Colciencias

A culture of environmental peace is key to sustainability and conflict prevention due to the misuse of natural resources. In the face of the ecological crisis and social violence, integrating environmental education with peace values ​​is an urgent need. The study systematically maps the literature to compile and analyze research in this field. A total of 149 documents indexed in Scopus and Web of Science, using RStudio and Biblioshiny, were examined. Key themes were identified, such as sustainability, culture, conflict, and peacekeeping. One of the most revealing findings is the research shift toward sociocultural dynamics and the construction of stable peace, displacing approaches focused on structural disputes and opening up new research opportunities in this emerging field. This shift is crucial in the Amazon, where the intersection of ecological justice and territorial conflicts demands innovative research and action strategies.

IntroductionBreast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality despite being potentially curable when detected early, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where access to screening is limited. This is largely driven by operational gaps, including limited access to screening and delays in diagnosis and treatment. JULIETA is a portable bioimpedance spectroscopy device designed to identify electrical tissue patterns associated with potentially malignant findings and to prioritize women for further diagnostic evaluation. This study assessed the performance of a hierarchical algorithm integrated into JULIETA to distinguish findings without malignant potential (BI-RADS 1-2) from those with malignant potential (BI-RADS ≥3), using mammography as the reference standard.MethodsA cross-sectional observational study with prospective data collection was conducted between May and July 2024 in four Colombian cities. Adult women undergoing screening or follow-up mammography were evaluated with JULIETA prior to imaging. Impedance-derived features, breast density estimates, and individual risk scores were used to retrain a hierarchical classifier combining Random Forest and SVM-RBF models, using an 80/20 stratified split and cross-validation.ResultsA total of 1350 women were recruited (mean age 56.5 ± 8.0 years); 67% were BI-RADS 1-2 and 21% BI-RADS 4. After data cleaning, 673 breasts (469 women) were included. The model achieved 73% sensitivity, 76% specificity, 65.5% positive predictive value, and 82.1% negative predictive value.ConclusionJULIETA is a feasible, safe, and reproducible noninvasive bioimpedance pre-screening tool that may enable scalable triage and support earlier detection and improved equity when integrated into public health pathways.

Hypertriglyceridemia is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and while omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) are known to lower triglyceride (TG) concentrations, their effectiveness is influenced by formulation and bioavailability. Phospholipid-bound (PL) omega-3 FAs—such as those found in krill oil—demonstrate superior intestinal absorption and membrane integration compared with TG- and ethyl ester omega-3 FAs based forms. Preclinical studies have shown that PL omega-3 FAs exhibit anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and TG-lowering properties; however, clinical data remain limited. This pilot randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy of PL omega-3 FAs with standard omega-3 FAs in patients with mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia. We performed a randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group pilot trial involving patients aged 18–65 years with fasting TG between 150 and 499 mg/dL. Patients were randomized to receive PL omega-3 FAs (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid [DHA), 825 mg/day) or standard omega-3 FAs (EPA + DHA, 903 mg/day). Primary outcomes were changes in fasting TG and omega-3 index (O3I) after 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in lipid profile, glycemic markers, inflammatory markers, anthropometric measures, hemodynamic variables, and safety parameters. Of the 47 randomized participants, 44 (22 per group) completed the study and were included in the analysis. Mean TG levels decreased slightly in the PL group (-9.1 mg/dL) and increased in the standard group (+ 15.2 mg/dL), with no statistically significant difference between-groups (p = 0.416). Although the O3I increased significantly in both groups, the between-group difference was not statistically significant, despite a greater rise in the PL group (+ 1.78% vs. +1.50%, p = 0.446). At week 12, 36.4% of participants in the PL group achieved TG ≤ 150 mg/dL, compared with 13.6% in the standard group (p = 0.041). No serious adverse events were reported, and treatment adherence exceeded 95%. In summary, this pilot randomized trial did not demonstrate statistically significant differences between the PL and TG formulations in triglyceride or Omega-3 Index reduction. However, the numerically higher responder rate and favorable biochemical trends observed with the PL formulation warrant further investigation in larger, adequately powered studies. NCT06749028 (retrospectively registered on December 19, 2024, after enrollment of the first participant). Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06749028. EFSA-2024-00030369.

