Cherepovets State University

в статье представлен опыт работы по формированию исследовательских навыков будущих учителей начальных классов. Научно-исследовательская работа рассматривается как составная часть профессиональной подготовки студентов. Описаны задания: анализ словарей, аннотации, групповой разбор УМК по зарубежным сказкам, подготовка сообщений. Выделены этапы: отбор материала, работа в группах, презентации, рецензирование.

In many applications of spin models, the fast estimation of their critical temperatures and other physical properties is of great importance. In this work, we present the analytical expressions estimating the critical properties of inhomogeneous Ising models with ferromagnetic interactions. The expressions were obtained within the framework of the m-vicinity method. The accuracy of the critical temperature estimations was evaluated through comparison with Monte Carlo simulations. Special attention was given to the case when the model consists of two interacting interpenetrating homogeneous sublattices, and relationships for the compositional dependence of the critical temperature were derived.

To increase the resistance of work rolls in modern rolling mills to thermal stresses that arise in their internal layers, it is necessary to accurately calculate the temperature fields. This paper presents the main results of studies carried out to improve the basic method for determining the temperature fields of work rolls for a continuous wide-strip hot-rolling mill. Adapting this method for the mill’s finishing group by plotting graphs and approximating those graphical relationships as linear equations for computing temperature fields at any point in the cross section of a work roll makes it possible to assess the temperature of the internal layers while accounting for the transient rolling regime.

The best available technologies for coke production in Russia and elsewhere are briefly analyzed and the most promising is selected, with a view to producing coke with high coke strength after reaction CSR from batch containing low-value coal. For the example of Severstal coke plant, it is shown that stamp charging of the coal batch increases the hot strength of coke by a factor of 1.14 relative to traditional gravitational charging and permits the use of up to 60% of low-value coal in the batch to produce coke with CSR no lower than 50%.

Introduction. The relevance of the problem is due to the significance of studying the factors affecting the level of psychological well-being of people. The analysis of existing studies has shown that the psychological well-being of medical workers is inversely correlated with their social anxiety. However, the nature of this relationship is often overlooked by researchers.Objective. To identify the peculiarities of the relationship between psychological well-being and social anxiety in medical workers.Materials and Methods. The study involved 50 medical workers of one of the medical institutions of Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast. The basis of the sample was the average medical personnel. The diagnostic tools used were the K. Rieff questionnaire to identify the levels of psychological well-being (adapted by T. D. Shevelenkova and P. P. Fesenko) and the questionnaire of social anxiety by O. N. Sagalakova and D. V. Truevtsev. The results were processed using the methods of correlation analysis (Pearson linear correlation coefficient was calculated) and regression analysis.Results. On the basis of correlation analysis, a negative relationship between psychological well-being and social anxiety was revealed. The higher the level of psychological well-being, the lower the level of social anxiety and vice versa. The results of regression analysis showed that the desire to cope with anxiety and get rid of indecisiveness negatively affects the autonomy of personality, and anxiety in situations of initiative communication negatively affects the ability to manage the environment. In turn, the low level of personality autonomy as an indicator of psychological well-being influences all types of social anxiety.Discussion. In the course of the discussion it is concluded that the presented results confirm the information available in psychology about the negative relationship between social anxiety and psychological well-being. On the other hand, new data on the peculiarities of mutual influence of these personality formations on each other have been obtained. The main conclusion that follows from the study is that social anxiety can be significantly reduced if the level of autonomy of the individual is increased, i.e. subjective qualities are formed. The obtained results can be useful for the administration of medical institutions in the work with employees, in particular, with nursing staff

A mathematical model was developed and implemented, the use of which allows for joint regulation of the longitudinal and transverse thickness variation of the rolled strip at the initial stage of setting up a continuous wide-strip hot rolling mill (CWSHRM) depending on changes in all significant process parameters. The reliability of the mathematical model was confirmed by industrial tests in the finishing group of CWSHRM “2000” stands at PJSC Severstal.

This paper presents the development and mathematical formalization of a passive acoustic location system designed for the detection and positioning of unmanned aerial vehicles. Given the growing usage of drones in various applications, a novel passive acoustic method is proposed. A comprehensive mathematical framework has been developed, using principles of acoustic wave reception by microphone pairs and implementation of Apollonius’ theorem to compute the angle of incidence of the acoustic signal. Furthermore, the model transitions to a three-dimensional polar coordinate system to enhance location precision. The experimental component of this study includes the implementation of a microcontroller-based measurement platform, a signal acquisition and amplification module, and a 3x3 planar microphone array. The system's architecture is validated through MATLAB simulations under acoustic noise, establishing the feasibility and robustness of the proposed location technique. This research contributes to the advancement of acoustic counter-drone systems with potential integration into complex, network-centric security infrastructures, as well as commercial drone applications.

The European perch (Perca fluviatilis) is a fish species that can be a planktivorous, benthivorous and carnivorous at different life stages. Using the example of the perch population from White Lake (Northwest Russia) the connection between ontogenetic change of diet and mercury accumulation in fish muscle tissue is shown. Analysis of the gut contents of 223 perch indicated that the main food item of perch aged 4-6+ years is the lake form of European smelt (80-100%). Also, the lowest THg concentrations were observed in perch aged 4-5+ and 6+ years - 160 ± 47 and 172 ± 51 ng/g (wet weight), respectively. Starting from age 6+ pikeperch and ruff appear in the diet of perch. In fish aged 9+ the proportion of lake smelt in the diet is 25-33%, and the mercury content in muscles is 447 ± 44 and 462 ± 109 ng/g (wet weight) in individuals aged 9+ and 10-12+ years, respectively. An increased proportion of pikeperch and ruff in the diet, whose average mercury content is 2.5 times higher than that of smelt, lead to increased mercury concentrations in perch muscle. There was also a statistically significant linear regression between mercury content and δ15N in perch older than 7+ years (p = 0.002; r2 = 0.38) and no correlation between mercury content and δ13C in fish of different ages. Concentrations exceeding the U.S. EPA recommended values (330 ng/g ww) were found in perch aged 9+ years and older, with body length greater than 25 cm. Therefore, the local people should not consume perch with body length greater than 25 cm from White Lake. Further measurements are needed to determine the mercury concentration in perch in nearby lakes and their suitability for human consumption. It is recommended that a similar study be conducted in a number of reservoirs within the study region in order to determine the factors influencing the intensive accumulation of mercury in fish.

A new species of cypriniform fish was discovered during studies of the riverine fish fauna of the Caspian Sea basin, employing an integrative taxonomy approach. The Ural gudgeon is herein described as a new species from the Ural River system, which is considered a geographical boundary between Europe and Asia. The new species is distinguished from the other gudgeon species by a combination of morphological characters and genetic data. Morphologically, it is very similar to Gobio volgensis from the Volga basin. Genetically, however, it is closer to G. acutipinnatus, which occurs in the upper Irtysh River (Ob’ River system), and to G. multipunctatus from the Lake Alakol basin in Central Asia (p-distance = 0.037; COI mtDNA). Therefore, the Ural gudgeon, which is endemic to the Ural River system, is of Asian rather than European origin. The biogeography of freshwater aquatic animals in the region is discussed in relation to paleogeographic events and connections between the Caspian Sea and Ob’ drainages.