Fundación Pública Andaluza Centro de las Nuevas Tecnologías del Agua

The fatigue strength evaluation and fracture behavior for a dual phase steel-AA6061-T6 bonded joints with three different adhesives (DC-80, Betamate 120 and MP55420) are presented in this paper. Single lap shear tests were used to determine maximum shear loads, for the single lap shear testing for 5.0 mm overlap length were 2 to 3.5 times higher in comparison to the 12.7 mm overlap length specimens. The results for the strain measurement revealed that higher strain-stress were developed in the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy adherend and in all cases they were lower than the adherends yield strength. Fatigue testing was carried out at 30, 50 and 70 % of the maximum shear load, 0.1 of reversibility load ratio (R) and 30 Hz of frequency. After testing, Basquin and Wholer graphs were built for each adhesive at 12.7 and 50.0 mm of overlap length. The results suggested that at higher overlapping, the cyclic maximum load increased. Additionally, the maximum fatigue loading at 10^6 cycles for MP55420 adhesive was 1.3 kN for an overlapping of 12.7 mm and 2.9 kN for 50 mm. For DC80 adhesive was 1.75 kN for overlapping 12.7 mm and 4.8 kN for 50 mm. Finally, for the Betamate 120 adhesive was 1.8 kN for 12.7 mm of overlapping and 6 kN for 50 mm. The post-fracture visual inspection revealed that MP55420 and Betamate 120 adhesives had a cohesive failure, while the DC-80 showed cohesive-adhesive failure. Additionally, the scanning electron microscopy evaluation on the spew fillet revealed resolved striations and a network of small micro-dimples for the Betamate 120 and MP55420 adhesives. On the other hand, DC-80 adhesive exhibited notable facet fragile failure that was confirmed by the shape of stress-strain plot with straight line from the origin to the point of fracture.

The presence of endophytic maize stunt in the pacific coastal plain and other drier parts of Nicaragua, represents a major problem relative to maize grain production. To reduce the risk of losses and to secure sustainable production for maize in this extensive production region, the development of cultivars with resistance to this disease is necessary. With the objective of identifying and selecting germplasm with genetic resistance to this disease, 400 S1 lines were evaluated during the cycle where the disease is more prevalent (August through December). These lines were derived from population 73 out of the third cycle of recurrent selection. The trial was planted at the experimcnt station of thc Centro Nacional de Granos Basicos at Managua, Nicaragua, where a 20 x 20 lattice design was used with two replications. The selected fraction to be recombined for the second cyclc outyielded thc population mean yield by 58%, in stunt free plants by 52 %, and stunt free ears by 64 %. These observcd levels were superior to the local check, the tolerant variety NB- 6. The results obtained indicate that significant advances havc been obtained in breeding efforts for resistance to corn stunt.

Food-borne hepatitis A outbreaks may be prevented by subjecting foods at risk of virus contamination to moderate treatments of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). A pretreatment promoting hepatitis A virus (HAV) capsid-folding changes enhances the virucidal effect of HHP, indicating that its efficacy depends on capsid conformation. HAV populations enriched in immature capsids (125S provirions) are more resistant to HHP, suggesting that mature capsids (150S virions) are more susceptible to this treatment. In addition, the monoclonal antibody (MAb) K24F2 epitope contained in the immunodominant site is a key factor for the resistance to HHP. Changes in capsid folding inducing a loss of recognition by MAb K24F2 render more susceptible conformations independently of the origin of such changes. Accordingly, codon usage-associated folding changes and changes stimulated by pH-dependent breathings, provided they confer a loss of recognition by MAb K24F2, induce a higher susceptibility to HHP. In conclusion, the resistance of HAV to HHP treatments may be explained by a low proportion of 150S particles combined with a good accessibility of the epitope contained in the immunodominant site close to the 5-fold axis.

Abstract In this paper, we focus on chunking including contiguous multiword expression recognition, namely super-chunking. In particular, we present different strategies to improve a superchunker based on Conditional Random Fields by combining it with a finite-state symbolic super-chunker driven by lexical and grammatical resources. We display a substantial gain of 7.6 points in terms of overall accuracy.