et de sonder, enfin, le rapport entre la construction d’une discipline et ses usages dans l’espace public.

Résumé Des artistes ont changé leur rapport à l’art et ont collaboré à bouleverser le paysage culturel dans des domaines tels que la littérature, la musique, le cinéma ou l’art plastique. Comme en témoignent les œuvres de Yazid Kheloufi, Hosni Hertili, Hassan Massoudy et Alexia Traore, en s’attaquant aux interdits, leur liberté d’expression a laissé place à une force créatrice. Ils sont devenus maîtres de leur passé, de leur présent, de leur futur et même de leurs corps.

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