Abstract There is a growing appreciation of the role that fungi play in ecosystems, and thus their importance in conservation efforts. However, they remain under-represented and very few species have had their conservation status assessed at a global level. In this study we looked at a well-known group of fungi, the chanterelles of Cantharellus and Craterellus and evaluated the extinction risk of this group using the IUCN Red List methodology. While there was a high level of species assessed as Data Deficient, when compared to other comprehensively assessed taxonomic groups on the Red List, the proportion of species that fall within a threatened category, or as a species of conservation concern, is in the range of values for other groups. The threats driving such assessments are predominantly those that are driving habitat loss and deterioration, that would be impacting a suite of other species too. Thus, the conservation of fungi should be more readily streamlined with efforts for other taxonomic groups. The spatial distribution of chanterelle species of conservation concern broadly overlaps with ecoregions of known conservation importance but also highlights a new separate hotspot for fungal conservation, namely the Congo Basin; and given the importance of the Congo rainforest as the second largest after the Amazon, ensuring the maintenance of forest biodiversity through the conservation of such fungi is of critical importance.

Las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) han transformado profundamente los procesos educativos, generando oportunidades inéditas para el aprendizaje colaborativo, la participación y el acceso al conocimiento. Sin embargo, su uso también plantea desafíos éticos, pedagógicos y sociales que requieren una reflexión crítica. Este artículo analiza el papel de las tecnologías digitales y las redes sociales en la educación contemporánea, desde una perspectiva que equilibra sus potencialidades y riesgos. En primer lugar, se examina la tensión entre el uso de las tecnologías como herramientas de innovación pedagógica y su potencial de distracción o dependencia. Luego, se aborda la comunicación digital y los debates que surgen en torno al lenguaje, la interacción y la construcción de comunidades virtuales. Finalmente, se explora el impacto de las redes sociales en la formación de la ciudadanía digital y el papel de plataformas como X (antes Twitter) en la profesionalización y el intercambio académico. Las conclusiones resaltan la necesidad de integrar una educación digital crítica, ética y humanista, orientada al desarrollo de competencias tecnológicas y socioemocionales que permitan a los estudiantes participar activamente en una sociedad global e interconectada

Autobiographical memory (AM) is a core component of human cognition; it defines who we are, it helps us relate to others, and supports decision-making and future planning. The variability embedded in AMs offers a unique opportunity to examine the neural dynamics engaged during the retrieval of memories of different ages. Here, we focus on the early access (or search) phase and test whether theta-band (4-9 Hz) cortical activity carries age-sensitive signatures distinguishing recent (<1 year) from remote (>3 years) AMs. Forty-one participants performed an AM retrieval task while EEG was recorded. Theta power and time-resolved Granger causality (GC) were quantified during the first 1200 ms of the access period. Remote AM access elicited a significant increase in midline fronto-central theta power around 900 ms, consistent with enhanced internally driven, reconstructive processing. GC analyses further revealed that remote AMs exhibited denser, more widespread theta-band connectivity, including a prominent anterior-to-posterior information flow between 600-800 ms, whereas recent AMs showed more localized fronto-central interactions. These findings demonstrate that the earliest phase of AM access is shaped by memory age, with remote memories recruiting broader, long-range theta-mediated coordination. Our results identify theta oscillations and their directed network interactions as temporally precise markers of AM remoteness, providing new insights into the systems-level mechanisms that support autobiographical retrieval.

La persistencia del provirus integrado del VIH-1 en reservorios celulares de larga vida representa el principal obstáculo para alcanzar una cura funcional, a pesar de la eficacia sostenida de la terapia antirretroviral. En este contexto, el sistema CRISPR-Cas9 se ha posicionado como una herramienta de edición génica con potencial para intervenir directamente en la arquitectura viral y en factores del huésped esenciales para la infección. Este estudio realizó una revisión analítica de la evidencia experimental, preclínica y clínica publicada entre 2016 y 2024, con el fin de evaluar el impacto de CRISPR-Cas9 en la eliminación del provirus, la inhibición de la replicación viral y la generación de resistencias celulares. Se incluyeron veintidós artículos con resultados comprobados en modelos in vitro, in vivo y en un ensayo clínico inicial. Los hallazgos muestran que la edición dual de los LTR puede generar deleciones amplias del genoma viral, mientras que la disrupción de tat y rev inhibe de forma profunda la expresión y reactivación del provirus. Asimismo, la edición de CCR5 en células madre hematopoyéticas produce linajes resistentes a variantes R5, y las estrategias combinadas con el inhibidor C46 amplían la protección frente a virus X4. Sin embargo, la eficiencia de entrega in vivo, la variabilidad genética del VIH-1, la posibilidad de mutaciones de escape y el acceso limitado a reservorios anatómicos continúan siendo retos críticos. En conjunto, la evidencia disponible indica que CRISPR-Cas9 constituye una aproximación prometedora para el control molecular del VIH-1, aunque aún requiere mejoras en precisión, entrega y seguridad antes de su implementación clínica.