Henley College

The ICU often provides aggressive treatments that may be futile for critically ill patients. Palliative care (PC) aims to enhance the quality of life for patients with life-threatening illnesses. Despite recommendations for early PC consultations, delays remain prevalent worldwide. This project aimed to improve the timeliness of PC referrals in a New York City hospital ICU through the implementation of a nurse-driven PC screening tool. Using the Model for Improvement, this quality improvement project was conducted over 7 months, including a 4-month baseline phase and a 3-month implementation phase. ICU nurses used a PC screening tool to evaluate patients within 48 hours of admission. The project aimed to increase PC screenings to 75% and ensure PC referrals within 48 hours. The implementation phase saw a significant increase in PC screenings, with compliance reaching 90.9% after process adjustments. The average time to PC referral decreased from 8.9 days pre-intervention to <2 days in the 3-month implementation phase. Of the patients receiving PC consultations, 46.6% had do not resuscitate and/or intubate status established, and 20% transitioned to hospice or comfort care. The nurse-driven PC screening tool effectively improved the timeliness of PC referrals, demonstrating the importance of standardized screening processes in the ICU.

ABSTRACT Though prior studies have explored the effects of firms' social media marketing activities on customer engagement, the dynamics characterizing this association in bottom‐of‐the‐pyramid (BoP) markets remain tenuous, exposing a critical gap. Addressing this gap, we develop and test a model assessing (a) the effects of firms' sustainable social media marketing activities (SSMMAs) on BoP customers' engagement, satisfaction, and subjective well‐being, and (b) the moderating role of environmental consciousness and customer empowerment. A self‐administered survey with 414 BoP customers was conducted, with the data being analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM). The results reveal that SSMMAs drive BoP customers' engagement and satisfaction, impacting their subjective well‐being. The findings also confirm the mediating role of customer satisfaction and engagement in the association of SSMMAs and subjective well‐being. Finally, the results indicate that while perceived environmental consciousness moderates the association of SSMMAs and BoP customer satisfaction, empowerment moderates the relationship between satisfaction and subjective well‐being. By exploring the effects of firm‐based SSMMAs on customers' engagement, satisfaction, and well‐being, this research adds to the literature on social media marketing activities by focusing on sustainable social media communications at the BoP, raising pertinent implications.

Purpose In the context of Chinese listed firms, this study aims to test the relationship between a firm’s Management Discussions and Analysis (MD&A) forward-looking tone with its subsequent investment efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This study constructed a sentiment dictionary on the basis of the BosonNLP semantic sentiment dictionary, negative word dictionary and degree adverb dictionary. Findings The main findings show that firms with more optimistic MD&A tone tend to present higher subsequent investment efficiencies. This study further finds that this positive link is stronger in firms that disclose higher text quality of MD&A, is non-state owned and has fewer common owners. This study also discovers that, compared to their rival firms, firms with more optimistic MD&A tone show higher investment efficiency. However, their investment efficiency is not affected by rival firms’ MD&A tone. Research limitations/implications First, the empirical results should be carefully interpreted as they can only infer association instead of causality between forward-looking MD&A tones and subsequent investment efficiencies. Second, previous studies have criticised the low power of dictionary-based tone measures (Li, 2010). Therefore, similar to other studies that apply natural language text analysis techniques, the selection of MD&A tone measures and their reliability may affect empirical results. Finally, in the depth in this paper, this study did not further examine the effect of managerial characteristics and corporate governance mechanisms on the relationship between forward-looking MD&A tones and subsequent investment efficiencies. Originality/value Few studies have identified the relationship between firms’ forward-looking textual disclosures and their investment efficiency. The focus on MD&A tone provides an interesting yet underexplored perspective to the current literature.

