Fundación Universitaria Juan de Castellanos

El presente estudio evalúa el impacto del cambio climático en la dinámica de retroceso de la línea de costa del municipio de Moñitos (Córdoba, Caribe colombiano) entre 1990 y 2023, integrando herramientas de teledetección, análisis multitemporal y correlación climática. A partir del procesamiento de imágenes Landsat y la aplicación del Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), se calcularon las tasas de cambio mediante los indicadores End Point Rate (EPR) y Linear Regression Rate (LRR), evidenciando un predominio de procesos erosivos en la franja norte y central del litoral, con valores superiores a –2 m/año. El análisis de los índices espectrales MNDWI y NDVI mostró una pérdida progresiva de cobertura vegetal y un avance del mar sobre terrenos continentales, mientras que las variables climáticas reflejaron una tendencia hacia el aumento térmico y la disminución de la precipitación. Los resultados de correlación y regresión revelan una relación débil, aunque coherente, entre las condiciones climáticas y las tasas de erosión, lo que sugiere una influencia indirecta del cambio climático sobre la dinámica costera, amplificada por la presión antrópica. Estos hallazgos confirman que la erosión litoral en Moñitos responde a la interacción de factores climáticos, oceanográficos y humanos, destacando la necesidad de fortalecer la gestión costera adaptativa.

Caring for older adults is a task that involves taking care of their physical, emotional, and social needs, often when they are partially or totally dependent. The carer function is mainly assumed by family carers. Caregivers, in turn, face various repercussions such as physical and emotional overload, stress, and, in many cases, an impact on their personal and social lives due to the time and energy demands of this responsibility. This article analyzes the psychosocial characteristics of caregiving and caregivers for older adults linked to the Centro Vida program in Samacá, Boyacá. A qualitative study with a narrative design applied semi-structured interviews and the Zarit Burden Scale to a sample of 11 caregivers. Findings show significant overload in caregivers, manifested in physical (such as fatigue and deteriorating health) and emotional (such as stress and anxiety) effects, as well as complex psychosocial dynamics, such as social isolation and lack of family and institutional support. These psychosocial characteristics and the physical demands of caregiving demonstrate the need for a comprehensive psychosocial approach. It is concluded that support strategies should be implemented to strengthen family support, facilitate access to social services for older adults, and promote the well-being of caregivers.

El presente artículo de reflexión pretende realizar un análisis descriptivo, sobre la incidencia que tienen los influenciadores sobre los consumidores en el momento de la adquisición u obtención de productos digitales o físicos por medio de las redes sociales, en el entendido que estos sujetos tienen injerencia directa en los suscriptores que los siguen al momento de publicar productos de terceros. Lo anterior, sin que medie nexo de responsabilidad entre el influenciador y la empresa o entidad a la cual le realiza la publicidad, puesto que esta conducta comercial no se encuentra regulada. Es por ello, que la investigación se enfoca en determinar el amparo que otorga la ley 1480 del 2011 (Estatuto del consumidor), puesto que es un estatuto que regula las conductas y las sanciones atribuibles a los productores y proveedores, frente a las conductas de los influenciadores digitales.

Objetivo: identificar la relación existente entre las dimensiones de la inteligencia emocional de estudiantes de grado sexto y noveno de instituciones educativas públicas de Montería, con las formas de enfrentar los conflictos escolares. Metodología: se planteó un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance correlacional y diseño no experimental transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta como técnica de recolección de datos a una muestra aleatoria de 707 estudiantes, distribuidos en 354 de grado sexto y 352 de grado noveno, pertenecientes a 23 instituciones públicas. Resultados: se evidencia que los estudiantes de 11 a 13 años presentan un alto nivel de autoestima, lo que les facilita comunicarse asertivamente, autorre-gularse frente conflictos, y relacionarse con los demás, dando mayor importancia a la empatía. Por otro lado, en el grupo de 14 a los 18 años, se observa que una mayor motivación intrínseca favorece tanto la comunicación asertiva como la autorregulación y las relaciones con los demás, especialmente cuando cuentan con una mejor percepción emocional de sus pares. Conclusiones: la inteligencia emocional de los educandos tiene una relación significativa directa y positiva con las formas de enfrentar conflictos escolares. Además, la empatía, percepción, asimilación y comprensión de las emociones tienen relación directa y positiva con la comunicación asertiva y la autorregulación emocional.

The aim of this research was to compare the chemical composition and the technological characteristics of milk for Parmigiano Reggiano cheese produced in herds with different numbers of cows. The research was carried out on 5760 Italian Friesian herd milk samples collected from a total of 160 farms (one sample per month in each farm for three years). On each milk sample, lactose, fat, protein, casein, titratable acidity, total bacterial count, somatic cells, coliform bacteria, clostridia spores, and rennet coagulation properties were determined. Increasing herd size was positively correlated with milk production and with milk somatic cell and clostridia spores' contents (8133 kg/cow/lactation, 5.280 Log10cells/mL and 1.782 spores/L for herds with less than 30 cows; 9109 kg/cow/lactation, 5.548 Log10cells/mL and 2.138 spores/L for herds with more than 200 cows, respectively). Moreover, herd size was negatively correlated with milk fat content and with total bacterial and coliform bacteria counts (3.73 g/100 g, 4.931 Log10CFU/mL and 3.176 Log10CFU/mL for herds with less than 30 cows; 3.51 g/100 g, 4.770 Log10CFU/mL and 3.121 Log10CFU/mL for herds with more than 200 cows, respectively). Farms with more than 100 cows raised were characterised by higher milk production per cow per lactation, but the milk produced by them was also characterised by lower fat content. Finally, milk produced in the herds with a higher number of cows showed a higher frequency of optimal lactodynamographic types (better rennet-coagulation properties) than milk produced in the other herds.

