Gibraltar Health Authority

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1763735.].

ABSTRACT In general, consumers show a growing interest in business activities that go beyond the strictly economic, such as environmental and social initiatives. Thus, implementing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices in companies has gained relevance in recent years. This study analyzed how the perception of CSR affects consumer attitude in the multichannel technology retail sector. A quantitative research approach was employed to analyze primary data, which enabled the testing of hypotheses by estimating a structural equation model. The results confirmed that CSR initiatives have a direct and positive impact on consumer behavior, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the link and guides companies toward implementing CSR policies to improve their outcomes. Additionally, it is identified that consumer skepticism moderates the relationship between perceived CSR and brand attitude, highlighting the importance of transparency and authenticity in communicating information about CSR practices.

BackgroundPostpartum women require more individualized support from healthcare providers. However, current care may be insufficient, partly due to a limited understanding of how women experience their symptoms and recovery during this period. The aim was to describe experienced activity limitations during the first year post-partum and to explore and describe women’s experiences of physical changes and recovery after childbirth.MethodIn an observational prospective cohort study, 504 participants reported activity limitations after childbirth via patient-specific functional scales at 3, 6, and 12 months post-partum (Cohort 1). The participants also reported causes for these limitations in free-text format. To enrich this dataset with narrative insights, an additional group of 14 women (3─12 months post-partum) was recruited for interviews (Cohort 2). The two datasets were analysed via quantitative and qualitative content analysis.ResultsIn Cohort 1, 48% of the participants reported limitations in high-impact activities (e.g., running, jumping or ball sports) at 3 months post-partum, whereas 41% reported limitations at 12 months post-partum. Other limited activities in the first six months included exercising, lifting/carrying and brisk walks. The main causes for these limitations were pain, vaginal heaviness and urinary incontinence, sensations of instability, and hesitancy to start exercising. Cohort 2 revealed the theme ‘Surprised by the transition to an unknown body,’ illustrating women’s insecurity about new bodily experiences after childbirth and an experienced need for understanding. The struggle of accepting and adjusting to physical changes contrasts with trust in their bodies’ recovery and ability to adapt life to changes. Recovery can be seen as an accomplishment. Unexpected, unfamiliar physical changes can lead to fear of incomplete recovery and sadness about losing the prepregnancy body. The combination of breastfeeding and hormonal changes while recovering from physical changes can be challenging.ConclusionPain, urinary incontinence, and unfamiliar pelvic sensations, such as vaginal heaviness, can limit postpartum activities. Early limitations seem to arise from uncertainty about feelings of weakness and instability, whereas persistent limitations are usually due to pain or leakage. Early reassurance, information, and tailored guidance could support recovery, while persistent symptoms may require targeted treatment to address evolving needs.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-025-08224-5.

Globally, environmental crimes are a major threat to biodiversity and the livelihood of local populations. Community-based protection of natural resources, which involves local people in surveillance and enforcement, is an important complement to the government-led command-and-control policing approach. We examined whether a community-based voluntary patrolling system deterred environmental crimes in Amazonia. We used data on environmental crimes recorded by patrollers over 11years (2003-2013) in 12 independent territorial units in 2 large protected areas (PAs) in Amazonas, Brazil. For comparison, we also analyzed data from government-led enforcement operations outside these PAs from 2002 to 2012. In total, patrollers conducted almost 20,000 surveillance outings (around 150,000h of activity) and recorded the occurrence of 1260 crimes. Of the 772 crimes for which we had data on seized items, most violations were related to fishing (78.24%), 19.04% to hunting, or 2.72% to logging. The occurrence of crimes per outing increased as the number of patrollers and time spent patrolling increased and was greater during outings that were informant led. There was a sharp decrease over time in the occurrence of crimes during patrols across 11 of the 12 territorial units examined. Overall, the occurrence of crimes declined by approximately 80% over the study period. In contrast, the number of crimes detected over time during government-led enforcement operations outside the PAs did not decline. Leadership of local communities in the planning and conducting of patrols contributed to rule conformity and enforcement in the PAs. Our results should be especially useful to managers of PAs and researchers in other parts of the tropics as a model for local patrolling and natural resource protection.

The maritime industry increasingly recognises the importance of sustainability regarding global environmental challenges. However, a critical analysis reveals a significant gap in educational research concerning integrating sustainability competencies into maritime education curricula. This study aims to bridge this gap by investigating the Sustainability Thinking competency and its sub-competencies within maritime education and training programs. To answer the research questions, the study considers two methods: a literature review to understand the basis of sustainable thinking competency assessment in maritime education, as well as the sub-competencies and observable characteristics reported, and a validated questionnaire to be applied as a self-assessment instrument to students to understand how they perceive and have developed sustainable thinking competencies throughout their professional education. The instrument was applied in two courses at an international maritime college, covering the perspectives of 88 students, including 27 females and 61 males of five different nationalities. This research contributes to maritime education by presenting relevant insights on how course content influences students' future roles, considering sustainability trends and industry factors, and proposing a framework that delineates sub-competencies in Sustainability Thinking and their observable characteristics. The study offers valuable guidance for educators, policymakers, and stakeholders, providing a foundation for enhancing current practices and fostering the development of more sustainable maritime professionals.