Curtiss-Wright (United States)

Abstract This study evaluates the impact of laser peening and shot peening on the mechanical, microstructural, and tribological properties of Inconel 625. Indentation and dry sliding tests were employed to investigate local mechanical properties and tribological enhancements resulting from the surface engineering techniques. Advanced electron microscopy techniques were utilized to study the surface morphology, chemical composition, and microstructure of specimens before and after the surface treatments and following tribological tests. The results demonstrate significant enhancements in near-surface microhardness following laser peening and shot peening treatments. The highest microhardness was observed in the shot peened specimen, while the highest macrohardness was observed in the laser peened specimen, highlighting deeper effects of the laser peening process. Electron microscopy analyses revealed notable lattice distortion and strain, elevated dislocation densities, and the formation of planar slip bands following shot peening and laser peening, with the deepest microstructural modifications and subsequent enhancements in mechanical properties observed in the laser peened specimen. Wear track images confirm abrasion and adhesion to be the dominant wear mechanisms for all specimens. While no noticeable change in the coefficient of friction was observed for all specimens, notable decreases in the wear rate were observed following laser peening and shot peening, with the laser peened specimen exhibiting the best resistance to wear. These findings provide useful quantitative and qualitative comparative insights into the outcomes of employing laser peening and shot peening to treat Inconel 625 and contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed microstructural and mechanical improvements.

Abstract This paper will present the design, manufacturing, testing and validation of the canned motor pump (CMP) as an alternative to typical electric submersible pump (ESP) systems to produce oil and gas with the goal of developing a robust system to extend the ESP run-life. The CMP technology is a seal-less topology currently employed in demanding applications including highly abrasive radioactive slurry service. This subsea system leveraged knowhow developed in other demanding applications and is adapted for ESP caisson applications. The canned motor ESP development included mockups to validate design features and manufacturing processes. A CMP system was manufactured and tested at the vendor's facility with water and at the end user's test facility with multiphase and viscous fluids. Unit validation included rigorous multiphase testing with fluid viscosities ranging from 2 cP up to 300 cP and varying gas volume factions at different speeds. The typical electric submersible pump has an average run life of approximately 2.5 years in subsea caisson applications. Root Cause Failure Analysis (RCFA) on current ESP systems has revealed that a majority of failures result from the protector seal and motor. The main function of the seal section is to protect the motor and thrust bearings from contamination by the process fluid. The CMP seal-less technology eliminates the need for a protector seal section and dielectric fluid by isolating the wound stator with a corrosion resistant liner and a thrust bearing system that operates in process fluid. This paper will include test data results from thrust bearing testing in varying conditions including multiphase fluid to demonstrate robustness and unit performance test results from testing in water and multiphase fluid with varying viscosities. The canned motor ESP provides a new approach for subsea caisson applications by eliminating the protector seal section and incorporating process lubricated thrust bearings. This paper will share background, learnings, and results that demonstrate that the canned motor pump technology is ready for deployment in a subsea ESP caisson.

Retrospective matched cohort study. Understanding biological aging in adult spinal deformity (ASD) across different populations offers insights into its impact on aging and potential interventions. ASD significantly impacts physiological health and may accelerate biological aging. Understanding biological aging in ASDs across different populations offers insights into ASD's impact on aging and potential interventions. ASDs and norms from Japan (JP) and the United States (US) were included. The US norm consisted of 8751 adults from NHNES 2017 to 2020; the JP norm comprised 10,205 adults from health check-ups between 2020 and 2023. Age- and gender-matched norm cohorts of 6584 pairs (JP vs. US) were established (age: 55±13 vs . 55±14yr; female: 49 vs. 50%). ASD were age-, race-, and gender-matched to norm individuals in JP (159 pairs) and the US (132 pairs). In addition, 81 pairs of ASDs from JP and the US were selected for cross-country comparisons. JP was biologically younger than US [PhenoAge: mean difference (MD) -6.5±0.3yr, P <0.01]. When comparing JP and US Asians, JP remained biologically younger (MD: -3.1±0.7yr, P <0.01), suggesting lifestyle differences. JP ASDs were biologically older than their norms (MD: 4.2±1.7yr, P =0.02), indicating accelerated aging. However, no significant difference was observed between ASDs and the norms in the US. No significant difference in PhenoAge was found between JP and US ASDs (57.9±18.4 vs. 59.6±17.6yr, P =0.56). ASDs in both countries exhibited higher systemic inflammation, with US ASDs showing particularly elevated CRP levels (US ASD vs. norm: 2.8±8.5 vs. 0.4±0.8mg/dL, P <0.01; JP: 0.5±1.3 vs. 0.2±0.4mg/dL, P <0.01). JPs are biologically younger than their US counterparts, potentially due to lifestyle factors. JP ASDs exhibit accelerated biological aging compared with the norm cohort, highlighting the impact of ASD on aging. Elevated systemic inflammation in ASDs underscores the importance of managing inflammatory processes.