La nefrostomía percutánea es una técnica que se ha venido desarrollando desde su introducción en 1980. Esta técnica consiste en la desviación o derivación de la vía urinaria, gracias a una sonda introducida por medio de un catéter, para contribuir a la recuperación de la función renal en pacientes con urolitos ureterales proximales de gran tamaño y otras afecciones renales. El principio de la técnica se basa en realizar una incisión sobre el área lumbar para introducir un catéter, alcanzar la pelvis renal y desviar la salida de orina, aliviando así la presión en la nefrona. En este artículo se revisa información actualizada sobre la técnica, teniendo en cuenta las similitudes en las recomendaciones y uso en seres humanos, así como el método más frecuentemente sugerido y su aplicación en pequeños animales.

In recent years, consensus algorithms have gained significant importance in the context of blockchain networks. These algorithms play a crucial role in allowing network participants to reach agreements on the state of the blockchain without needing a central authority. The present study focuses on carrying out a systematic mapping of these consensus algorithms to explore in detail their use, benefits, and challenges in the context of blockchain networks. Understanding consensus algorithms is essential to appreciating how blockchain networks achieve the reliability and integrity of their distributed ledgers. These algorithms allow network nodes to reach agreement on the validity of transactions and the creation of new blocks on the blockchain. In this sense, consensus algorithms are the engine that drives trust in these decentralized networks. Numerous authors have contributed to the development and understanding of consensus algorithms in the context of blockchain networks. This revolutionary concept paved the way for numerous cryptocurrencies and blockchain systems. Despite advances in this field, significant challenges remain: centralization, fair token distribution, scalability, and sustainability. The energy consumption of blockchain networks, particularly those using algorithms such as Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, Delegated Proof of Stake, Proof of Authority, and hybrid algorithms (Proof of Work/Proof of Stake), has raised concerns about their environmental impact, motivating the scientific and technological community to investigate more sustainable alternatives that promise to reduce energy consumption and contribute to climate change mitigation. Furthermore, interoperability between different blockchains and security in specific environments, such as IoT, are areas that still require significant research attention. This systematic mapping not only seeks to shed light on the current state of consensus algorithms in blockchain, but also their impact on sustainability, identifying those algorithms that, in addition to guaranteeing integrity and security, minimize the environmental footprint, promoting a more efficient use of energy resources, being a relevant approach in a context in which the adoption of sustainable technologies has become a global priority. Understanding and improving these algorithms are critical to unlocking the full potential of blockchain technology in a variety of applications and industry sectors.

The case of a 6 -year -old female Golden Retriever is presented. She was limping in the left posterior limb. A 4/4 grade lameness, pain by palpating the knee, and a negative drawer test, but positive tibial compression was identified. No proprioceptive deficit or signs compatible with lesions joints in X-rays images were found. There was no response to treatment with Meloxicam and Tramadol and because a suspicion of partial rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament, the transposition of tibial tuberosity (TTT) procedure was chosen. The patient returned with lameness in the right hind limb right nine months later and after ruling out other causes of limp, the TTT was successfully performed in the affected limb. However, 18 months later he developed signs of peripheral neuropathy. Metabolic, infectious and hormonal profile analyses revealed increased serum alkaline phosphatase, decreased thyroxine (free T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values within normal ranges according to the reference laboratory. Based on the patient's history and laboratory findings, the diagnosis was hypothyroidism, and the decision was made to supplement the patient with sodium levothyroxine. Remission of the nervous symptoms was observed 45 days after treatment.

The physiological quality of plantain plants (Musa AAB) is an important attribute to enhance multiplication efficiency and the adaptation of plant material to field conditions. The effect of applying biostimulant substances on the growth and physiological response of plantain vitroplants in the nursery was evaluated. The trial was conducted under a completely randomized block design in four municipalities of the Department of Huila, Colombia. The evaluated treatments were Trichoderma koningiosis (Tk), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Ba), humic extract + fulvic acids + free amino acids (Eh+Af+Al), chitosan (Qt), Bacillus subtilis (Bs), silicon dioxide (Ds), salicylic acid (As), and water control (T). Plant height, pseudostem diameter, total leaves, functional leaves, dry biomass of leaves, pseudostem, corm, and root, as well as photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration (Tr), and chlorophyll index (CI) were evaluated at 90 days after planting. Improvements in the physiological response of treated plants compared to the control were evident; notably, Tk significantly enhanced gas exchange, with increases in Gs, Tr, and CI. A differential effect of the biostimulants by locality in treated plants was observed, due to the significant increase in leaf dry matter with Qt, As, Eh+Af+Al, and Ds and in plant height with treatments Qt, As, and Tk. These results demonstrate the advantages of using biostimulants to promote the growth and physiological quality of plantain plants in the nursery stage.

This document highlights Energy Efficiency (EE) in agricultural production systems through the analysis of the life-cycle of publications in Scopus database, along with the help of SigmaPlot and SciMAT software. Among the results obtained; the growth rate on publications was determined until 2019, with trends in EE research in the agricultural sector. According to the search formulas "energy efficiency" (LIMIT-TO (DOCTYPE, "ar)) and "energy efficiency AND agriculture" (LIMIT-TO (DOCTYPE," ar), which made visible the scientific projection according to the inflection point, as well as the most important motor issues, where those related to soil, water, climatic variability, crops, nitrogen and phosphorus are emphasized, being The United States the country with the greatest scientific dissemination in this regard. In addition, publications and institutions relevant to the case of Colombia were established through TAK ("energy efficiency" AND agriculture) AND (LIMIT-TO (AFFILCOUNTRY, "Colombia").