D A Pandu Memorial RV Dental College and Hospital

BACKGROUNDOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a frequent cancer affecting the oral cavity. OSCC is usually preceded by occurrence of precursor lesions, which demonstrate a varying degree of malignant transformation potential. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a significant biological phenomenon that facilitates tumor growth and metastasis through the involvement of diverse epithelial and mesenchymal proteins. E-cadherin down regulation and over-expression of zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) has been reported in several cancers.AIMTo evaluate the role of E-cadherin and ZEB1 in oral leukoplakia and OSCC.METHODSA total of 60 cases i.e., oral leukoplakia/oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) (n = 30) and OSCC (n = 30) were included. Immunohistochemistry was performed utilizing two markers: E-cadherin and ZEB1. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare individual markers across the study groups. Spearman’s correlation was done followed by discriminant function analysis.RESULTSReduction in the expression E-cadherin and altered localization were noted from OED to OSCC. Overexpression of ZEB1 along with cytoplasmic accumulation was noted in OED, with marked expression in OSCC. ZEB1 epithelium intensity and ZEB1 connective tissue percentage contributed to the discriminant function with an accuracy of 85% for the classification of OED from OSCC.CONCLUSIONLoss of E-cadherin and up-regulation of ZEB1 from OED to OSCC, predisposes to induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Discriminant formulas are developed to classify cases of OED and OSCC with 85% accuracy.

The rapid increase in urban energy demand highlights the need for intelligent systems that reduce building peak loads without compromising occupant comfort. This study proposes EARS, an LSTM + DyPeS-EAR control framework designed to forecast and dynamically reconfigure building subsystems such as HVAC, lighting, and appliances. The LSTM model predicts short-term energy demand using environmental and occupancy data, while the DyPeS-EAR controller optimally adjusts loads in real time based on priority and comfort constraints. Simulations conducted on a six-zone commercial office building using EnergyPlus and Python demonstrate significant efficiency gains, achieving a 38% reduction in peak demand and a 30% decrease in daily energy consumption. Results confirm that integrating predictive learning with adaptive control enhances system responsiveness and grid stability. The proposed framework provides a scalable pathway for energy-aware smart buildings, supporting sustainable and cost-effective urban energy management.

Inter-VLAN communication is critical in enterprise networks but exposes vulnerabilities to data corruption, unauthorized access, and performance degradation. This paper presents a novel secure inter-VLAN communication system integrating authentication, data integrity verification via SHA-256 hashing, and dynamic permission controls enforced through a central router/controller. The system also incorporates real-time Quality of Service (QoS) monitoring to assess network performance metrics such as latency, throughput, and packet loss. A user-friendly graphical interface facilitates communication between VLAN agents and administrative policy management. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed system effectively detects and prevents data tampering while providing comprehensive performance insights with minimal impact on network efficiency. This solution bridges the gap between theoretical network security concepts and practical enterprise usability.

A full-arch implant-supported prosthesis impression through both digital and conventional methods is of interest. The use of digitalimpressions produced deviations which were much smaller when compared to conventional impression techniques. Data show that stereophotogrammetryobtained superior accuracy levels across the entire procedure. The deviations in digital impression results between anterior andposterior segments were higher in posterior areas. Thus, digital impressions met the requirements of clinical practice indicating theirpotential for use in complex implant procedures.

Establishment of an ideal contact and contour between adjacent and opposing teeth are of paramount clinical importance. It ensures the correct deflection of food and debris from the interproximal spaces called embrasures. This prevents food impaction, restoration overhanging, interproximal caries, and subsequent periodontal disease. Establishing an ideal contact is and has always been a challenging task for the clinician. However, a close-to-ideal contact can be recreated using matricing and matrix systems. This review article presents the various types of anterior and posterior matrix systems available, its classifications, indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages. It also indicates and explains the type of matrix to be used according to different clinical situations based on the category of caries.

An infectious environment is reported to hinder the process of pulp tissue regeneration by damaging the cells responsible for tissue formation, including stem cells in the periapical tissues. Therefore, a sterile environment is critical for pulp tissue regeneration, which can be achieved by copious irrigation and intracanal medicament(ICM) placement.This systematic review compares the effect of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and various antibiotic pastes, such as triple antibiotic paste (TAP), modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP), and double antibiotic paste (DAP),on dentin microhardness when used as ICMs. MeSH terms and specific keywords were used to search Scopus, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, and PubMed. In vitro studies that compared the impact of Ca(OH)2and antibiotic pastes, such as TAP, MTAP, and DAP,on dentin microhardness were included. Data from the included articles were extracted, and their quality was assessed using the revised Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies (QUIN) tool. Seven articles were included for the qualitative synthesis, and data were extracted from each. Within the scope of this systematic review, Ca(OH)2, an alternative ICM recommended by the American Association of EndodonticsGlossary of Endodontic Termsfor REPs, showed a lesser reduction in microhardness than TAP.DAP and MTAP caused a reduction in dentin microhardness compared to that of Ca(OH)2.

This research tries to explore the factors that contribute to forming attitudes towards micro-influencers on social media. We explore the antecedents through which social media influencers (SMIs) create image satisfaction and advertising trust leading to purchase intention. Taking a sample of 320 Instagram users in Gujarat state, India, the conceptual model was tested using Structural Equation Modelling on AMOS and SPSS statistical software. The study examined the hypothesis testing the attitudes of consumers (image satisfaction and advertising trust) towards SMIs. It was hypothesised that three variables, namely attractiveness, originality and expertise positively affect attitudes of consumers. Through analysis, it was found that all hypotheses were supported except two. Expertise did not impact image satisfaction significantly, and advertising trust did not impact purchase intention significantly. A complete theoretical framework is presented based on the influence of micro-influencers who are increasingly being used for advertising and marketing. This study provides a thorough understanding of the variables influencing purchasing intention, which benefits both academics and practitioners.