Helicon Foundation

ABSTRACT In this study, an epoxy/anhydride resin was designed and synthesized utilizing co‐catalysts composed of tertiary amines and quaternary ammonium salts, alongside co‐antibacterial agents including thiol compounds and quaternary ammonium cations. The resulting resin system demonstrated a low viscosity of 350 mPa·s and exhibited a prolonged service life of 10 h at 25°C, thereby fulfilling the requirements of the wet winding process. The resin catalyzed by the co‐catalyst displayed an optimal cross‐linked network in which polyester and polyether coexisted, achieving a remarkable cross‐linking degree of up to 98.3%. The high degree of cross‐linking effectively reduced the penetration of water molecules or solutions into the resin structure, significantly enhancing its resistance to moisture as well as corrosion from acids and salts. Consequently, after immersion in water, NaCl and H 2 SO 4 solutions at 65°C for 30 days, the flexural strength retention rates were recorded at 93%, 92%, and 95%, respectively. Furthermore, the resin exhibited excellent long‐term antibacterial efficacy against four types of bacteria: Thermotolerant coliform colonies, Enterobacter cloacae , Enterococcus faecalis , and Enterococcus faecium . Therefore, the epoxy/anhydride resin holds promising application potential in reverse osmosis membrane housings (RO‐MH) manufacturing for seawater desalination as well as chemical water purification processes.

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection is a crucial initiative factor for the Correa cascade occurrence of GC. However, the immunological mechanisms of H. pylori ‐induced GC remain incompletely understood, particularly at the single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) level. We established a scRNA‐seq atlas of gastric tumor, with a focus on T‐cell‐related genes for trajectory analysis, cell–cell communication analysis, and transcription factor regulatory network analysis. The results were validated by immunofluorescence staining of gastric tumors. We collected 63,603 cells from 10 human gastric tissues and identified 20 distinct clusters, annotating 14 cell types based on canonical markers. In‐depth dissection disclosed seven T‐cell subtypes in H. pylori positive gastric tumors. We further revealed two types of exhausted T cells CD4‐C2‐TIGIT (Tex) and CD8‐C3‐PDCD1 (Tex). Among them, CD4‐C2‐TIGIT accounted for the highest proportion in H. pylori positive GC, from which we screened that the gene FYB1 was significantly correlated with prognosis. Immunofluorescence staining verified the localized expression of FYB1 in the T‐cell‐rich areas of H. pylori positive tumors, further substantiating their role in the tumor immune landscape. Moreover, network interaction analysis demonstrated that immune cells, stromal cells, and epithelial cells interact in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we constructs a comprehensive T‐cell atlas of GC, delineating T‐cell heterogeneity and their functional interactions within the H. pylori ‐driven TME. These findings highlight the prognostic potential of FYB1 in tumor immunity and provide new insights into the immunological mechanisms driving GC progression.

Due to the growing requirements to the fleet in terms of increasing the efficiency of solving assigned tasks, taking into account the ever-increasing operational situation, increased use of unmanned aerial vehicles is required, including small and medium-displacement ships. Thus, an important trend in the development of helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicles (HT UAVs) is their adaptation to ship-based conditions. The key problem of adaptation is ensuring the take-off and landing on the ship’s landing pad (runway). This article discusses the influence of ship-based conditions, the most important of which is ship’s pitching, and requirements for performing takeoff and landing operations, including the need to adapt to forced landing systems, on the formation of the design of the landing gear of a HT UAV, and formulates the design specifications typical to the landing gear of a shore-based aircraft. At the same time, to study the dynamic and static compatibility of the HT UAV with the ship, deterministic or probabilistic characteristics of the ship’s pitching should be set in the form of pitching amplitudes and periods, pitching spectral densities, variances of displacements and velocities of the runway center, as well as displacements, velocities and accelerations in the runway center. Based on the specified parameters, the kinematics of the movement of the center of the runway and its spatially complex positions are calculated to solve the problem of dynamic compatibility of the VTOL UAV with the ship. Dynamic compatibility includes determining the stability and controllability of the HT UAV, unwinding and stopping the main rotor, take-off and landing, and transporting the HT UAV along the runway. The existing and prospective basic design schemes of the skid landing gear are divided into four main types and evaluated for compliance with the specifics of operation on the ship, special attention is paid to the possibility of adaptation to forced landing systems on deck. Based on the evaluation results, a design scheme of the landing gear for a promising HT parallelogram-lever type UAV with an external shock absorber is proposed. As a confirmation of the compliance of the proposed scheme with the formulated requirements, the results of the calculation of the dynamic landing gear model during landing and rolling, performed in the Simcenter Motion software package, are presented. The proposed scheme can be implemented for both HT UAVs and manned ship-based and shore-based helicopters.

