Holy Family Hospital

In the c formation and automation, efficient ai.d accurate text recognition plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between human writing and comp riting and compu, interpretation. Our project, the Handwritten Character Recognition (HCR) System using leural Networks, addresses this need by establishing an intelligent model capable of identifying and classifying handwi racter with high precision. The system utilizes deep learning techniques, specifically Convolutional Neurai Networks (CNNs), to analyze handwritten input images and cotvert them into machine-readable text. Built on a scalab t neural network architecture, this system employs advanced prepro- cessing methods su nage normalization, noise reduction, and segmentation to ensure accurate recognition. The crained using a large set of handwritien samples, enabling the model to learn diverse writing styles and patterns. The The trained model then predicts the corresponding characters with improved accuracy through multiple feature extre tion and classification layers.

BACKGROUNDHospitalization and intravenous (IV) procedures are known to provoke significant pain and anxiety in preschool children, potentially leading to long-term psychological distress. Despite growing evidence supporting distraction techniques, practical, low-cost interventions suited for resource-limited settings remain underutilized.AIMTo determine the effectiveness of a nurse-led multimodal distraction intervention – comprising balloon blowing, art therapy, and kaleidoscope use – in reducing pain and anxiety during IV therapy among hospitalized preschool children.METHODSA posttest-only controlled observational study was conducted at Shri Vinoba Bhave Civil Hospital, India. A total of 600 hospitalized preschoolers (aged 3-6 years) were randomly allocated to either an experimental group (n = 300; distraction intervention) or control group (n = 300; routine care). Pain was measured using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, and anxiety was assessed using the Visual Analogue Anxiety Scale. The distraction intervention included daily 5-minute sessions: (1) Pre-procedure familiarization (balloon/art); (2) Intra-procedure distraction (kaleidoscope and balloon blowing); and (3) Post-procedure relaxation. Outcomes were evaluated on day 3. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and correlation analysis.RESULTSChildren in the experimental group had significantly lower pain scores [mean ± SD (3.07 ± 1.39)] than the control group (8.80 ± 1.01) (t = 58.56, P < 0.00001). Anxiety levels were also reduced in the experimental group (5.85 ± 1.56 mm) compared to controls (9.39 ± 0.73 mm) (t = 35.55, P < 0.00001). A moderate positive correlation was found between pain and anxiety in both groups (experimental: r = 0.67; control: r = 0.66; P < 0.05). Significant associations were also found between pain levels and variables such as age, IV site, cannula size, and medication type (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates that a simple, low-cost, nurse-led multimodal distraction strategy can significantly reduce pain and anxiety in preschool children undergoing IV therapy. Its ease of use and scalability make it highly suitable for immediate integration into pediatric care, especially in low-resource healthcare settings.

Airway management is central to the care of critically ill patients, yet it remains one of the most challenging interventions in emergency departments and intensive care units. Patients often present with severe physiological instability, limited cardiopulmonary reserve, and high acuity, while clinicians often work under constraints related to time for preparation, equipment availability, trained workforce, monitoring, and access to advanced rescue techniques. These challenges are particularly pronounced in low- and middle-income countries and other resource-limited or austere environments, where the margin for error is narrow and delays or repeated attempts in airway management may rapidly precipitate hypoxemia, hemodynamic collapse, or cardiac arrest. Although contemporary airway guidelines emphasize structured preparation and rescue pathways, many assume resources that are not consistently available in such settings. This narrative review discusses pragmatic, context-adapted strategies for airway management in constrained environments, with emphasis on physiology-first preparation, appropriate oxygenation and induction techniques, simplified rapid-sequence intubation, and the judicious use of basic airway adjuncts, supraglottic devices, and video laryngoscopy, where available. Adapted difficult airway algorithms, front-of-neck access in the absence of surgical backup, human factors, team training, and ethical considerations are also addressed. This review aims to support safer and effective airway management for critically ill patients in resource-limited emergency and intensive care settings.

