Hôpital Salvator

The most prevalent conditions affecting the pelvic floor include fecal incontinence (FI) and urinary incontinence (UI), both of which are particularly common among women with obesity. Although the effect of metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) on FI remains a topic of ongoing discussion, the present study seeks to assess the impact of effective bariatric surgery on UI and FI in women with obesity. An observational prospective study was conducted at the Tours University Hospital, involving 212 women who underwent MBS. Participants completed pre-operative and post-operative questionnaires to evaluate UI and FI one-year after surgery. Additionally, urinary symptom profile (USP) and Wexner score (WS) were utilized for the assessment of UI and FI, respectively. Of the 212 patients, 148 achieved a weight loss of more than 20% of their weight one-year after surgery, and of these 40 (27.0%) completed all questionnaires. The median pre-surgical BMI was found to be 41.8 kg/m², which reduced to 29.1 kg/m² one-year post-surgery. A significant improvement was observed in stress urinary incontinence (SUI), which decreased from 32.5% pre-operatively to 22.5% post-operatively (p < 0.0001). FI showed slight exacerbation, with an increase in moderate FI (from 5.0% to 10.0%), frequency of liquid stool per week (from 2.5% to 5.0%), and gas-related symptoms (from 0 to 2.5%). The findings of this study indicate that MBS significantly improves SUI in women with obesity, yet has minimal impact on FI one-year postoperatively. Further studies are required to more accurately assess the impact of metabolic bariatric surgery on postoperative FI.

ABSTRACTThe predictive coding theory of autism suggests that individuals with autism may show atypicalities in how predictions are formed or updated. This may in turn affect how they process temporal information. While predictive coding has been widely applied to the study of language, including conversation, and music, including musical interactions, relatively few studies have explored the intersection of these domains in autism. Even fewer have focused on the role of temporal predictions in both language and music. This review examines studies that investigate temporal processing and predictive mechanisms in both music and language in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding these shared temporal mechanisms is crucial for providing a more comprehensive view of the underlying cognitive processes and difficulties in ASD. Furthermore, exploring the relationship between music and language from a temporal prediction perspective offers valuable insights into more ecologically valid and interactive settings, such as conversation and music‐making. Such research not only improves our understanding of autism but also has important implications for therapeutic interventions, particularly those leveraging rhythmic training to enhance social communication and coordination skills.

Les établissements hospitaliers soins études accueillent des adolescents en grande souffrance, pour lesquels le soin prévaut sur la rescolarisation. La fréquente clinophilie des uns, symptôme parfois malaisé à tolérer par les équipes, est mise ici en parallèle au risque de chronicisation de soignants happés par la clinique et sa lourdeur actuelle. Un détour par des enquêtes à distance de la fin de séjour des jeunes patients, rares quant à ce type de dispositifs, pourrait fournir des éléments moteurs d’amélioration des pratiques soignantes.

ABSTRACT The present study investigated how enhancing motivation by delivering positive feedback (a smiley) after a successful trial could affect interference control in adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and in their typically developing (TD) peers. By using a Simon task within the theoretical framework of the “activation-suppression” model, we were able to separately investigate the expression and the inhibition of impulsive motor behavior. The experiment included 19 adolescents with ADHD and 20 TD adolescents in order to explore whether data found in adolescents with ADHD were similar to those found in TD adolescents. Participants performed the Simon task in two conditions: a condition with feedback delivered after each successful trial and a condition with no feedback. The main findings were that increasing motivation by delivering positive feedback increased impulsive response in both groups of adolescents. It also improved the efficiency of impulsive motor action inhibition in adolescents with ADHD but deteriorated it in TD adolescents. We suggest that 1/increased motivation could lead adolescents to favor fast responses even if incorrect, and 2/the differential effect of feedback on the selective suppression of impulsive motor action in both groups could be due to different baseline DA levels.

Les théories implicites de la personnalité correspondent aux croyances concernant la malléabilité des capacités humaines. Selon la théorie de l’entité, ces caractéristiques sont fixes et immuables alors que selon la théorie incrémentielle, ces capacités sont des qualités contrôlables que les gens peuvent changer.

This retrospective study investigated, for the first time, sleep characteristics in anorexia nervosa (AN) subtypes and the clinical profile in adolescents, as well as the quality of life (QoL) and emotionality in these patients with poor sleep. The sample included 111 adolescents with AN. First, restrictive AN (ANR) and binge eating/purging AN (ANB/P) groups were compared in terms of self-reported sleep characteristics, sleepiness and chronotype. Second, the clinical profile, QoL, and emotionality of good sleepers (GS) and poor sleepers (PS) were compared. Compared to the ANR group, participants with ANB/P showed significantly greater sleep disturbances and sleepiness, and also a higher preference for an eveningness chronotype. Results also showed a clinical profile significantly more severe in PS than in GS. After adjustment, only the ANB/P subtype and the EDI-2 ineffectiveness subscale remained significantly linked to poor sleep. Moreover, the QoL was lower and emotionality more negative in PS with respect to GS. Findings suggest that subjective sleep disturbances may be used as a clinical marker for AN severity and for ANB/P subtype. Importantly, findings suggest that improving sleep quality in adolescents with AN may help managing their ED and their comorbidities, but also improve their QoL. Level V, descriptive study (evaluation data retrospectively studied).

Surfing with transfemoral knee prosthesis requires flexion of the hip, knee, and ankle and balance between flexibility and stiffness of the prosthetic limb. We report on Mr D, a transfemoral amputee, who wanted to surf again. Case Description and Methods: Technical specifications were based on Mr D's complaint. The prosthesis is salt water resistant and combines a shock absorber associated with elastic tendons to permit the knee to bend easily and to facilitate eccentric braking. Surfing was observed using videos of movements and subjective analysis of compensations. Findings and Outcomes: Mr D uses this prosthesis for surfing with good results and got back to his former level using compensations. During the takeoff, he cannot shorten his left leg. He makes a circumduction movement to put his leg in front of the board. This prosthesis is adapted for surfing and allows precise adjustments to surfing conditions. Clinical relevance Appropriate prosthesis design can enable return to surfing for a transfemoral amputee.