Chengdu Sport University

This study aimed to investigate the effect of downhill running on mitophagic flux and autophagosome-lysosome fusion in rat soleus muscle. Sprague-Dawley rats were trained on a treadmill at a speed of 16 m·min -1 and a decline of -16° for 90 min, and the soleus muscle was sampled at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after exercise. Mitochondrial ultrastructural changes were observed by using a transmission electron microscope. Protein levels of Cathepsin D, Vacuolar H + -ATPase (V-ATPase), mitochondrial respiratory complex Ⅰ (NDUFB8), complex Ⅲ (UQCRC2), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) were determined by Western blot. Mitochondria co-localizations with LC3 and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2), syntaxin 17 (STX17) co-localizations with LC3, LAMP2, SNAP29, and vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8), as well as the SNAP29 co-localizations with VAMP8, were measured by immunofluorescence. To assess mitophagic flux in vivo , colchicine or saline was injected intraperitoneally 3 d before exercise, and the protein expression of mitochondrial LC3-Ⅱ was detected by Western blot. After downhill running, mitochondrial structure appeared to be abnormal and contained autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes. The expression levels of Cathepsin D, Vacuolar H + -ATPase, and mitochondrial LC3, as well as the co-localizations of STX17 with LC3 and SNAP29 were significantly higher, whereas the expression levels of mitochondrial NDUFB8, UQCRC2, and LAMP2, along with the co-localizations of STX17 with LAMP2 and VAMP8 were significantly lower than those in the control group. Specifically, mitochondrial LC3-Ⅱ flux was significantly lower following downhill running. A bout of downhill running may block mitophagic flux by impairing mitophagosome-lysosome fusion, which is accompanied by increased recruitment of STX17 and SNAP29 to autophagosome and reduced co-localizations of STX17 and SNAP29 with lysosomal VAMP8.

This research investigates the evolutionary mechanism and risk intervention of university students’ online mentality alienation under the deep embedding of intelligent algorithms. Based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) theoretical framework, a chain mediation model was constructed, and 351 valid empirical data points were obtained through targeted sampling on leading algorithm-driven social media platforms popular among youth. Using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study reveals three heterogeneous groups: "Rational Self-Control" (33.6%), "Immersive Follower" (48.7%), and "Highly Alienated" (17.7%). Findings show that irrational trust in algorithmic recommendations directly triggers cognitive conflict (K) while bypassing the "information cocoon" (which negatively affects defense), sequentially triggering negative emotions (A), uncontrolled internet use, and defensive cognition (P). Notably, digital literacy failed to buffer front-end algorithmic discipline but significantly moderated the "cognitive conflict → uncontrolled internet use" path. This study deepens the micro-psychological understanding of technological alienation and provides empirical evidence for transitioning toward "algorithmic logic de-blindness" in educational intervention strategies.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a prevalent plasticizer that has been demonstrated to induce male reproductive toxicity through the disruption of spermatogenesis. Icariin (ICA), a bioactive compound derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium, holds significant potential in the treatment of male infertility. However, its clinical utilization is constrained by low absorption and fast metabolism upon oral administration. Herein, we first developed ICA-loaded chondroitin sulfate (CS) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) microneedle (MN) patches (ICA MNs) for treating DEHP-induced testicular dysfunction. The results found that ICA MNs significantly reduced DEHP-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in GC-1 cells by modulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In addition, ICA MNs mitigated DEHP-induced testicular damage, sperm irregularities, and blood-testis barrier impairment in rats, surpassing the efficacy of oral ICA treatment. Proteomic analysis indicated a restoration of the testicular proteome toward normal levels after ICA MN treatment. Comprehensive safety assessments revealed no adverse systemic effects, highlighting the biocompatibility of ICA MNs. These findings suggest ICA MNs as a promising therapeutic approach for male infertility associated with DEHP exposure, offering targeted and efficient transdermal delivery.

Objective This study investigates the effects of quadriceps isometric contraction training (QICT) on the symptoms, postural control, and movement ability of elderly women with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods Forty-two older women with KOA were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 21) and a control group (n = 21). All participants received the same health education for 16 weeks. The experimental group underwent QICT five times per week (contraction and relaxation for 5 s each, 30 repetitions per set, 10 sets, with a 30-s rest between sets). Assessments of KOA symptoms, postural control, and movement ability were performed at baseline and after the 16-week intervention. Results 1) At the 16th week compared to baseline: The experimental group showed a 27.1% reduction in pain, a 13.8% reduction in stiffness, and a 15.7% reduction in functional impairment scores. The body sway index on a firm surface with eyes closed decreased by 14.3%. The knee extension peak torque at 180°/s increased by 31.6%, and the angle difference in the knee flexion proprioception test (30°) decreased by 24.5%. The 6MWT distance increased by 11.9%, and the time for the TUG decreased by 12.9% (P < 0.05). 2) At the 16th week, group comparisons showed that the experimental group had significantly lower pain scores, body sway index on a firm surface with eyes closed, and angle difference in the knee flexion proprioception test (30°) (P < 0.05), and significantly higher knee extension peak torque at 180°/s and 6MWT distance compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Quadriceps isometric contraction training can significantly improve pain, stiffness, functional impairment, static balance ability, knee extension strength, and 6-min walk distance in older women with KOA, as well as enhance knee flexion proprioception. These results indicate that 16-week QICT is a safe and economical non-pharmacological intervention that can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and functional status of older women with KOA, providing a feasible treatment option for community and outpatient rehabilitation. Notably, the 31.6% increase in knee extensor peak torque (180°/s) exceeds the MCID (20%) for older adults with KOA, reflecting significant clinical benefits.