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;Curtiss-Wright has developed an advanced, open system approach to Vehicle Electronics, based on our vast experience in providing military electronics to many programs for ground, sea, and air platforms. This experience has provided Curtiss-Wright with a unique understanding of key architectural concepts which provide for highly successful implementation of specific Vehicle Electronics suites to meet Ground Combat System program and platform requirements. This paper describes a Common Vehicle Electronics Architecture and key architectural concepts. The Network Centric Reference Architecture incorporates Open Systems approaches and leverages Commercial-off-the-Shelf (COTS) components. Some key concepts discussed include Interoperability, Risk Mitigation, Upgradeability / Obsolescence Mitigation, Scalability, Space, Weight and Power, and Cost (SWaP-C) optimization, as well as enabling technologies. Correlation with the emerging VICTORY Architecture is shown in the Network Centric Reference Architecture. General descriptions of the building blocks are provided, and sample applications of the architecture are discussed.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;title&gt;ABSTRACT&lt;/title&gt; &lt;p&gt;This paper will define a number of levels of abstracted cloud computing for vehicles. First, the transition from current architectures of dedicated hardware to basic dedicated virtualization of processes with hardware defined networks will be detailed using Commercial-of-the-Shelf (COTS) hardware and operating systems available now. Second, the transition to cloud-based processes with hardware defined networks will be detailed using the same hardware baseline. Third, the transition to software defined networks will be shown using the same hardware baseline. Once this new baseline of cloud based processing is detailed on existing hardware, the diffusion of the cloud onto an increased number of more SWaP-C optimized processing elements (specifically, ARM) will be shown. Each level of abstraction will be rated with a number of figures of merit and correlation to vehicle metrics / capabilities. A clear roadmap towards implementation will be shown, with defined phases to adapt and mature technologies to implement cloud computing in military vehicles.&lt;/p&gt;

The recurrence of high order dimensionless ratios of the physical and cosmological parameters had for long fascinated scientists, Paul Dirac was one of the first to notice this, and after him this phenomena was named (Dirac large number hypothesis), where he tried to explain such a recurrence in terms of varying gravitational constant Here, we will discuss some of the physical cosmological parameters and their ensuing large number ratios and relate them to each other using concepts developed in the theoretically oriented (quanton based model of field interactions).

Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) are the major contributors to education policies and curriculum choices in schools. STEAM has been mainly applied and addressed to the preschools, schools and predominantly in high schools. It has played a major role in the overall development of the students and nowadays, is being applied to the Higher Education Institutes (HEIs). The major drawback in the STEAM field is found out to be the discrimination of women in STEAM fields and it has lead to a lot of negative effects on the society. The research focuses on the students’ perspective of women in STEAM fields and a lot of discussions are done to understand the reasons behind the disparity. Both urban and rural backgrounds were considered for the discussion to understand the kind of support and equality, the learning environment and in the STEAM field professions. Many constraints for women in STEAM fields are taken into consideration like lack of equality, safety problems, financial constraints and pay gap with the male counterparts. Lately, there are some visible changes in the mindset of parents irrespective of different backgrounds. The curtains of old traditions and restrictions are slowly but definitely are opening and the girls have the urge to learn, compete and to take responsibly even in unconventional branches of engineering like automobile and aeronautical. But still, a lot of women graduate in STEAM fields but fail to make a successful career out of it. A lot of statistical data from PISA is also taken into consideration for the research.

Research in Bare Machine Computing has experienced significant changes over the years. As a result of the recent events of the pandemic and the need for remote learning, the Bare Machine Internet (BMI) as part of the Bare Machine Computing (BMC) paradigm experienced further studies. This research created tools to examine the internals of the protocols, memory, and scripts as a BMI became feasible. With the increased visualization in teaching Computer Science and remote learning, these features created with the BMI were considered efficacious in Computer Science Education (CSE) BMC/BMI is used in programming applications to run directly on a device. The paradigm is software that runs directly against the hardware using CPU, Memory, and I/O. The software application runs without an Operating System and resident mass storage. An essential part of the BMC paradigm is the Bare Machine Internet. It utilizes an Application Development model software that interfaces directly with the network and file servers&#x0027; hardware. Because it is &#x201C;bare,&#x201D; it is a powerful teaching and research tool that can readily display the internals of the network protocols, software, and hardware of the applications running on the Bare Server. The research demonstrated that the bare server was accessible by laptop and smartphone/android. The purpose was to show the further practicality of Bare Internet in Computer Engineering and Computer Science Education and Research. It also showed that an undergraduate student could use a bare server with any device and browser at any release version connected to the internet. This paper presents the Bare Web Server as an educational tool. We will discuss possible applications of this paradigm.