Dowling College

Conventional methods for identifying abnormal behaviors in students' classroom mainly focus on the analysis of students' behavior characteristics, and do not consider the problem of image data disturbance, which affects the accuracy of identifying abnormal behaviors. Therefore, a recognition method of students' abnormal behaviors in class based on Inception V3 is designed. Classroom abnormal behaviors are classified, students' classroom concentration is evaluated quantitatively, and a single factor identification matrix is established to meet the comprehensive needs of abnormal behaviors identification. Based on Inception V3, the identification model of students' abnormal behaviors in the classroom is constructed, and the characteristics of abnormal behaviors in the classroom are analyzed in depth using Inception V3 to ensure the accuracy of abnormal behaviors. Optimize the processing of students' classroom abnormal behavior recognition forward derivative, control the disturbance range of students' classroom behavior image data on a few pixel points of the image, optimize the processing of students' classroom abnormal behavior recognition forward derivative, so as to achieve accurate recognition of abnormal behavior. The contrast experiment verifies that the method has high recognition accuracy and can be applied to real life.

Parental decisions regarding infant sleep practices vary widely, resulting in a lack of adherence to the American Academy of Pediatrics safe sleep recommendations (SSR) and consequently an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Preterm infants are among those at a highest risk for SIDS, yet few studies focus on parental decision-making surrounding sleep practices for preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing decisions concerning infant sleep practices of mothers of preterm infants. This study used a mixed-methods design. Recruitment was through social media messaging by 2 parent support organizations. An online survey was used to assess factors influencing mothers' decisions regarding sleep practices for preterm infants. Survey participants (n = 98) were from across the United States. Mothers of preterm infants (mean gestational age at birth = 29.42 weeks) most often reported positioning infants on their back to sleep (92.3%) and a low (15.4%) use of a pacifier at sleep time. Three themes emerged for the decisions made: adherence to SSR; nonadherence to SSR; and infant-guided decisions. Regardless of the decision, mothers indicated that anxiety over the infant's well-being resulted in a need for sleep practices that facilitated close monitoring of the infant. The findings of this study indicate the need for understanding the underlying anxiety preventing mothers from adhering to SSR despite knowing them, along with tailoring infant sleep messaging and education to improve safety of sleep practices for preterm infants. Research is needed to examine decision making in more diverse populations.

Regulator-required public disclosures of net short positions do not provide a profitable investment signal for UK stocks. While long-short (zero initial outlay) portfolios based on this signal usually make a profit on average, it is rarely statistically significant in either gross or risk-adjusted terms. The issue is that the short sides of the portfolios make substantial losses. This is true even when using information in the trend in disclosures to form portfolios, rather than using the most recent disclosures, which is a more standard procedure. Unit initial outlay portfolios based on the disclosures that are allowed to take short positions do not reliably significantly outperform the market. Certain long-only unit initial outlay portfolios based on the disclosures do reliably significantly outperform the market. However, this out-performance is economically modest: about 1 percentage point a year in gross and risk-adjusted terms.

The ambition of this study is not simply to give a series of expository or critical commentaries that would guide readers, old and new, through the intricacies and conceptual innovations of Deleuze and Guattari’s vast work. Much more interestingly and importantly, it also seeks to interrogate the way in which Mille plateaux is an elaboration of ‘a new way of doing philosophy’ (p. 5), a work that commits itself to nothing less than a ‘reappraisal of the whole style of philosophical enquiry’ (p. 8). Bringing together Deleuze and Guattari’s foremost anglophone scholars and philosophical interlocutors, the contributions to this volume take one of the work’s ‘plateaux’ as its focus in order to show how each engages a series of specific problems or questions within philosophy, thereby demonstrating Mille plateaux’s innovation as an experimental and constructive technique of thought. At their best, the essays of this volume do not restrict themselves to demonstrating the apparent efficacy or descriptive power of Deleuze and Guattari’s metaphysics of multiplicity and its accompanying created concepts. Rather, these concepts are evaluated in terms of the fundamental philosophical questions they address and in this way they are opened out onto the wider domain of philosophy and its history and put into a mobile, productive, or critical relation to it. So, for instance, Ronald Bogue’s alignment of geo-philosophy with thought of the Stoics and Cynics, or Henry Somers-Hall’s philosophical re-appraisal of smooth and striated space through engagements with, among others, Plato, Descartes, Bergson, and Merleau-Ponty, demonstrate clearly that Deleuzo-Guattarian concepts still have much potential to illuminate and further develop fundamental philosophical questions. As Jeffrey A. Bell’s essay on linguistics also clearly shows, they also have a huge power in relation to fundamental critical re-evaluations of existing non-philosophical disciplines such as Chomskian linguistics. Emma Ingala’s piece on the ritornello and John Protevi’s chapter on the Body-without-Organs are among the essays in this volume that give useful and sober reminders that Mille plateaux at no point encourages us ‘to completely abandon identity and embrace an unrecognisable difference’ (p. 203). Rather, as Eugene Holland and Daniel W. Smith admirably demonstrate, concepts such as micropolitics or ‘the apparatus of capture’ encourage and facilitate more nuanced and careful analysis of events, processes, and structures. More importantly still, the contributions included in this volume do not always restrict themselves to uncritical assimilation of Deleuze and Guattari’s metaphysical concepts, a tendency that at its worst can lead to a monotonous instrumentalization, or as Simon O’Sullivan puts it, ‘the worst kind of scholarly capture’ of their thinking (p. 177). Ray Brassier’s concluding chapter offers an extremely impressive account of the role played by abstract machines in Deleuze and Guattari’s thought and represents a significant critical-philosophical engagement with Mille plateaux’s most fundamental assumptions and commitments. Along with many of the essays in this volume, Brassier demonstrates the ongoing relevance and importance of Deleuze and Guattari’s at once singular and multiple work.