ABSTRACTBackgroundSarcopenia is a progressive, age‐related condition characterized by a decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength and performance. Diagnosis remains challenging because current consensus criteria are difficult to scale and existing biomarkers lack accuracy. This study aimed to develop high‐performance plasma‐based diagnostic models for sarcopenia by integrating proteomic and metabolomic profiles.MethodsParticipants were selected from the West China Health and Aging Trend study. Sarcopenia was defined according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. Two independent 1:1 age‐ and sex‐matched cohorts were constructed: a discovery cohort (40 sarcopenic, 40 non‐sarcopenic) and a validation cohort (30 sarcopenic, 30 non‐sarcopenic). Fasting plasma samples were profiled using the Olink Explore 384 Inflammation Panel and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry‐based untargeted metabolomics. Gaussian naïve Bayes classifiers were trained for single‐omics models, and logistic regression was used to construct combined models in the discovery cohort and evaluate performance in the validation cohort.ResultsBaseline age and sex were similar in sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic groups (discovery: median 72.0 vs. 71.5 years, p = 0.714; validation: 71.0 vs. 71.5 years, p = 0.594; women: 52.5% and 53.3%). The sarcopenic group had lower skeletal muscle index, grip strength and gait speed (all p < 0.05). Sixty‐five proteins and 268 metabolites differed between groups. A 7‐protein Gaussian naïve Bayes model achieved AUCs of 0.743 (95% CI 0.718–0.767) in discovery and 0.698 (0.561–0.834) in validation; the metabolomic model yielded 0.828 (0.808–0.849) and 0.751 (0.617–0.885). Combined Model 1 integrated the probabilistic outputs of the proteomic (7 proteins) and metabolomic (7 metabolites) models and reached AUCs of 0.951 (0.937–0.965) and 0.823 (0.717–0.930), outperforming single‐omics models (discovery: both p < 0.001; validation: vs. proteomic p < 0.05; vs. metabolomic p = 0.147). Combined Model 2 incorporated only the top two biomarkers from each platform (CCL13, FGF2, N‐hexadecanoylpyrrolidine and 1‐(cyclohexylmethyl)proline), achieving AUCs of 0.853 (0.828–0.878) in discovery and 0.911 (0.839–0.983) in validation and remained superior to single‐omics models (discovery: both p < 0.001; validation: both p < 0.05). Its validation performance was comparable to Combined Model 1 (p = 0.124), with sensitivity 86.7%, specificity 80.0%, precision 81.2% and F1‐score 0.839.ConclusionsWe have developed high‐performance plasma‐based diagnostic models for sarcopenia by integrating inflammatory proteomic and metabolomic signatures. A four‐biomarker model (Combined Model 2) demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance and may provide a promising clinically scalable approach for the early detection of sarcopenia.

BackgroundDepression is among the most prevalent mental disorders globally and is frequently accompanied by impairments in attention, memory, and executive functioning that substantially diminish quality of life and social functioning. Taekwondo has increasingly been recognized as a holistic mind–body discipline that integrates physical training, attentional regulation, and ethical cultivation and may offer benefits for both psychological well-being and cognitive health. However, the existing evidence has not been systematically synthesized.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and synthesized relevant literature published through September 2025. Searches were conducted across major English- and Chinese-language Taekwondodatabases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid Medline and CNKI), and 14 randomized controlled trials were ultimately included. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the RoB 2.0 tool, and rated the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. Random-effects models were applied to estimate standardized mean difference (SMD) and corresponding 95% CI. Heterogeneity was examined using Cochran's Q-test and the I2 statistic. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to evaluate the moderating effects of intervention duration, weekly frequency, session length, and gender ratio. Publication bias was assessed using Begg and Egger tests, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsFourteen randomized controlled trials involving 906 participants were included. Taekwondo training was associated with significant, moderate improvements in depressive symptoms (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI: −0.84 to −0.24; I2 = 59.2%) and cognitive function (SMD = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.17–0.81; I2 = 51.4%). Subgroup analyses indicated that interventions delivered ≥3 times per week, with total durations ≤12 weeks and session lengths ≤40 min, produced the greatest improvements in depressive symptoms. In contrast, interventions delivered ≥3 times per week, with sessions lasting 30–50 min and durations exceeding 16 weeks, were more effective in enhancing cognitive function. More consistent treatment effects were observed among female participants.ConclusionTaekwondo training appears to exert meaningful benefits for both depressive symptoms and cognitive function, supporting its potential as a comprehensive exercise-based intervention with psychological and cognitive health value.

