Estonian Association for Applied Linguistics

Is shown that a radiating charge moving in a constant uniform magnetic field has an approximated trajectory that copies the Euler spiral. Is made a classical study for the motion with some plausible approximations. By comparing the graph of Cornu’s spiral, which is considered not from the initial point, but from an advanced point to satisfy the initial conditions, and the image obtained with the bubble chamber, a strong correspondence can be seen. This simple result is the springboard for an exact result in which starting from a formula adapted to overcome the inconsistencies of the current formulas for the radiation reaction force, one obtains again the same result presented in this article as a limiting case. This suggests that the new formula can describe the phenomenon of the radiation reaction force with more accuracy, combined with the fact that the new formula, which I hope to be able to present in a future article, provides in other cases of motion without the magnetic field, quite plausible results.

今回，基礎疾患を急性膵炎とする播種性血管内凝固（症候群）（DIC）の診療ガイドラインを作成した．作成に当たり，まず文献の検索，抽出，採択を実施したが，この領域には病態・診断・治療に関する質の高いエビデンスが乏しく，明確なClinical Questionの設定や推奨の提示には至らなかった．そこで，エビデンスレベルは低いながらも興味深い報告や論文にまで範囲を広げて検討を行ったが，やや古い文献や記載が不十分な報告も含まれた点が課題であった．今回の結果を踏まえ，この領域ではまず，DICに関連した項目を含む急性膵炎のレジストリー研究や，日本における敗血症のレジストリー研究から膵炎症例を抽出したpost hoc解析，大規模リアルワールドデータ（RWD）を用いた研究が求められる．勿論，ランダム化比較試験（RCT）の構築が理想だが，実施には倫理的・費用的課題も多く，現時点ではRWDを活用した解析が現実的と考えられる．今後の質の高い臨床研究の蓄積が望まれる．

BackgroundTeledermatoscopy accuracy has been examined in experimental settings and is recommended for primary care despite lacking real-world implementation evidence. A teledermatoscopy service has been provided in Estonia since 2013, where lesions are evaluated based on the patient’s or general practitioner’s suggestion.ObjectiveThe management plan and diagnostic accuracy of a real-world store-and-forward teledermatoscopy service for melanoma diagnosis were evaluated.MethodsA retrospective study analyzed 4748 cases from 3403 patients using the service between October 16, 2017 and August 30, 2019 by matching country-wide databases. Management plan accuracy was calculated as the percentage of melanoma found that was managed correctly. Diagnostic accuracy parameters were sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values.ResultsManagement plan accuracy for melanoma detection was 95.5% (95% CI, 77.2-99.9). Diagnostic accuracy showed a sensitivity of 90.48% (95% CI, 69.62-98.83) and a specificity of 92.57% (95% CI, 91.79-93.31).LimitationsMatching the lesions was limited to SNOMED CT location standard precision. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated based on a combination of diagnosis and management plan data.ConclusionTeledermatoscopy for detecting and managing melanoma in real-world clinical practice displays results comparable with those in experimental setting studies.

The coordination between system operators is a key element for the decarbonization of the power system. Over the past few years, many EU-funded research projects have addressed the challenges of Transmission System Operators (TSO) and Distribution System Operators (DSO) coordination by implementing different data exchange architectures. This paper presents a review of the ICT architectures implemented for the main coordination schemes demonstrated in such projects. The main used technologies are analyzed, considering the type of data exchanged and the communication link. Finally, the paper presents the different gaps and challenges on TSO-DSO coordination related to ICT architectures that must still be faced, paying especial attention to the expected contribution of the EU-funded OneNet project on this topic.

This research study focused on the business models related to the circular economy of the four industries and their enablers and barriers have been studied. The research was conducted from September to December 2021 in Estonia by Tallinn University of Technology Sustainable Value Chain Management Working Group for the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications. The industries covered by the study were: 1) the computer, electronic and optical equipment industries; 2) chemicals and chemical industry, except plastics industry; 3) the electrical equipment industry; 4) metal industry.

Surgery is the treatment of choice for perforated peptic ulcer disease. The aim of the present review was to compare the perioperative outcomes of acute laparoscopic versus open repair for peptic ulcer disease. A systematic literature search was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. The search included eight RCTs: 615 patients comparing laparoscopic (307 patients) versus open peptic perforated ulcer repair (308 patients). Only few studies reported the Boey score, the Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation score, and the Mannheim Peritonitis Index. In the RCTs, there is a significant heterogeneity about the gastric or duodenal location of peptic ulcer and perforation size. All trials were with high risk of bias. This meta-analysis reported a significant advantage of laparoscopic repair only for postoperative pain in first 24 hours (-2.08; 95% confidence interval, -2.79 to -1.37) and for postoperative wound infection (risk ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.66). An equivalence of the other clinical outcomes (postoperative mortality rate, overall reoperation rate, overall leaks of the suture repair, intra-abdominal abscess rate, operative time of postoperative hospital stay, nasogastric aspiration time, and time to return to oral diet) was reported. In this meta-analysis, there were no significant differences in most of the clinical outcomes between the two groups; there was less early postoperative pain and fewer wound infections after laparoscopic repair. The reported equivalence of clinical outcomes is an important finding. These results parallel the results of several other comparisons of open versus laparoscopic general surgery operations-equally efficacious with lower rates of wound infection and improvement in some measures of enhanced speed or comfort in recovery. Notably, the trials included have been published throughout a considerable time span during which several changes have occurred in most health care systems, not least a widespread use of laparoscopy and increase in the laparoscopic skills. Systematic review and meta-analysis, level III.

The European Commission's proposals to adjust public intervention, diminish the costs of support and ultimately end support, raised the investors' concerns. Would the cut in the feed-in tariff stop invertors from investing and which effect will be on the already decided investment projects? In order to understand what impact this cut can have, it is important to analyze the profitability of the investments with and without subsidies, taking different uncertainties into account.