Cisco Systems (Norway)

An energetic event in a nickel-metal hydride battery cell resulted in the failure of the product powered by the battery and the battery itself. During this presentation, the methodology used to diagnose the failure mode and a review of battery materials, chemistry, and appropriate standards will be discussed.

The introduction of 5G provides an opportunity for mobile operators to build, integrate, and upgrade existing infrastructure to enrich their existing services and enable new business use cases. Mobile operators want to leverage their existing infrastructures as much as possible so that cost of deploying a new network is optimal and it continues to provide existing services with seamless interworking. The main goal of this paper is to provide system architecture and methods for interworking and migration between 4G and 5G mobile technologies. Some of the key challenges faced in rolling out 5G are: (a) ability to serve 4G, 5G Non-standalone (NSA) and standalone (SA) subscribers, (b) integration of new 5G radio without overloading existing network, (c) enabling 5G devices with new applications and enhanced quality of service (QoS), and (d) introducing network slicing to enrich 5G experience. This paper identifies different interworking scenarios, associated challenges, and addresses possible solutions. In summary, mobile service provider must define their transformation journey based on what 3G/4G network they have, what new services need to be enabled, and then develop 5G architecture with smooth integration.

Testing configurable software for high assurancesystems developed in continuous integration requires effectivetechniques for selecting failure-inducing test cases, thoroughlycovering entire configuration space, while providing rapid feedbackon failures. This involves satisfying multiple objectives:maximizing test fault detection, maximizing test coverage ofthe configuration space, and minimizing test execution time, which often leads to compromises in practice. In this paper, weaddress this problem with a practical test optimization approachthat uses historical test data to determine an optimal order oftests ensuring high progressively uniform configuration coverage, early fault detection, and rapid test feedback. We extensivelyvalidate the approach in a set of experiments using industry testsuites, and report experimental results showing the improvementin efficiency compared to industry practice. In particular, theapproach showed to increase the uniformity of configurationcoverage by 39% on average, which increases fault detectionup to 15%, while just slightly delaying test feedback.

Many software engineering problems are multi-objective in nature, which has been largely recognized by the Search-based Software Engineering (SBSE) community. In this regard, Pareto- based search algorithms, e.g., Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, have already shown good performance for solving multi-objective optimization problems. These algorithms produce Pareto fronts, where each Pareto front consists of a set of non- dominated solutions. Eventually, a user selects one or more of the solutions from a Pareto front for their specific problems. A key challenge of applying Pareto-based search algorithms is to select appropriate quality indicators, e.g., hypervolume, to assess the quality of Pareto fronts. Based on the results of an extended literature review, we found that the current literature and practice in SBSE lacks a practical guide for selecting quality indicators despite a large number of published SBSE works. In this direction, the paper presents a practical guide for the SBSE community to select quality indicators for assessing Pareto-based search algorithms in different software engineering contexts. The practical guide is derived from the following complementary theoretical and empirical methods: 1) key theoretical foundations of quality indicators; 2) evidence from an extended literature review; and 3) evidence collected from an extensive experiment that was conducted to evaluate eight quality indicators from four different categories with six Pareto-based search algorithms using three real industrial problems from two diverse domains.

Nowadays, systems are becoming increasingly complex and large and the process of developing such large-scale systems is becoming complicated with high cost and enormous effort required. Such a complicated process has a prominent challenge to ensure the quality of delivered artifacts. Therefore there is clearly a need to facilitate reuse of developed artifacts (e.g., requirements, architecture, tests) and enable automated analyses such as risk analyses, prioritizing test cases, change impact analysis, with the objective to reduce cost, effort and improve quality. Model-based engineering provides a promising mechanism to facilitate reuse and enable automation. The key idea is to use models as the backbone of structuring repositories that contain reusable artifacts (e.g., test cases, requirements). Such a backbone model is subse-quently used to enable various types of automation such as model-based testing and automated rule verification. In this paper, we report 12 industrial projects from five different industry domains that all require the construction of model-based repositories to enable various types of automation. We believe using models as the backbone to structure repositories for the purpose of enabling different types of automation in different contexts is a new and non-conventional model-based development research approach. This exploratory paper will serve the basis for future research to derive a generic model-based repository.

This document defines and registers a value of impp (instant messaging and presence protocol) for the purpose header field parameter of the Call-Info header field in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

This paper describes the in-loop deblocking filter used in the upcoming High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard to reduce visible artifacts at block boundaries. The deblocking filter performs detection of the artifacts at the coded block boundaries and attenuates them by applying a selected filter. Compared to the H.264/AVC deblocking filter, the HEVC deblocking filter has lower computational complexity and better parallel processing capabilities while still achieving significant reduction of the visual artifacts.

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and the Internet Standard Management Framework are widely used for the management of communication devices, creating a need to specify SNMP access (including access to SNMP MIB object instances) from non-SNMP management environments. For example, when out-of-band IP management is used via a separate management interface (e.g., for a device that does not support in-band IP access), a uniform way to indicate how to contact the device for management is needed. Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) fit this need well, as they allow a single text string to indicate a management access communication endpoint for a wide variety of IP-based protocols. This document defines a URI scheme so that SNMP can be designated as the protocol used for management. The scheme also allows a URI to designate one or more MIB object instances. [STANDARDS-TRACK]

We find that employee stock option deductions lead to large aggregate tax savings for Nasdaq 100 and S&P 100 firms and also affect corporate marginal tax rates. For Nasdaq firms, the median marginal tax rate is 31 percent when option deductions are ignored but falls to 5 percent when one accounts for the deductions. For S&P firms, however, option deductions do not affect marginal tax rates to a large degree. In the spirit of We find evidence consistent with option deductions substituting for interest deductions in corporate capital structure decisions.