Hodeidah University

This paper investigates a class of implicit neutral fractional integro-differential equations of Volterra–Fredholm type. The equations incorporate a tempered fractional derivative in the Caputo sense, along with both retarded (delay) and advanced arguments. The problem is formulated on a time domain segmented into past, present, and future intervals and includes nonlinear mixed integral operators. Using Banach’s contraction mapping principle and Schauder’s fixed point theorem, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions within the space of continuous functions. The study is then extended to general Banach spaces by employing Darbo’s fixed point theorem combined with the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness. Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability is also analyzed under appropriate conditions. To demonstrate the practical applicability of the theoretical framework, explicit examples with specific nonlinear functions and integral kernels are provided. Furthermore, detailed numerical simulations are conducted using MATLAB-based specialized algorithms, illustrating solution convergence and behavior in both finite-dimensional and Banach space contexts.

Emotional intelligence (EI) is essential for nursing professionals, supporting holistic care and resilience to stress. The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Short Form (TEIQue-SF) is widely used internationally, but its psychometric properties have not been validated among Arab nursing students, where cultural norms may influence emotional perception and regulation. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the internal consistency, construct validity, and factor structure of the Arabic TEIQue-SF in undergraduate nursing students, and (2) explore associations between EI, academic performance, and selected demographic and socioeconomic variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 769 nursing students from Assiut University, Egypt. The TEIQue-SF was translated into Arabic using a forward–backward translation process, followed by expert review and pilot testing. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to validate the factor structure of the Arabic version based on the original, well-established model. Criterion-related validity was also examined. Non-parametric analyses were used to explore associations with academic and socioeconomic indicators. The Arabic TEIQue-SF showed excellent reliability (α = 0.955 overall; subscales α = 0.821–0.884). CFA confirmed the original four-factor model: Well-being, Self-control, Emotionality, and Sociability. Sociability and Well-being had the strongest factor loadings, aligning with cultural emphasis on interpersonal and emotional resilience. Well-being and Emotionality were significantly associated with academic performance (p = 0.022, p = 0.033). Students with financial hardship reported unexpectedly higher Emotionality and Self-control. The Arabic TEIQue-SF demonstrates strong internal consistency and a four-factor structure in a large sample of Egyptian nursing students; additional evidence (measurement invariance, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity) is needed to confirm its broader psychometric robustness across the Arab region. Findings support its use in education and research to foster emotionally intelligent, culturally competent nursing professionals. Not applicable.

As entrepreneurial ventures in emerging economies face growing pressures to remain competitive while adopting environmentally responsible practices, the integration of digital technologies into sustainability-oriented accounting has become increasingly essential. In this context, Green Digital Accounting (GDA) offers a promising pathway for improving both environmental accountability and financial outcomes. This study investigates the influence of GDA on financial sustainability and business performance among entrepreneurial ventures. Employing quantitative research design and survey data, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to assess the relationships among GDA, financial sustainability, business performance, and Digital Financial Literacy (DFL). The findings demonstrate that GDA significantly enhances financial sustainability and business performance, with financial sustainability playing a mediating role in transforming environmentally conscious accounting practices into improved organisational outcomes. Furthermore, DFL positively moderates the relationship between GDA and business performance, indicating that entrepreneurs with stronger digital financial skills are better able to leverage GDA for strategic and financial gains. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and firms by emphasising the need for DFL training and the adoption of environmentally integrated accounting practices to support sustainable entrepreneurial development. This research is among the first to empirically establish the strategic role of GDA in promoting sustainable entrepreneurship within emerging economies.

PurposeFetal ultrasound imaging is critical for prenatal care, demanding accurate anatomical interpretation. This study evaluates the potential of Vision Large Language Models (LLMs) in interpreting fetal ultrasound images, exploring whether tailored prompts can enhance performance compared to standard prompts, and assessing their utility in clinical settings.MethodsNine fetal ultrasound images were analyzed using six advanced Vision LLMs via the Chatbot Arena platform. Standard prompts were compared against expert-crafted tailored questions. Three expert sonographers assessed the models’ outputs across five criteria—anatomical recognition, biometric potential, picture quality, normalcy assessment, and clinical recommendations—using a Likert scale (1–5).ResultsStandard prompts yielded limited interpretative accuracy. In contrast, custom prompts significantly improved performance, with Claude Sonnet 3.5 and ChatGPT4o achieving median scores of 19 and 18, respectively. Models excelled in analyzing fetal femur and trans-cerebellum images, with clinical advice being the easiest to identify. Challenges persisted in precise anatomical identification and image quality assessment, revealing limitations in visual recognition. Smaller models like pixtral-12b showed notable improvement with tailoring, suggesting fine-tuning potential, while larger models did not consistently outperform smaller ones, indicating factors beyond model size influence efficacy.ConclusionTailored prompts markedly enhance Vision LLMs’ ability to interpret fetal ultrasound images, supporting their potential as aids in prenatal diagnosis and education. However, limitations in anatomical precision and image quality assessment persist. Future research should focus on refining models with specialized datasets, optimizing architectures, and advancing prompt engineering to maximize clinical utility.