&lt;b&gt;Aim:&lt;/b&gt; Retinopathy Of Prematurity is a complex disease of developing retinal vasculature that primarily affects one or both eyes of premature babies. There are certain risk factors for ROP like RDS, CPAP, Mechanical Ventilation, Prolonged oxygen supplementation and few others. Screening of high-risk neonates at the right time will lead to early diagnosis and treatment thus preventing blindness due to ROP.&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Methods: &lt;/b&gt;After getting approval from ethical committee, this study was carried out from 1-9-2019 to 31-8-2020. It included 177 neonates based on inclusion criteria. Babies were screened by ophthalmologist trained in ROP screening. Pupils were dilated using 0.5% Tropicamide+2.5% Phenylephrine eye drops till dilation was obtained. To study the incidence of ROP and associated risk factors of ROP in, (a)Preterm with gestational age of ≤ 34 weeks and/or birth weight &amp;lt; 1750 gm. (b) Selected preterm with birth weight 1751-2000gm and/or 34-36 weeks who are at high risk due to associated risk factors.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Results: &lt;/b&gt;The present study observed the incidence of ROP as 29.94%. On univariate analysis, Prematurity (P&amp;lt;0.001), Low Birth Weight (P&amp;lt;0.001), Supplemental Oxygen (P&amp;lt;0.001), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), Apnea of Prematurity (AOP) (P&amp;lt;0.001), Blood transfusion (P&amp;lt;0.001), Sepsis (P&amp;lt;0.001), Feed Intolerance (P&amp;lt;0.001), Phototherapy (P&amp;lt;0.001), and Singleton Pregnancy (P&amp;lt;0.01) have risk factors for ROP.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Conclusion: &amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;Reducing the incidence of ROP may be achievable through the prevention of prematurity, careful management of at-risk infants, and minimization of contributing risk factors. Effective screening and timely intervention will prevent the progression of ROP to end stages thus decreasing the incidence of Blindness.

Objectives: The use of chemical shift imaging (CSI) for characterizing localized and diffuse bone marrow lesions is well established. However, the CSI characteristics of soft-tissue musculoskeletal tumors have not yet been established. The aim of this study is to describe the CSI features of soft-tissue tumors and establish their potential clinical usefulness. Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging with CSI of eighty histopathologically proven musculoskeletal soft tissue tumors was retrospectively assessed. In-phase and out-of-phase signal intensity was measured to calculate the percentage reduction in signal (drop-out). Signal drop-out was correlated with histopathological diagnosis. Results: Based on the histopathological diagnosis, 80 patients in our study were grouped in 5 cohorts comprising lipomatous, lipomatous variant, neural, myxoid, and other soft tissue tumors. The mean signal drop was highest in the lipoma variant cohort (−27.4 ± 18.5%), followed by the lipoma cohort (−12.4 ± 5.9%), the neural tumors cohort (−2.7 ± 5.2%), the myxoid tumors cohort (−1.9 ± 5.2%), and the other soft tissue tumor cohort (0.8±18.3%). The difference was statistically significant ( P &lt; 0.001). Signal dropout demonstrated good ability to identify lipoma variants with an area-under-the curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69–0.99). There was excellent intra-observer reliability (intra-class co-efficient [ICC] = 0.996, 95% C.I. 0.990–0.998) and inter-observer reliability (ICC 0.990, 95% C.I. 0.971–0.996). Conclusion: Lipoma variants demonstrate increased signal dropout compared to other soft-tissue tumors; CSI shows promise in augmenting the diagnostic pathway in the evaluation of soft tissue tumors.

Background: Bihar is considered as a ‘hot spot’ for rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of RHD among school children in Patna district in Bihar. Methods: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in school children of Patna district. Results: This study estimated that the prevalence of RHD was 1.06 per 1,000 among school children in Patna. None of the factors, including mother’s education, father's education, and family income, was a significant risk factor for its causation. Conclusions: Considering the significant morbidity and mortality it causes, preventive measures at all levels, especially the secondary prevention, must be applied in any region to reduce the disease burden of RHD and its impact on society due to disease severity.

Hydatid cysts infrequently affect the genital tract, with uterine involvement being exceptionally rare. Diagnosing such cases is challenging due to potentially misleading clinical and radiological findings, with confirmation often achieved only through surgical exploration and histopathological examination. In this article, we present case of a disseminated hydatid disease with rare uterine involvement.