Griffith College Cork

Abstract Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches beyond conventional treatments. RNA-based therapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy to modulate key pathological processes involved in stroke, including neuroinflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neurovascular dysfunction. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA)-based therapies enable post-transcriptional gene silencing to downregulate deleterious pathways, while messenger RNA (mRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-based strategies promote neuroprotection and neuronal recovery. Despite significant preclinical advancements, several challenges hinder clinical translation, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, RNA stability, immune responses, off-target effects, and efficient intracellular delivery. Recent breakthroughs in nanoparticle-based delivery systems, exosome-mediated transport, and CRISPR-based RNA editing offer novel solutions to these limitations, paving the way for precision medicine approaches in stroke treatment. Future research must focus on optimizing RNA formulations, refining delivery mechanisms, and conducting rigorous clinical trials to establish their safety and efficacy in stroke patients. If successfully translated into clinical practice, RNA-based therapeutics have the potential to revolutionize stroke management by providing targeted, disease-modifying interventions that enhance functional recovery and reduce long-term neurological deficits.

The high sensitivity of living organic forms to space radiation remains the critical issue during spaceflight, to which they will be chronically exposed during months of interplanetary or even decades of interstellar spaceflight. In the human body, all actively dividing and poorly differentiated cells are always close to being damaged by radiological or chemical agents. The chronic exposure to ionizing radiation primarily causes changes in blood counts and intestinal damage such as fibrosis, obliterative vasculitis, changes in the gut microbiota, and atrophy or degeneration of muscle fibers. The project “MISS: Microbiome Induced Space Suit” was presented at the Giant Jamboree of the International Genetically Engineered Machine Competition 2021, with the aim to investigate the ability of the novel microbiota-mediated approach to enhance human resistance to ionizing radiation. The key innovative part of the project was the idea to create a novel radioprotector delivery mechanism based on human gut microbiota with the function of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secretion. The project concept proposed the feasibility of genetically modifying the human microbiota in situ through the delivery of genetic constructs to the host’s crypts using silicon nanoparticles with chemically modified surfaces. In this perspective, we discuss the advances in modifying microbiota-mediated secretory activity as a promising approach for radioprotection and as an alternative to hormone therapy and other health conditions that currently require continuous drug administration. Future clinical trials of in situ methods to genetic engineering the crypt microbiota may pave the way for indirect regulation of human cells.

Halophilic microorganisms play a crucial role in plant health and growth in salinity affected lands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the haloarchaeal diversity from the rhizosphere of halophytes and plant growth promoting abilities of these strains. The whole genome sequences of two haloarchaeal strains, Halorubrum lacusprofundi HL1RP11 and Halobacterium noricense NRS2HaP9, were analyzed, and genes related to plant growth promoting traits were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that archaeal strains of Halococcus, Halorubrum, Halobacterium and Natrinema were dominant in the rhizosphere of halophytes. More than 60% of the strains were positive for phosphate solubilization and IAA production. About 33% were siderophore producers. More than 40% of haloarchaeal strains showed the heavy metal resistance for Nickel, Cadmium, Chromium and Zinc at a concentration of 5 mM. Genes involved in plant growth promotion were identified through annotation. Gene clusters related to secondary metabolites including phenazine, siderophore production and terpene were also identified in this study. Our results suggested that these haloarchaeal strains can be used as an eco-friendly biofertilizer to improve growth and productivity in hypersaline environment.

Technology enabling drug serialisation technology was introduced by regulators to enhance security in pharmaceutical supply chain and protect drugs from infiltration by falsified and substandard medicines. The introduction of systems for serialisation required huge financial outlays manufacturers of pharmaceuticals. This study investigated the impact of serialisation on the operational efficiency and productivity in Irish pharmaceutical sites. A qualitative study was conducted with 11 manufacturing sites in Ireland. The participating companies operated a total of 114 pack-lines, representing approximately 65% of the automated packing lines in the country. The study found that serialisation had a negative effect on packaging production line OEE and line availability and on the individuals cost per unit of packaged pharmaceuticals. The research results estimated that the capital costs of serialisation were four times greater than those estimated by the regulators. There was a 4.1 cents average cost per pack for serialisation with high volume sites reporting an annual cost of serialisation of up to €4.5 m per annum and a 2.7% increase in the average cost of goods sold. A pattern whereby where many pharmaceutical manufacturers are transitioning from smaller batch production and moving toward larger batch production sizes in order to increases efficiencies was identified. The research also proposed the use of a serialisation depreciation factor as a method to determine the impact of serialisation on the cost of goods sold. This is the first study of its kind into the cost of serialisation from a manufacturer’s viewpoint and studying the effects of serialisation on productivity, line availability and operational efficiency.

