Dean College

To evaluate basal-luminal cell of origin subtyping using Prediction Analysis of Microarray of 50 genes (PAM50) genomic classification profiles for predicting disease progression in men undergoing active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa). In the prospective Miami Active Surveillance Trial (MAST) trial, 205 men undergoing AS received serial multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biopsies, including MRI-targeted and systematic sampling. The highest-grade core from each biopsy was sent for expression profiling using Decipher, a clinical-grade transcriptome assay (Veracyte Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). Basal-luminal subtyping was evaluated using PAM50 molecular subtype models. PCa grade progression was compared across subtypes, as were gene mutation signatures, prognostic indices, and pathway activities. Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test, and multivariable Cox regression were used to assess association between PAM50 and grade progression. Heatmaps and volcano plots were rendered to illustrate potential mechanistical differences between PAM50 subtypes. Of the 205 patients, 128 had transcriptome data for baseline basal-luminal classification. PAM50 identified 46 Luminal A (LA), 26 Luminal B (LB), and 56 Basal subtypes. Decipher scores were lowest in LA, followed by Basal, and highest in LB. Grade progression-free survival was worse in patients with the LB subtype (median 1.7 years) compared to those with LA and Basal subtypes (median 2.9 years; log-rank P = 0.005); LB patients had grade progression-free survival of 34% by 24 months of AS, compared to 63% for Basal or 68% for LA. Transcriptome analysis showed distinct enrichment profiles for each subtype, with LB strongly associated with SPOP and CHD1 mutations. Limitations include small sample size and single-institution setting. The PAM50 basal-luminal subtyping shows promise as a molecular classification tool for predicting progression risk in PCa. This is one of the only prospective studies evaluating PAM50 subtyping for predicting cancer progression in a cohort of men undergoing AS for PCa.

Abstract Background: Endothelial Glycocalyx (EG) composing of proteoglycans heparan sulfate (HS), Syndecan-1, and plasma proteins forms a physiologically active surface layer on the vascular endothelium, regulates oncotic pressure. We aimed to compare the effects of two different fluid transfusion regimens on EG. Methods : 41 patients with ASA I-III physical status were included in this prospective, randomized controlled study. We collected blood samples before anesthesia induction and after surgery to measure hemoglobin-hematocrit levels and biochemical parameters. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 15 minutes perioperatively. We divided the patients into two groups: Group R received 3 ml/kg/h, and Group L received 8 ml/kg/h of Ringer's lactate infusion. To assess endothelial damage, HS and Syndecan-1 levels, blood samples were taken after anesthesia induction(T1), after pneumonectomy or lobectomy(T2), and at the end of surgery(T3). Results : Demographic characteristics, blood loss, and urine output were similar between the groups(p>0.05). Preoperative and postoperative hemodynamic parameters, hemoglobin/hematocrit levels, BUN, and creatinine values were also similar (p>0.05) but the amount of fluid administered was significantly different(p<0.001). Syndecan-1 and HS levels were showed no significant differences(p>0.05). Similarly, intra-group analysis of Syndecan-1 and HS levels at T1-T2, T2-T3, and T1-T3 showed no significant differences(p>0.05). Conclusions: Syndecan-1 and HS levels were similar between the groups supporting that both fluid regimens have similar effects on EG. Considering the preservation of biochemical parameters including renal function tests of the patients and the possible complications of hypervolemia such as anastomotic leakage, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, and wound infection after surgery, we believe that 3ml/kg/hr fluid administration may be more advantageous. Trial Registration : ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07192523): Registered on 10 June 2025 (retrospectively).

This study examined the innovative work environment and its relationship with the innovative work behavior of employees of the Community Rural Bank of Dapitan City, Inc. during calendar year 2024. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, involving 120 respondents. Weighted mean, standard deviation, and Spearman rank-order correlation (Spearman’s rho) were used for data analysis. Results indicated that employees perceived the innovative work environment as very high, while their innovative work behavior was assessed as high. Correlation analysis revealed a strong, positive, and statistically significant relationship between the innovative work environment and employees’ innovative work behavior. The findings may serve as a reference for the board of directors and managers in strengthening management strategies and workplace conditions that support innovative behavior among employees.

