GA Drilling (Slovakia)

Abstract In response to the shortcomings and deficiencies of the current oil and water well dosing technology in Changqing Oilfield, a new type of dissolution controllable material has been developed by studying the formulation and preparation process from the aspects of alloy composition, microstructure, and mechanism of action. The composition of soluble aluminum alloy was determined by orthogonal experimental method, and a series of solubility performance experiments, mechanical performance experiments, etc. were conducted to confirm that the soluble aluminum alloy material prepared in this study meets the actual working conditions of slow-release dosing tools underground. Specifically, the composition ratio of soluble aluminum alloy material was determined to be Al-1Mg-0.5Sn-0.1In through orthogonal experimental method. The dissolution time is about 18 days, the microstructure is uniform, and it meets the requirements of the downhole working conditions for corrosion inhibitor dosing tools. The yield strength of soluble aluminum alloy materials can reach 220MPa, the ultimate tensile strength exceeds 300MPa, the elongation rate can reach 16%, and the mechanical properties are good.

Sustainable thermal treatment of oily sludge (OS) requires minimizing secondary pollution while maintaining process efficiency. Although the catalytic roles of intrinsic minerals are recognized, the mechanistic links between mineral properties and pollutant evolution remain unclear. Here, artificial OS systems incorporating representative minerals (Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, and inert SiO2) were prepared to isolate mineral-specific effects. A multiscale, integrated analytical framework was employed to capture complementary information on gas-phase emissions, transformation pathways, and residue toxicity. Results showed that acidic and redox-active minerals (Al2O3, Fe2O3) promoted SO2 and NH3 release via bond cleavage, whereas basic oxides (CaO, MgO) suppressed these emissions and stabilized N/S species in residues. Fe2O3 further enhanced redox-driven mineralization of nitrogen intermediates, reducing cytotoxicity. CaO uniquely induced catalytic graphitization, suppressing PAHs and immobilizing pollutants. A property–activity relationship (PARs) framework was developed to link mineral acid–base and redox properties with pollutant behavior and residue toxicity. This framework offers mechanistic insight into mineral-phase catalysis and provides guidance for the rational design of catalytic pyrolysis systems for cleaner thermal remediation of mineral-rich hazardous wastes.

Carbon nanotubes have been efficiently used as smart multimodal nanodrug carriers to improve the targeted antitumor efficacy of therapeutic agents. In this study, we report the development of a multifunctionalized nanoplatform based on MnO2-coated hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene-curcumin-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-disulfide (HCCP-CUR-HPS)-functionalized magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (M-MWNTs) for targeted cancer therapy. The nanocarrier integrates chemotherapeutic agents, paclitaxel (PTX) and curcumin (CUR), into a robust system with superior biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and magnetic responsiveness. Comprehensive structural and morphological analyses confirmed successful functionalization and drug loading. The dual pH- and glutathione (GSH)-responsive features of the nanocarrier lead to the efficient release of drugs under acidic and reductive conditions typical of cancerous tissues, while maintaining structural integrity in a normal physiological environment. The nanocarrier also exhibited remarkable photothermal conversion efficiency under 808 nm laser irradiation, achieving effective heat generation for cancer cell ablation. Cytotoxicity evaluations via the CCK-8 assay revealed selective cytotoxicity toward HeLa cells, while demonstrating minimal toxicity to normal cells (LO2). Furthermore, combinational chemo-photothermal therapy significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy, achieving synergistic tumor cell destruction. The magnetic properties of the nanocarrier enable precise targeting, while its hemocompatibility ensures minimal blood-related side effects. These findings underscore the potential of MnO2@PTX@HCCP-CUR-HPS@M-MWNTs as a promising dual-modal agent for cancer therapy.

Geothermal projects will require drilling substantial footages through harder rocks. This is challenging for existing technologies as the abrasive nature of the rock and higher cutting forces required increase the wear rates of drill bits. We have identified a rock weakening process that when used to assist a single Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) cutter can reduce the force required to drive such a cutter through granite by up to 50% (2mm depth of cut in atmospheric conditions). Integrating this technology into a fixed cutter drill bit has the potential to increase the rate of Penetration (ROP) and reduce the wear rate of PDC cutters when working in hard rock and thus improve drilling economics. Over the last decade or more several alternative "drilling" processes have shown a similar level of promise in early testing and yet worldwide we have seen few of these alternative technologies progressing to higher technology readiness levels (TRL) or commercialization. The reason for this lack of advancement in the drilling of hard rock is that barriers to market entry and commercialization for downhole drilling become apparent once the supporting systems required by these alternative technologies are examined. If the new technology requires specialized drill strings, adaptation or replacement of surface equipment, this raises the cost of getting into field trials by several orders of magnitude and the project quickly goes beyond the capacity of most single organizations. The company the authors work for formed a new project team with the intention of finding a more "plug and play" approach to introducing an alternative drilling system into hard rock drilling for the geothermal market. This approach quickly focused on the concept of assisting the current highly developed fixed cutter drill bits with alternative technology, rather than replacing them outright. If alternative technology could weaken the hard rock, the mechanical cutters could drill faster and further and thus it would improve geothermal project economics and allow faster transition to this clean energy source.

To address the lack of evaluation methods for the impact of reservoir damage on seepage capacity in gas storage reservoirs, this study investigates the dynamic evolution of seepage damage throughout the “drilling–completion–injection and production” cycle in deep gas storage reservoirs. Using full-process simulations and multi-scale characterization, the seepage attenuation mechanism was analyzed. Taking the Wenba gas storage sandstone core (Tuha Oilfield, China) as the object, dynamic contamination evaluation, fluorescence tracer invasion depth observation, and multi-cycle injection–production experiments quantified seepage damage. Results show that polyamine drilling fluid microparticles (<10 μm) block pore throats, reducing high-permeability core seepage (12.47 mD) by 35%. Perforation completion increases near-well resistance by 40%, while open-hole screen pipe completion restores seepage to 82.5%. Multi-cycle injection–production recovers deep seepage to 78%, while acid treatment (12% HCl) improves efficiency by only 5.3%. The study reveals the synergy of drilling fluid particle matching, completion methods, and injection–production cycles on seepage and proposes a permeability recovery-based reservoir adaptability optimization, supporting efficient seepage channel construction in deep reservoirs.

We propose and design a dual-ring core fiber to generate multiple dispersive waves (DWs) for high-order orbital angular momentum modes. By calculating phase-matching conditions, the quantity and location of DWs can be predicted. When a pulse is pumped in the normal dispersion region, the coherent output spectrum of the OAM20,1 mode spans from 0.6 to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.7~\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m, exhibiting five DWs located at 630, 740, 890, 1300, and 1510 nm. In addition to optimized fiber parameters to facilitate DWs generation for other OAM modes, the output spectra of OAM18,1 and OAM19,1 modes in the fiber with same structure parameters also exhibit the generation of multiple DWs. The multiple DWs generation method for high-order OAM modes could be applied in fields such as optical coherence tomography, metrology, and spectroscopy.