Duy Tan University

A multi-objective optimization framework is developed for designing a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for Hormuz Island, integrating photovoltaic, wind, lithium-ion battery, proton-exchange-membrane electrolyzer-tank-fuel-cell, and a standby diesel generator. Real meteorological and demand data are employed to minimize the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and Net Present Cost (NPC) while maximizing the Renewable Energy Fraction (REF) and system resilience. The optimization integrates multiple conflicting techno-economic and environmental objectives through a TOPSIS-guided multi-criteria framework, where a scalar closeness coefficient is used as the fitness function within the search process, without explicit Pareto-front construction. Results indicate that, compared with the diesel baseline, the optimized configuration achieves an LCOE of 0.139 USD kWh −1 , a 38.6 % reduction in NPC, a REF of 87 %, and nearly 89 % GHG mitigation. The discount rate exhibits the highest sensitivity, inducing ± 14.8 % variability in NPC and ± 9.2 % in LCOE, followed by battery CAPEX (±9.5 % NPC) and PV CAPEX (±7.1 %). Resilience evaluation under 10 % PV and 20 % hydrogen-storage perturbations confine the Loss-of-Load Probability to ≤ 2 %, confirming robust operation under adverse climatic fluctuations. Life-cycle assessment demonstrates approximately 20 % reduction in CO 2 -equivalent emissions, while techno-economic analysis indicates about 15 % reduction in total energy cost relative to conventional diesel supply. The proposed configuration provides a replicable blueprint for off-grid, climate-vulnerable islands seeking reliable and low-carbon electrification pathways.

Burnout among Algerian public healthcare workers remains understudied despite staffing shortages, limited resources, and heavy workloads. The present study examined the prevalence and predictors of burnout, focusing on self-compassion and communication skills. A cross-sectional survey of 387 practitioners from public hospitals used validated Arabic measures: Burnout Assessment Tool-Short Version, Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, and Health Professionals Communication Skills Scale-Short Form. Practitioners aged 31-40 reported the highest burnout and exhaustion (p<0.05). Females showed greater exhaustion than males (p<0.05). Emergency/ICU/surgery staff reported lower burnout (p<0.05). Burnout correlated positively with self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification, and negatively with empathy, respect, and social skills (p<0.05). In regressions, self-judgment (β=0.21) and over-identification (β=0.12) predicted burnout, while empathy (β=-0.14) and social skills (β=-0.10) were protective. Self-judgment was the strongest risk factor, while empathy and social skills were protective. Interventions fostering self-compassion and communication skills may help reduce burnout.