Gastric subepithelial lesions (SELs) are elevated lesions covered by normal mucosa often detected during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Because of its submucosal location, accurate diagnosis through biopsy is challenging. We conducted a nationwide survey to identify differences in clinical practices across healthcare institutions with varying medical resources in Korea. We surveyed gastroenterologists in Korea between September 2023 and February 2024 using email, text messages, and Quick Response codes. The survey collected comprehensive data on respondent demographics, clinical practices for histological diagnosis, treatment decisions based on lesion size, and perceptions regarding endoscopic resection, including lesion size and the key factors influencing the decision to consider endoscopic resection. The 341 respondents surveyed included 104 (30.4%), 66 (19.3%), and 171 (50.3%) primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare institutions, respectively. Most endoscopists did not perform biopsies of SELs <1 cm (70.4%, 240/341). However, for SELs 2-3 cm in size, most patients in primary and secondary healthcare institutions were transferred (85.9%), and EUS-guided biopsies (40.4%) were performed in tertiary hospitals. Endoscopic resection of gastric SELs was mainly performed in tertiary institutions (32.8% vs. 4.1%, p<0.001), and 75.7% (258/341) of the respondents considered endoscopic resection applicable for lesions <3 cm. Clinical practices for the histological diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic gastric SELs vary according to the lesion size and healthcare institution type. Specific guidelines for the management of gastric SELs considering their size, features, and institutions are required.

The Helicopter integrated electromechanical management system, in addition to monitoring the status of various mechanical and electrical systems and fault alarms, integrates a large number of control functions such as air conditioning control, fuel transmission control etc., to improve its complexity, and its functions are basically realized by software. Based on the air-conditioning control of the application software of the helicopter integrated electromechanical management system, this paper adopts the model-based system engineering method to analyze the air-conditioning control requirements and build its system engineering model, and then adopts SCADE to build the air-conditioning control software model according to the requirements. The two coupling verify the correctness of the two models and the accuracy of the logic, and finally generate the code. By studying the application of MBSE in the application software of helicopter integrated electromechanical management system, the development method of integrated electromechanical management system application software based MBSE is proposed. This method makes software development more accurate, more timely, and more visual in terms of undertaking requirements and logic verification, which can reduce the development cost of software and shorten the development cycle, improve the safety.

Abstract The icing of the rotor blade will change the aerodynamic surface shape of the rotor blade, which will affect the aerodynamic performance of the rotor. In order to study the effect of icing on the stall characteristics of rotor-blade airfoil, especially the dynamic stall characteristics, the airfoil icing shape is obtained by using FENSAP-ICE software, and the dynamic stall characteristics of rotor-blade airfoil OA209 are calculated by using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) software STAR CCM+. The grid of the icing airfoil is an O-shaped grid topology and the background grid adopts a Cartesian grid. The compressible Reynolds averaged N-S equation is used to calculate the flow field of the clean airfoil and the iced airfoil, and the variation law of the airfoil lift drag coefficient with the attack angle of an airfoil is obtained. The calculation shows that the iced airfoil will increase the airfoil drag and reduce the steady stall angle of attack; The dynamic stall angle of attack is also reduced, and the reattachment ability of the air flow decreases during the decrease of attack angle of the airfoil.

Dengue has become the leading cause of arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared dengue one of the top ten threats to global health. Dengue incidence reached its highest recorded level in 2023, affecting more than 80 countries with over 6.5 million cases (1). In the Americas, 8.1 million suspected dengue cases were reported by mid-May 2024, representing a 3.3-fold increase compared to the previous year. Peru was one of the six countries with the highest number of reported cases in the region (2). Like other countries with high dengue incidence, the country has been facing a surge in new arbovirus cases with seasonal outbreaks occurring between November and May. Therefore, controlling and preventing dengue outbreaks are essential steps to control the disease. How can we achieve this? Three key objectives: vector control, early diagnosis and population education.