Gene (China)

Ribosome biogenesis follows a cascade of pre-rRNA folding and processing steps, coordinated with ribosomal protein incorporation. Nucleolar 90S pre-ribosomes are well-described stable intermediates, composed of pre-18S rRNA, ribosomal S-proteins, U3 snoRNA, and ~70 assembly factors. However, how numerous snoRNAs control pre-rRNA modification and folding during early maturation events remains unclear. We identify snR30 (human U17), the only essential H/ACA snoRNA in yeast, which binds with Cbf5-Gar1-Nop10-Nhp2 to a pre-18S rRNA subdomain containing platform helices and ES6 of the 40S central domain. Integration into the 90S is blocked by RNA hybridization with snR30. The snoRNP complex coordinates the recruitment of early assembly factors Krr1-Utp23-Kri1 and ribosomal proteins uS11-uS15, enabling isolated subdomain assembly. Krr1-dependent release of snR30 culminates in integration of the platform into the 90S. Our study reveals the essential role of snR30 in chaperoning central domain formation as a discrete assembly unit externalized from the pre-ribosomal core.

BackgroundHyper-IgE Syndrome, also known as Job’s syndrome, is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by recurrent infections and elevated levels of immunoglobulin E. While respiratory and systemic manifestations have been more emphasized, dermatological manifestations in Hyper-IgE Syndrome also play a significant role in disease presentation.MethodsThis narrative review explores the dermatologic presentations of Hyper-IgE Syndrome in pediatric populations, including descriptions, associated symptoms/findings, and available treatment options.Results and conclusionNeonatal rash, mucocutaneous candidiasis, noma neonatorum, psoriasis, cold staphylococcal abscesses, and candida onychomycosis are among the dermatological manifestations of Hyper-IgE Syndrome. Each manifestation has unique characteristics and treatment considerations, necessitating accurate recognition and diagnosis for effective management. Optimal treatment strategies involve a combination of supportive care, topical/systemic therapies, antifungal medications, and surgical interventions when necessary. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding of these manifestations and evaluate treatment modalities for individuals affected by Hyper-IgE Syndrome.

Black and red rice have many physiological effects, including antioxidant capacity and decreasing blood glucose, because they are flavonoid-rich. Here, our study found that Hongcaomi (a red rice variety) of five examined rice cultivars contained the highest total polyphenol content and total flavonoid content and the strongest antioxidant activity, with values of 5.83 mg GAE/g, 1.57 mg RE/g, and 72.63 μmol Trolox/g, respectively. The decreased blood glucose effect showed that the strongest effect was shown by the two red rice cultivars, followed by the black rice cultivar Ashamurasaki, the white rice cultivar Yixiang1B, and the black rice cultivar Chongxuehei which had no effect. The study further found that the strongest physiological effect in red rice was derived from catechin. In addition, our study reveals that pigmented rice could decrease blood glucose levels through many pathways, including repairing liver morphology, improving the expression level of genes involved in gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis pathways, and regulating the composition of the gut microbiota.

Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that the y-axis labels in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 8 had been mirrored and made unreadable. The original article has been corrected.