Purpose: This study looks at the "Human-Technology Paradox," where large investments in Analytics and Big Data do not always lead to better investment outcomes. The research shifts focus from just the accuracy of algorithms to the important role of Human Analytical Skills in investment decision-making. Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on a systematic review developed a conceptual model to explore how four independent variables—Financial Analytics Sophistication, Analytical Tools, Access to Diverse Data, and Data Quality—affect the quality of investment decisions, with Analytical Skills acting as a mediator. The study suggests a framework where technology is not a replacement but a tool that supports human intelligence. Findings: High-quality investment decisions happen only when analytics resources are designed to improve human skills. The research identifies five main hypotheses: the positive link between analytics sophistication and human skills; the role of tools in enhancing skills; the effect of data diversity on complex processing; the importance of data quality for skill effectiveness; and the direct connection between human skills and decision-making quality. Originality/Value: This paper addresses a notable gap in research by highlighting Human Analytical Skills as a vital link between advanced technology and strategic success. It offers a guide to move past merely adopting technology towards a model that promotes collaboration between humans and machines, ensuring that data-driven insights effectively lead to sustained profitability and strategic flexibility.

The advent of emerging technologies has transformed the field of bioinformatics, bringing knowledge to a deeper understanding of more intricate diseases. These new paradigms include multi-omics integration, network medicine, predictive genomics, explainable AI, large language models (LLMs), and pan-genome references, which collectively improve the discovery of disease mechanisms and biomarkers. These advancements hold the prospect of enhanced accuracy in diagnostic processes, identification of therapeutic targets, and individualized treatment. Disease etiology could be better understood through the integration of data from genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, single-cell information, and clinical metadata. Interpretable ML and explainable AI are capable of improving visibility and medical confidence. In the meantime, existing network biology and predictive genomics aid in the modeling of polygenic diseases. This paper summarizes the major trends based on the latest literature, assesses the biomedical potential, and identifies a series of potential issues related to computation, bias, and data integration, as well as the impact of these innovations on the future of precision medicine.

The substantial damage to homes and infrastructure in Australia rekindles the push for improved governance frameworks and adaptive policy measures. Coordinating efforts across federal, state, and local governments has proven challenging due to policy fragmentation, delayed responses, overlapping roles, and disparities in resource allocation. This study examines the strengths and weaknesses of Australia’s flood risk management (FRM) policies through a qualitative document analysis approach, comparing governance structures with international best practices from countries such as Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States. The findings highlight Australia’s strengths in collaborative governance, targeted funding mechanisms, and advanced technical resources such as flood mapping and real-time monitoring systems. However, key weaknesses include governance fragmentation, inconsistent policy implementation, and insufficient support for rural and regional councils. The study proposes a more integrated and adaptive governance framework incorporating cross-jurisdictional coordination, enhanced stakeholder engagement, and sustainable investment strategies. The results contribute to policy discussions on flood risk governance by offering recommendations for strengthening institutional resilience and improving disaster preparedness. By addressing governance inefficiencies and adopting international best practices, Australia can develop a more cohesive and adaptive FRM system to mitigate future flood risks.

A Associação Brasileira de Ouvidores/Ombudsman (ABO) completa 30 anos, sempre honrando sua finalidade precípua de congregar ouvidores e ombudsman em todo o Brasil. A trajetória da entidade se confunde com a história das ouvidorias no país, pois desde sua instituição é fiel ao objetivo de desenvolver, disseminar e fortalecer as ouvidorias, por meio da qualificação, capacitação e certificação de profissionais de organizações públicas e privadas, consolidando as ouvidorias como um instrumento da democracia, cidadania e cultura de paz. Desde 16 de março de 1995, ano da fundação da associação, muitas mudanças e desafios foram enfrentados. Porém, a essência da ABO e das ouvidorias, bem como sua representação social junto ao cidadão brasileiro, permanecem inalteradas, isto é, resgatar e qualificar os relacionamentos entre os cidadãos e as organizações. Cabe mencionar que nas últimas décadas a sociedade brasileira passou por inúmeras transformações que determinaram o redimensionamento de políticas públicas, com repercussão direta nas organizações públicas e privadas. Algumas dessas políticas propiciaram e ampliaram mecanismos de participação social fundamentados na Constituição Federal de 1988, com vistas ao aperfeiçoamento do regime democrático. As ouvidorias no Brasil se inserem precisamente no sistema constitucional de participação social. O ouvidor apresenta-se como um interlocutor entre o cidadão e as organizações, fortalecendo o sentido de participação, tanto por sua consolidação como canal de diálogo, como por sua expansão, motivada pelo reconhecimento, confiança e credibilidade da sociedade. Participação social pode ser entendida como um processo pelo qual indivíduos ou grupos organizados se envolvem na tomada de decisões e ações que afetam a comunidade, a sociedade, organizações e o Estado, com a finalidade de promover a cidadania e o desenvolvimento social. A participação social estimula a consciência crítica e a governança participativa, melhora a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos, reforça a justiça social e a igualdade de oportunidades. Participação social é, portanto, parte do processo de desenvolvimento de uma nação