In this study, we explore the solutions of fractional differential equations (FDEs) involving the Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo derivative, subject to both integral and impulsive implicit boundary conditions. To establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions, we utilize the Banach Contraction Mapping Principle and Krasnoselskiis fixed point theorem. The Banach principle helps demonstrate the uniqueness by showing the mapping is a contraction under suitable conditions, while Krasnoselskiis theorem is applied to confirm the existence of solutions without requiring strict contraction. An illustrative example is provided to support the theoretical results, demonstrating how the applied methods effectively guarantee the solvability of the given fractional boundary value problem. The example also highlights the practical relevance of the theoretical framework developed. This approach contributes to the broader understanding of FDEs, especially those modeled with nonlocal and impulsive implicit conditions, which are increasingly important in various scientific and engineering applications.

This study investigates how entrepreneurship education (EE) influences innovation (IN) and new venture creation (NVC), with financial literacy (FL) examined as a potential moderating factor among university students in Oman. The research responds to the pressing need for effective educational interventions to enhance entrepreneurial outcomes among youth, particularly within the context of economic diversification strategies like Oman Vision 2040. Adopting a quantitative approach, data were collected from 213 students enrolled in entrepreneurship-related programs, and structural equation modelling was used to analyse relationships among the variables. The results reveal that EE has a significant positive effect on both IN (β = 0.531, p < 0.001) and NVC (β = 0.478, p < 0.001), highlighting the importance of structured entrepreneurial learning in driving innovation and venture creation. However, FL did not significantly moderate the relationships between EE and either IN or NVC. This suggests that financial literacy, in isolation, may not substantially enhance entrepreneurial outcomes unless embedded within experiential or contextual learning. The study concludes that while entrepreneurship education is a critical driver of innovation and new ventures, its effectiveness can be enhanced by integrating practical, real-world financial applications. It recommends that policymakers and educators focus on experiential learning models and cross-disciplinary curricula to better equip students for entrepreneurial success.

This work is a generalization of the coupled system of fractional differential equations governed by the multi-term [psi ,w]-Caputo-Fabrizio derivatives. Different fractional dynamics are supported by the kernel weight and monotone functions, and the system incorporates nonlinear, nonlocal initial conditions. Banach’s and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorems are applied to prove the existence, uniqueness, and Ulam-Hyers stability theorems. Furthermore, Schauder’s fixed point theorem and the controllability Gramian are used to investigate controllability conclusions for both linear and nonlinear scenarios. To demonstrate the system’s adaptability and broad applicability, several special cases are discussed. An example is provided to demonstrate how theoretical results are validated. The suggested system is used as a practical application to simulate the dynamics of an epidemic involving susceptible, infected, and recovered populations, proving the framework’s applicability and flexibility in real-world problems.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is the most prevalent bacterial infection globally and affecting approximately 50%-75% of worlds of population. It is recognized as a significant high-risk factor for chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and functional dyspepsia. Aim of this study: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection among females in Hodeidah City, Yemen. Subjects and methods: Study design: A cross-sectional study design was used. Setting: This study conducted in Al-Mina districts in Hodiedah City, Yemen. Subjects: 202 females participated in this study from February 2024 to February 2025. Tools of data collection: Data was collected by three tools: Tool I: Demographic characteristics. Tool II: clinical signs and symptoms of the participants and Tool III: laboratory tests for H. pylori antigen and antibody were used to detect the H. pylori infection. Result: The study results indicate that the infection rate was 19% as H. pylori antigen and 29.8% H. pylori antibodies among females. The highest rate of infection by H. pylori-Ag was recorded in Al-Hali district (22.4%), whereas H. pylori-Ab was recorded in Al-Hawak district (35.8%). Conclusion: There was a significant association between the prevalence of H. pylori infection and the consumption of raw vegetables for H. pylori antigen. Also, there was a significant association between the prevalence of H. pylori infection and previously infected and clinical symptoms for H. pylori antibody. Recommendations: This study recommended that avoiding consuming of unwashed raw vegetables and fruits, wash hands frequently after defecation, and before meals to reduce spreading of H. pyloric infection among females. Regular treatment of H. pylori infection to avoid transmission of this type of infection particularly between females.