This book offers analysis of the making of the kingdom of the English in the tenth century, organised around a firmly stated argument. The author has in his sights the work of James Campbell and Patrick Wormald on the sophistication of the late Anglo-Saxon state, to which the book is presented as a rejoinder. Whereas Campbell emphasised the antiquity of many governmental structures, and Wormald regarded Alfred as the founding figure, Molyneaux makes the case for seeing Edgar’s reign as the key period of administrative change by associating his rule with a package of innovations. Some of these are well attested and known, notably the coinage reform of c.973, the promotion of Benedictine monasticism and the appointment of agents of southern origin to high office at York. But Molyneaux also makes the case for associating Edgar with developments the chronology of which has been debated: namely, the formation of midlands shires, the full establishment of the system of hundreds and wapentakes, and the emergence of the shire court and shire-reeve. The effect of these claims, as Molyneaux presents them, is to qualify Campbell’s view of late Anglo-Saxon government in respect of chronology: the emergence of structures engaging intensively with the mass of the population was, Molyneaux argues, the outcome of reforms under Edgar, and did not antedate his reign. Moreover, Molyneaux enlists his administrative analysis in a further argument against Wormald on the importance of ‘English’ political identity. Whereas Wormald emphasised the role of a nascent sense of ‘English’ identity as a pre-condition for unity, Molyneaux argues that standardised administrative practices in the territory ruled by Alfred’s successors emerged only in the second half of the tenth century, and that the consolidation of ‘English’ political identity may be best explained as a consequence of Edgar’s rule.

Abstract Europeans have long justified a right to something or other by invoking ‘prescription’ (that is, the creation of a legal entitlement by the passage of time). Yet for all the importance of prescription in the creation of international geopolitical order, no genealogy of the idea has emerged from historical or legal scholarship. This article will explore the relationship between prescription and empire within private, public, corporate, and ecclesiastical legal contexts. The idea of prescription is then considered within the specific ideological context of European imperialism between 1580 and 1640, when a series of diplomatic disputes and intellectual debates were had in Europe principally regarding maritime navigation and foreign dominion by ‘donation’. The metamorphosis of prescription in legal and political thought from Justinian (483–565) to Hugo Grotius (1583–1645) is therefore explored. Additional colour is given to this intellectual history by contrasting how corporate interests in North America attempted to justify their foreign land holdings in forts, ports, and hinterland by invoking ‘prescription’ during the early stages of colonial expansion. The case will be made for historians of early modern imperialism and international law to take closer notice of the opportunism of those prepared to justify prescription in theory and practice.

This is a strange book in various respects. Whereas the title might suggest a contribution to the long-standing debate over the production of charters in later Anglo-Saxon England, the book does not mobilise fresh argument in this area, and in reality has narrower concerns. The main purpose of its author, Ben Snook, is to explore the literary dimensions of charters in a period in which ambitious ‘hermeneutic’ Latin was extensively employed within the charter form. Quite why this elevated, convoluted register came to dominate the language of charters is an important question, and one which connects with some important political and cultural processes: evolving modes of Latinity, the character of court culture, the large-scale expansion of West Saxon rule in the course of the tenth century and the political implications of the monastic reform movement. Snook’s account shows awareness of these broader contexts, but they are largely present in summary form. The majority of the discussion offers a general overview of the production of charters, and often rehearses familiar ground at the expense of more fully developing an overall position. Prone to lapses of tone, the prose has a tendency to distract the reader at important points of evaluation.

Abstract Epicarideans, parasitic isopods found in and on other crustaceans, are cryptic in nature. Detecting and collecting these parasites can be difficult and requires special techniques. The present paper reviews these techniques, providing helpful information on locating the isopods and isolating them from their hosts. In addition, information on preservation of these animals is provided. Using these methods, ecologists and other researchers could provide critical material for future studies on the life histories and evolutionary relationships of these parasites.

One of the lesser-known consequences of the revocation of the edict of Nantes by Louis XIV in 1685 was a remarkable episode in the early Enlightenment in England. Removal of freedom of conscience f...