With the development of Internet of Things communities, the complexity and scale of cyber security threats multiply swiftly in these intelligent cities and their connected digital infrastructure. As hybrid computing and cyber environment continue to develop, NGID systems become increasingly fragile because of their lack of adaptability and the ability to understand local context to accurately detect the cyber-attacks in dynamic cyber environment like cloud computing. The current work investigates the design and deployment of context-awareness intrusion detection systems (IDS) based on advanced artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to improve a security framework in smart city. Utilizing the real time environmental, network and user behavior data, the IDS models introduced here can optimize detection parameters as dynamic, to improve the anomaly recognition, false positives’ reduction and response time. The research is aiming at combining context information from multiple and diverse internet of things devices, and sensors, and communication networks, so as to enable AI algorithms to build a complete situational awareness model. Such context-aware processing enables the IDS to draw the borderline between normal operation and attacks more accurately. Machine learning techniques, like deep learning and reinforcement learning, can be used to continuously enhance the power of detection over adaptive leaning and build robustness against zero-day attacks and adaptive threats. In addition, the software architecture highlights fog computing for real-time threat detection and transmission from edge to network and it emphasizes a decentralized processing system at the edge of the network while maintaining data privacy. Experimental results, analyzed on several simulated smart city networks, clearly show that the context-aware AI-based IDS performs considerably better than traditional IDSs on detecting a variety of cyber threats like DDoS attacks, data breaches, and unauthorized access attempts. The results demonstrate the system's strength, scalability, and efficiency, which points a promising trend for securing the digital backbone of the future smart cities. This work paves the way for smarter, secure urban ecosystems by leveraging AI and context-awareness in the domain of cybersecurity.

Interruption of anticoagulation for a surgical procedure is individualized and based on balancing the risk of perioperative thromboembolism versus the risk of bleeding. Risk assessment for thromboembolism is based on the indication for anticoagulation and a variety of patient-specific factors. Bleeding risk assessment is also largely based on patient factors, such as age and comorbidities, but also the type of procedure being done. The post-operative bleeding risk of surgical procedures can be categorized as high-risk, low-to-moderate-risk, and minimal risk. Each risk category has unique recommendations regarding how long to hold anticoagulation prior to the procedure and when anticoagulation can be safely resumed. Lastly, the type of anticoagulant plays a role in the perioperative strategy based on the duration of action and onset of anticoagulation. Nurses play an important role in risk assessment, patient education, and administration and monitoring of anticoagulants in the perioperative setting.

An attempt has been made to address the iron and fiber deficiency in dairy products (lassi) by utilizing various levels of germinated sorghum flour and whey protein concentrate (WPC-80). Sorghum is one of the significant members among millets and WPC is one of major by-product of dairy industry. In this study, sorghum flour is utilized at 2, 3 or 4 per cent to optimize the product. The blended product at the 3 per cent (T2) awarded an overall acceptability score of 8.01, which was substantially higher than that of the control group (7.50). Thus, in comparison to the control group (0.00 mg of iron and fibre), T2 had 0.06 mg of fibre and 0.16 mg of iron. In contrast, WPC blended at 2 per cent level paired with 3 per cent sorghum flour awarded significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher overall acceptability score of 8.10 compared to control (8.01) and had higher amount of protein 4.28 per cent than control 2.71 per cent.