Abstract In recent years, research on extreme contexts has expanded significantly, focussing on management practices in unusual or atypical work environments. However, individual behavioural responses in these settings have received less attention. Our study addresses this gap by using Job‐Demand Resources (JD‐R) theory to explore how extreme context exposure (i.e. frequent exposure to extreme events) influences counterproductive work behaviour towards the organisation (CWB‐O) in high‐risk contexts of aviation and shipping. In Study 1, based on data from 297 flight cadre, we found that extreme context exposure is positively linked to CWB‐O, with exhaustion linking the two variables. Study 2 replicated these findings with data from 309 seafarers, reinforcing the robustness of our results. Additionally, we identified authentic leadership and spirituality as key job and personal resources that moderate this relationship, reducing the impact of extreme context exposure on CWB‐O. We conclude by discussing the theoretical and practical implications of our findings, emphasising the importance of addressing individual behaviours in extreme work environments.

Purpose This study explores how inconsistency in environmental, social and governance (ESG) ratings affects the information environment of publicly traded companies in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on data from six ESG rating agencies covering listed Chinese firms from 2010 to 2022, we construct measures of pairwise ESG rating divergence and average them across 15 unique rater pairs. We then employ a battery of econometric methods to examine how inconsistencies in ESG ratings affect stock return synchronicity in the Chinese capital market. Findings Our findings indicate that greater ESG rating divergence correlates with increased stock return synchronicity, suggesting a decline in the dissemination of firm-specific information. Supporting evidence for this relationship includes reduced private information flow, heightened opportunistic executive sales and decreased stock turnover for firms associated with higher ESG rating divergence. Our analysis suggests that such divergence hinders informed trading by institutional investors and the effect is more pronounced for firms with lower transparency, such as those with fewer analysts, limited investor oversight and sparse ESG disclosure, as well as for firms in non-polluting industries. These findings emphasize that ESG rating divergence exacerbates uncertainty about firms’ future performance, discourages informed trading and ultimately restricts the integration of firm-specific information into stock prices. Originality/value This study adds to the literature on ESG ratings and market efficiency by highlighting the importance of standardizing rating methodologies and improving corporate disclosure to counteract the adverse impacts of rating divergence.

Scholarly interest in refugee employment often centers on the barriers faced by this group of jobseekers. This study shifts focus to employers, exploring how their practices address recruitment challenges. Our qualitative investigation of 39 Australia-based employers identifies two sets of barriers—proximal and distal—and the corresponding practices employers adopt to overcome them. We find that these barriers differ in the assumed scale, locus of influence, and the nature of impact. Through a practice theory lens, we demonstrate how employers’ responses to these barriers have the capacity to reproduce or alter the socio-structural conditions in which refugee employment takes place. While most employers focus on adaptive practices targeting proximal barriers, transformative practices aimed at tackling the distal barriers play a key role in rectifying structural disparities in the recruitment of disadvantaged groups. Our study advances refugee employment literature by demonstrating how employers’ assumptions around the barriers can deter employer engagement and limit impact. We highlight the managerial implications by demonstrating how employers can drive meaningful change in areas traditionally considered the domain of other actors, effectively addressing challenges in the employment landscape.

Offering a concise and easy-to-read introduction to the subject, this book deals with key topics in the study of coaching psychology. It explains what coaching psychology is, when and why it is used, and what research can tell us about how and why it works. The book opens with an exploration of the key foundations of coaching psychology, including how it is defined, where it began, and how has it developed. This is followed by an overview of the key theories informing coaching psychology: person-centred theories, goal-setting theory, adult learning theory, and the main theoretical approaches to coaching (behavioural coaching, cognitive behavioural coaching, psychodynamic coaching, and systemic coaching). The authors discuss the key methodologies used in coaching psychology research, covering both quantitative and qualitative approaches, before exploring the impact of coaching psychology on five areas of practice: coaching in the workplace, career coaching, coaching in education, life coaching, and health coaching. Finally, they suggest future directions for the field by examining emerging areas in research and practice. Academically informed, and fully integrating key theories with application in coaching practice, this book gives readers a comprehensive yet accessible understanding of coaching psychology. Key Topics in Coaching Psychology is the ideal resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students of coaching psychology and occupational psychology, business, and leadership, as well as anyone with an interest in learning more about coaching psychology.