This study aims to elucidate the causal effect of physical activity (PA) at different times of day on the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including subtypes of stroke, heart failure, atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial infarction, hypertension, and peripheral artery disease. Two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization were conducted. Genetic instruments for total PA and PA across twelve 2-hour intervals were derived from UK Biobank. Summary-level data for outcomes were obtained from large consortia. We estimated causal effects using inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Multivariable Mendelian randomization revealed independent protective effects of PA during 6AM to 8AM, 10AM to 12PM, and 4PM to 6PM on total and ischemic stroke. In contrast, the effect in protecting total, ischemic and large artery stroke were detected for PA during 6PM to 8PM in univariable MR. PA during 2AM to 4AM and 10AM to 12PM had directly protective effect of total AS, and PA during 2PM to 4PM for coronary AS, while univariable MR results indicated PA during 8PM to 10PM and 6PM to 8PM decreased the risk of cerebral and coronary AS, respectively. PA during 2PM to 4PM exhibited a total but not a direct effect of reducing risk of total and essential hypertension. No robust causal associations were observed for heart failure, myocardial infarction, or peripheral artery disease. This study provides evidence that PA during specific periods is causally associated with the risk of stroke, AS, and hypertension. These findings suggest that the timing of PA should be considered for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

With the increasing focus on sustainable development in the world, green sports policies have become a key factor in promoting environmental management and circular economies in high-impact events. This article critically assesses the role of this type of policies in the performance of waste management of the Chinese sports activities during 2015-2024 based on the extensive data sample of 1,600 observations of different event types (e. g., Olympics, National Games) and cities. This study utilizes a multi-method framework, such as descriptive statistics, Pearson, OLS regression, K-Means clustering and Difference-in-Differences (DiD) modeling, to identify direct policy impacts and contextual influences, such as infrastructure and temporality. The key distinguishing feature of the work in the novel delivery is the massive econometric integration with spatial-temporal analysis, which is the first quantitative characterization of the policy-outcome relationships in the Chinese sports green sector. In contrast to previous qualitative or single cases studies, it measures non-linear relationships by using clustering to measure performance typologies and variability metrics to measure convergence trends, providing replicable information on implementation variances. Findings indicate a strong baseline recycling level of about 84, which underlines the sustainability status quo, but OLS models have low explanatory potential (R2=0.008), indicating complex interplay between infrastructure and behaviour. The estimates of DiD confirm a small effect of 3-5% increase in recycling after the implementation of policies in 2018 with the elitist cities (Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu) outperforming the mid-tier areas through hightech logistics. In spite of transitional frictions, waste diversion has been institutionalized in policies but the gains depend on local innovations. Such findings will provide policy-makers with evidence-based solutions like digital supervision and scalable event-plans to achieve greater efficiency, which meets the national ecological civilization and Dual Carbon goals of efficient green sports governance.

This study evaluated how lower-limb explosive strength relates to 15-m speed-climbing performance by combining jump kinetics, muscle morphology, and surface electromyography (sEMG). Fifteen Chinese speed climbers (10 men, 5 women) who had placed within the top 3-6 at national-level competitions underwent ultrasound imaging of the rectus femoris (RF) and medial gastrocnemius (GM), and then, in random order, completed unilateral and bilateral squat jumps, countermovement jumps, and a 15-m speed-climbing test. Force plate recorded peak force (Fpeak) and rate of force development (RFD); sEMG yielded integrated EMG for the main lower-limb muscles. Unilateral and bilateral squat jumps/countermovement jumps Fpeak correlated with climbing speed (r = .63-.77, P = .004-.029). Both right-leg (r = .62, P = .033) and bilateral (r = .62, P = .03) countermovement jumps RFD correlated with speed. Bilateral-jump Fpeak correlated with right-side RF thickness (r = .59-.81, P = .001-.043), whereas bilateral RFD with both GM thickness and fascicle length (r = .58-.63, P = .029-.049). During climbing, speed negatively correlated with left-side RF integrated EMG (r = -.6, P = .041) and positively with bilateral GM integrated EMG (r = .59-.64, P = .026-.045; other muscles P > .05). Right-leg RF thickness appears to drive Fpeak, and thus climbing speed, whereas GM thickness and fascicle length primarily influence RFD. A contrasting activation pattern (lower RF, higher GM engagement) likely underlies these morphology-performance links. Coaches can target maximal-strength and plyometric training to enlarge the right RF and GM and lengthen GM fascicles, potentially improving speed-climbing performance.