All data generated for this manuscript is included herein. Raw data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The .STL file is available through a CC-BY-NC-SA licence from the NIH 3D Print Exchange (ID: 3DPX-020736; https://3d.nih.gov/entries/3DPX-020736).

Réamhrá Is minic a léirítear imní sa litríocht idirnáisiúnta maidir le tearcghnóthú oideachais daltaí ó chúlra socheacnamaíoch íseal (Sirin 2005; Hoff 2006; Demie & Lewis 2011). Tugtar léargas i litríocht an tumoideachais ar dhaltaí ó chúlra socheacnamaíoch íseal agus easnaimh sa chéad teanga acu (Genesee 2004, 2007; Genesee & Fortune 2014). Léirítear i dtaighde Bruck et al. (2015) áfach, go raibh […]

Data mining is the technique used by different algorithms to retrieve the necessary information from an immense amount of datasets. The main objective of this research is to predict the possible level of lung cancer. Several experiments have been conducted using data analysis methods to explain the estimation of lung cancer risks. Cancer is the deadliest illness now, causing a lot of deaths. That's because it is incurable in most situations. But it is not so the case if it is detected at an earlier stage. So an earlier diagnosis is necessary. However, to foresee the incidence of lung cancer, there are so many steps and actions needed. This research is therefore focused on using four data mining methods to forecast risks of lung cancer in patients without much effort using the naive Bayes, decision trees, k-nearest neighbors, and random forest algorithms based on basic parameters. To evaluate the most efficient and productive model, the efficiency of these classification techniques was measured.

This book provides an introduction to public relations (PR) that employs pedagogical experiential learning models to assist students in developing the skills and competencies required by the PR industry. The book takes the reader on a journey from the theory and origins of PR, through to the structure of the PR profession and the more practical elements of how PR is practiced today. It devotes attention to the common competencies necessary for success as a communications professional, such as communication skills, critical thinking skills and business acumen, while giving due focus to the rapidly evolving new technologies and media that impact how organisations communicate. Featuring example cases from around the world, each chapter includes discussion topics and scenario-based questionnaires to encourage learning and assist students in developing key competencies. This book is ideal for undergraduate PR modules, particularly those with experiential and/or blended learning pedagogical approaches. It will also be useful to those in business seeking to gain a deeper understanding of communications. Situational Judgement Tests and sample press releases, presented as online resources, also accompany the book. Please visit www.routledge.com/9781032170435.

Managing large amounts of data is becoming part of everyday life in most organizations. Handling, analyzing, searching, and making predictions from big data is becoming the norm for many organizations of many interests. Big data provides the foundations for more benefits and higher values to be extracted from big data. As big data comes with countless benefits, it also comes with many challenges to fulfilling its expectations. Some of those problems haunting big data banks are being termed dirty data. This paper focuses on dirty data while working on an organization's natural live information system. The author was responsible for studying and analyzing a faltering information system and planning and carrying out the required solutions and fixes. The importance of the work carried out lies in the high level of dirty data observed in the system. Therefore, this paper is based on the part of dirty data-the paper focuses on how the team suffered from dirty data and how it was dealt with.

ABSTRACT As a longstanding area of practice and inquiry in rhetorical scholarship, the role of the example in rhetorical discourse has undergone its share of debates, discussions, and important advancements. One important topic of discussion on these matters involves the role of the example in providing either strategic ambiguity or experiential clarity. Through an analysis of William James’s deployment of a pragmatic rhetoric of exemplary figures in The Varieties of Religious Experience, this essay advances a view of the example as a resource for transforming the ambiguous consequences of inner ideals into pragmatic and empowered social action. In a chapter titled “The Value of Saintliness,” James invokes a cadre of saintly figures as exemplars in the attempt to cultivate democratic individuality and inspire social change efforts through the conduct of spiritual meliorism. This essay offers expanded conceptions of exemplarity and pragmatist rhetoric in contexts concerning democracy and social justice.