Finlandia University

The current trend for open data allows online access to thousands of Akkadian texts. This substantially changes the way, linguistic, philological, and socio-historical research on ancient West Asia is undertaken. One outcome of the easy access is a much decreased usage of the major Akkadian dictionaries. Based on a specific case study, the semantic field of ‘the foreign other,’ I showcase the immense potential of the digitized versions of the Chicago Assyrian Dictionary (CAD) and the Akkadisches Handwörterbuch (AHw) for accessing ancient data on socio-historical issues. Even a basic search including one feedback loop yields more than 80 different way of expressing ‘foreign otherness’ via synonymic lexemes, negated antonyms, compounds and circumscriptions as well as structural means and oblique references. However, the workflow for accessing the dictionary data is exceedingly labourious in its currently available print and digitized formats. Here, the currently available online tools have many advantages, especially regarding performance issues, in part also with regard to content access. By exemplifying the advantages and limitations of the various online tools and the potential of using them in tandem with the major dictionaries, I highlight how the combination of the various assets could benefit the design of the new digital Leipzig Akkadian Dictionary.

Las comunidades urbanas marginadas del sur global enfrentan graves desafíos de salud pública debido al cambio climático. Esta investigación examina los daños y pérdidas en salud en la comunidad de Linda Vista, La Unión, Costa Rica. Con un enfoque teórico-crítico, se contrastó información científica y datos públicos con el conocimiento local, enmarcado en un estudio de caso. El diseño incluyó: a) revisión documental, b) caracterización comunitaria c) recolección de datos primarios a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con expertos y representantes locales y un grupo focal comunitario, y d) análisis y sistematización de la información mediante categorización temática. Los resultados muestran que la comunidad es altamente vulnerable por factores sociodemográficos y ambientales, como alta densidad poblacional y geografía irregular que propicia deslizamientos e inundaciones. Las entrevistas revelaron que las lluvias intensas y el calor extremo son los problemas climáticos principales, afectando la calidad del aire, la seguridad hídrica y alimentaria, y aumentando enfermedades transmitidas por vectores. La capacidad de los sistemas de salud es limitada y las políticas públicas no abordan adecuadamente la relación entre salud y clima. La investigación concluye que la comunidad es consciente de las afectaciones a su salud, aunque no siempre vincula estas con el cambio climático. Se necesita colaboración intersectorial y fortalecimiento de las políticas públicas para mejorar la acción climática y sus beneficios en salud.

Yapay zeka ve hemşirelik ile ilgili tartışmaların genel olarak robotların gelecekte hemşirelerin yerini alacağı ve bunun sağlık bakımı konusunda oluşturabileceği etik ikilimler ile sınırlı kaldığı görülmektedir. Dönüşen sağlık sisteminde hem hizmet sağlayıcıların hem de hizmet alanların teknolojik temelli bireyselleştirilmiş bakıma yönelik artan beklentileri, hemşirelerin yapay zeka uygulamalarını tanımalarını ve bu sürece dahil olmalarını her geçen gün daha gerekli hale getirmektedir. Dolayısı ile yapay zeka ve hemşirelik bağlamında tartışılan konuların sınırlarını genişletmek ve mevcut ihtiyaca yönelik farklı bir bakış açısı geliştirmek önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede hemşirelik eğitimi ve hemşirelik süreci perspektifinden yapay zeka uygulamalarına ilişkin farkındalığı artırmak, hemşirelik süreci ve yapay zeka ilişkisini farklı bir noktadan yakalamak, ve hemşirelerin, eğitim sürecinden itibaren yapay zeka uygulamalarının geliştirilme ve kullanılma sürecine nasıl dahil olabileceklerine ilişkin yaklaşımların sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Presidential legacies are constructed, and for the Republican Party perhaps no figure has benefitted from mythology, hagiography, and misremembrances than Ronald Wilson Reagan. Popularly, America’s 40th President is frequently remembered as residing over a massive economic upswing, restoring faith in the American military, and ushering in the end of the Cold War—combining to construct an image of a beloved, even visionary leader. Looking back at popular culture from the 1980s, however, paints a very different picture. From Reagan’s relationship with the press, his shortcomings acknowledging struggles in the African American community, to his near-legacy shattering handling of the Iran Contra crisis, 1980s popular culture helps to remind us that Reagan was not so nearly beloved as today’s pundits would have us believe.

If viewed from a geographical perspective, Finland is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. A quarter of its territory falls within the Arctic Arctic Ocean Circle. Therefore, the population of this small country must be able to maximize the use of all its psychological and physical potential to maintain and prosper their lives. The country has an area of ​​338,145 km with a population of around 5,518,371 inhabitants and adheres to the socialist (Luthrean-communist) philosophy. Before 1990 Finland relied on the country's income in the agricultural sector, but now Finland is famous as one of the world's technology centers. Finland is able to produce students who are superior compared to students in America in the fields of Science and Mathematics. Like other countries in Europe Finland also adheres to pragmaticism. Religious education is the responsibility of each parent. The Finnish government does not charge tuition fees to its citizens. The core curriculum is handled by tripartite training committees (government, industry and education and training providers). The change of leadership of the state does not change the education policy, so that what was previously programmed by the holders of authority on education policy can continue. The result is that in just 14 years Finland has become the number one education country in the world. In one class there are three teachers (two teachers who focus on delivering the material, one teacher accompanying students who are still lagging behind in the lesson). All teachers must have a master's degree. Undergraduate students are no longer allowed to become teachers even in primary school. Prospective teachers come from the top 10 students on campus who will still be screened more closely. In the evaluation of the Finnish education system there are no Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) as in Indonesia, and also no national examination (UAN), but they adhere to policies. Automatic promotion, move up the class automatically. The teacher is always ready to help students who are left behind so that all go up to class. Their motto is Test Less Learn More (reduce the test multiply learning). The measure of educational progress according to them is the character of the population not national income, technological advances and military strength. The Finnish government provides a budget of 5,200 Euros per year per student.

Health promotion and disease prevention is possible with accurate information and patient education. By being prepared to answer questions from patients and caregivers early this cold and flu season, we can make a difference to prevent the spread of colds and flu and their potentially serious complications.