Dalat University

This article studies the current state of inclusive education for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in several primary schools in Ho Chi Minh City. The research focuses on evaluating the level of inclusive education implementation, the awareness and competence of teachers, and the support available to students with ASD in the school environment. The results show that inclusive education has received attention and implementation, but some difficulties still exist, such as limitations in teachers’ expertise, lack of support resources, and ineffective coordination between schools and families. Therefore, this paper proposes several measures to improve the effectiveness of inclusive education for children with autism spectrum disorder in primary schools.

Chuối Già lùn (Musa AAA) là loại trái cây hô hấp đột biến, có cường độ trao đổi chất cao nên nhanh hư hỏng và giảm chất lượng và thời gian lưu trữ. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá hiệu quả của chế phẩm nano nhũ tương tinh dầu sả kết hợp với chitosan (nano TDS-Chi), một lớp phủ sinh học, nhằm kéo dài thời gian bảo quản. Chế phẩm gồm 0,05% nhũ tương tinh dầu sả dạng nano và 1,0% chitosan, được áp dụng theo ba phương pháp: phun trước thu hoạch (TTH), nhúng sau thu hoạch (STH) và kết hợp cả hai (TTH + STH), so sánh với đối chứng không xử lý. Kết quả cho thấy nano TDS-Chi làm chậm đáng kể các biến đổi sinh lý, sinh hóa của quả chuối sau thu hoạch. Trong đó, nghiệm thức TTH + STH cho hiệu quả cao nhất, kéo dài bảo quản đến 20 ngày ở 25 °C. Các chỉ tiêu chất lượng được cải thiện rõ rệt: tỷ lệ hao hụt khối lượng 8,62%, tổng chất rắn hòa tan đạt cực đại 18,71%, hàm lượng acid hữu cơ duy trì 0,18%, đỉnh hô hấp đạt 50,68 mL CO₂·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹, và cường độ sản sinh ethylene 15,73 µl C₂H₄·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹. Kết quả này khẳng định tiềm năng ứng dụng của nano TDS-Chi như một giải pháp bảo quản sinh học thân thiện với môi trường, góp phần giảm tổn thất sau thu hoạch và nâng cao giá trị kinh tế cho sản phẩm chuối Già lùn.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) plays a pivotal role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes as an important glucose-regulating enzyme.We evaluated the molecular interactions between 13 major aromatic compounds from Cinnamomi ramulus and DPP4 enzyme through molecular docking simulation and molecular dynamics.The results showed that the studied compounds exhibited a wide range of docking energies with DPP4, in which benzyl benzoate was the most promising compound with a docking energy of -7.4 kcal/mol, which was comparable with that of saxagliptin and alogliptin.Detailed analysis revealed that hydrophobic interactions (three-eight interactions/complex) and hydrogen bonds (three-five bonds in some complexes) played major roles in stabilizing the complexes.Molecular dynamics simulation results demonstrated ligand selectivity for the DPP4 receptor, with only four out of 13 tested compounds stabilizing at the interaction site.Evaluation results of the method using Lipinski's rule showed that all compounds met four-five criteria for drug-likeness, indicating potential for drug development.These results provide the first scientific evidence of the potential molecular mechanism of cinnamon bark in the treatment of type 2 diabetes through DPP4 inhibition.

This study explores the emerging landscape of digital leadership competencies among school principals in Southeast Asia, focusing on how they navigate the challenges and opportunities of educational digital transformation. Drawing upon Connectivism Theory (Siemens, 2005) and Transformational Leadership Framework (Bass & Avolio, 1994), the research investigates how school leaders develop, apply, and sustain digital competencies to enhance teaching, learning, and school management. A comparative qualitative case study was conducted in three Southeast Asian countries—Vietnam, Malaysia, and the Philippines—through semi-structured interviews with 18 principals and document analysis of institutional digital policies. Findings reveal three interrelated clusters of digital competencies: (1) digital communication and collaboration, (2) data-informed decision-making, and (3) e-learning integration and innovation. Despite shared regional aspirations toward modernization, the implementation of digital leadership practices varied due to contextual factors such as policy environment, institutional culture, and resource allocation. The study proposes a conceptual model of “Networked Digital Leadership,” highlighting the role of learning networks and digital ecosystems in shaping leadership practice. Implications are offered for leadership development programs and policy frameworks aiming to strengthen school digital capacity in the post-pandemic era.

Astaxanthin (ATX) is a potent antioxidant with broad biological activities, yet its poor water dispersibility, low stability, and high cost have markedly limited its practical utilization. Recently, lipid-based nanocarriers have emerged as promising delivery systems to enhance the efficiency of bioactive compounds in skin protection. In this study, enriched ATX extract fromHaematococcus pluvialis(ATXex) was encapsulated into nanoemulsions (NE-ATXex) and nanoliposomes (NL-ATXex) to evaluate radioprotective and wound healing effects throughin vitroandin vivostudies. NE-ATXex and NL-ATXex were prepared using high-shear homogenization and thin-film hydration, respectively, each followed by ultrasonication. Their biological activities were assessedin vitroby measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA double-strand breaks, and dead cells after x-ray exposure, as well as by scratch wound healing assays.In vivoactivities were further evaluated using mouse models of x-ray-induced skin damage and full-thickness excisional wounds. The results showed that nanocarrier formulations have high physical stability during storage and in culture medium. Treatment with NE-ATXex and NL-ATXex at ATX concentrations of 0.25-0.5 µg ml-1reduced intracellular ROS levels by approximately 80%, as well as DNA damage and cell death by around 50%, compared with cells exposed to 2 Gy X-irradiation. In addition, both formulations promoted scratch wound closure, reaching approximately 60% at 24 h and over 90% at 48 h. NE-ATXex at an ATX concentration of 0.5 µg ml-1showed notable cytoprotective effects, whereas NL-ATXex at the same concentration was more favorable for skin applications, specifically in tissue regeneration. NL-ATXex accelerated wound healing and promoted scar remodeling by regenerating hair follicles and adipocytes. Both nanocarriers enhanced skin radioprotection by reducing damage to epidermis, adipocytes, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands following cumulative X-irradiation at 30 Gy. These results highlight the skin protective potential of ATXex in lipid-based nanocarriers, supporting its promise for biomedical applications.

Modifying proteins through grafting with polyphenols has received much attention recently due to its immense application potential. This stems from the formation of protein-polyphenol complexes, altering the structural and functional properties of the constituent molecules. In food systems, the interaction between proteins and polyphenols, including covalent and non-covalent binding, represents a green, simple, and effective strategy to transform difficult-to-process protein sources into high-value functional ingredients. In addition, the complexes formed can increase stability, biological activity, and bioavailability of polyphenols, thereby expanding their applications. Gaining insight into protein-polyphenol complexes is essential for developing novel complexes, formulations, and other applications utilizing protein and natural polyphenols. Thus, this review outlines the binding affinities and interaction mechanisms, explains factors affecting complex formation, revisits structural modulation of protein, modern processing technologies, and systematically discusses the synergistic bioactivities of the resulting complexes. We also discuss strategies to address the applications of protein–polyphenol complexes for developing functional food products with prolonged shelf life. These applications can be expanded to other industrial areas, such as pharmaceuticals and material engineering, contributing towards better nutritional quality, beneficial healthy aspects, and sustainability.