HuMA

In fashion design education, students are taught how to prepare 2D patterns to create 3D garments through flat pattern making and draping courses. However, there is a lack of focus on garment fitting, and students are expected to have a natural intuition regarding fit corrections. As a result, most students graduate without gaining the crucial skill of reading misfit signs in 3D and acting on correcting 2D patterns accordingly. For this reason, in the current study, we developed a novel skill test instrument based on the Extended Skill Cycle Model using 3D simulations to quantify students' fit correction skills. We evaluated the instrument’s reliability and validity for its suitability in teaching and research applications. Fit correction questions with virtual garment simulations were designed, and participants were provided with three potential pattern modification options, out of which one option corrected garment fit. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined using Cronbach’s alpha, and validity was analyzed by comparing pre- and post-training scores, comparing scores of participants with different levels of experience, and calculating the item difficulty and discrimination index. There was a positive correlation between the pre- and posttraining test scores, confirming that the instrument could measure the increase in skill level. In addition, the pre-training scores of participants at the very minimum patternmaking experience level were lower than those of participants with higher experience levels. Therefore, our instrument could be used in patternmaking courses in fashion design education to measure student skill development.

Mental health is affected by tryptophane (TRP) metabolism regulation. Diet-influenced gut microbiome regulates TRP metabolism. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between type of dietary protein intake, gut microbiota, TRP metabolites homeostasis, and mental well-being in healthy women. 91 healthy females aged 18–50 were recruited based on the study protocol. Validate and reliable questionnaires assessed dietary intake and mental health. Biochemical tests and gut microbiota composition were analyzed following the manufacturer’s instructions for each enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kit and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods respectively. Regression methods were used to estimate the considered associations. The results show that in the fully adjusted model, plant protein consumption was partially inversely associated with depression risk (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.06, 1.09; P = 0.06). Higher dietary animal protein intake was marginally associated with psychological distress (OR = 2.59; 95% CI: 0.91, 7.34; P = 0.07). KYN to serotonin ratio was inversely associated with animal protein consumption (ß = 1.10; 95% CI: -0.13, 2.33; P = 0.07). Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio (β = -1.27 × 103, SE = 5.99 × 102, P = 0.03) was lower in the top tertile of plant protein. A partially negative correlation was found between dietary animal protein and Prevotella abundance (β = -9.20 × 1018, SE = 5.04 × 1018, P = 0.06). Overall, significant inverse associations were found between a diet high in plant protein with mental disorders, KYN levels, and Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio while adhering to higher animal protein could predispose women to psychological stress.

Abstract Escolar (Lepidocybium flavobrunneum) and oilfish (Ruvettus pretiosus) are by-catches of tuna and classified as deep-sea fish that are able to occupy a depth of 200 meters under ocean level. These fish are able to be used as a fount of fish oil (FO) production due to their high fat content, up to 13.30%. This research objectives to determine fat content, oil yield, fatty acid (FA) profiles, oxidation parameters, and the potential of deep-sea FO as immunostimulants agent by in vitro method. The research method employed was wet lab-based, encompassing the extraction of deep-sea fish oil using the wet rendering method at a temperature of 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C for 1 hour utilizing a water bath. The extracted oil yield was quantified, and its potential as an immunostimulant was identified through an in vitro MTT assay. The dominant FA in escolar and oilfish were oleic acid (C18:1n-9c) 26.85% (w/w) and 23.02% (w/w), respectively. Splenocyte proliferation activity showed that oilfish and escolar FO were able to raise splenocyte proliferation, so they got the potential to act as immunostimulants.

Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) is a rare condition where individuals are born with an inability to perceive pain. This can lead to various complications in the skin, skeletal system, and other bodily systems. Chronic osteomyelitis is one of the possible manifestations of CIP, which can be difficult to diagnose and treat due to the lack of pain as a diagnostic criterion. A 5-year-old boy with CIP developed chronic osteomyelitis in his right leg, presented with fever, claudication, swelling, and local heat for 2 months. He had a history of CIP since birth, diagnosed at 18 months of age. He also had a family history of CIP. He had previously suffered a shoulder fracture and had taken asthma medication for 1 year. He had experienced tonsillitis 2 months ago. On examination, he had hepatomegaly, enlarged lymph nodes in the groin, and a minor swelling on the right knee. He had an audible snapping sound during knee flexion. Blood tests showed increased inflammatory markers. Imaging studies confirmed presence of osteomyelitis, and bone biopsy revealed infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment included vancomycin and cefotaxime. Genetic factors behind CIP were discussed, highlighting challenges in diagnosis. Manifestations of CIP, diverse and age-related, include orthopaedic issues, ophthalmological effects, and thermoregulation disturbances. The patient's case is presented with unique features, necessitating a comprehensive diagnostic approach. This case highlights the challenges faced in diagnosing osteomyelitis among CIP patients and emphasizes the need for other diagnostic criteria apart from pain.

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs), according to the NOVA classification food system, are food products that are processed using advanced processing technology, which improves palatability and sensory quality. However, UPFs increase the daily intake of energy, sodium, sugar, and total fat (including saturated fat), and decrease the intake of fiber. This might trigger overweight and obesity, the initial stages of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, the effect of UPF consumption on NCDs remains under debate. This study aimed to synthesize the effect size of UPF dose response on various NCDs by using a meta-analysis method. The main output was a hazard ratio (HR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) selection guidelines, 18 research articles were chosen for further effect size synthesis. The results showed that UPF consumption significantly increased the daily intake of carbohydrates, added sugar, saturated fat, sodium, energy, cholesterol, and total fat; increases of 49.64, 40.78, 30.00, 27.76, 26.67, 25.69, and 15.77%, respectively, were observed. Moreover, with UPF consumption, the fiber intake was way below the daily dietary recommendation (DR), at −38.55%. Further, a 10% increment in UPF consumption significantly affects diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer (HR ± 95% CI: 1.115 ± 0.044, 1.096 ± 0.053, 1.068 ± 0.050, and 1.020 ± 0.020, respectively). Thus, limiting daily UPF consumption could help prevent obesity and various NCDs.

BackgroundPoint mutations in histone variant H3.3 (H3.3K27M, H3.3G34R) and the H3.3-specific ATRX/DAXX chaperone complex are frequent events in pediatric gliomas. These H3.3 point mutations affect many chromatin modifications but the exact oncogenic mechanisms are currently unclear. Histone H3.3 is known to localize to nuclear compartments known as promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies, which are frequently mutated and confirmed as oncogenic drivers in acute promyelocytic leukemia.ResultsWe find that the pediatric glioma-associated H3.3 point mutations disrupt the formation of PML nuclear bodies and this prevents differentiation down glial lineages. Similar to leukemias driven by PML mutations, H3.3-mutated glioma cells are sensitive to drugs that target PML bodies. We also find that point mutations in IDH1/2—which are common events in adult gliomas and myeloid leukemias—also disrupt the formation of PML bodies.ConclusionsWe identify PML as a contributor to oncogenesis in a subset of gliomas and show that targeting PML bodies is effective in treating these H3.3-mutated pediatric gliomas.

Background and Aims: The current success of IVF treatments was aided by the fulminant ascent of recombinant DNA technologies. Follitropin delta (FD) is used to promote ovarian follicular proliferation. This research was aimed to investigate the current evidence and development of follitropin delta in its novel in Indonesia. Method: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Yasmin IVF Center, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta from January 2021 to October 2022. All IVF/ICSI cycles in which follitropin delta (RekovelleⓇ, FE 999049; Ferring Pharmaceuticals, St. Prex, Switzerland) was used for ovarian stimulation. The outcome data were collected, including initial dose, and total dose of follitropin delta, retrieved oocytes, fertilized eggs, blastocyst day 3-5, embryo transfer, clinical pregnancy rates, and clinical implantation rates. The collected patients’ data (n = 20) who underwent IVF and received follitropin delta ovarian stimulation were divided into 2 groups by age (under 35 years and above 35 years). Results: The average oocyte, blastocyst, and embryo day 3 obtained in the study sample were higher in women under 35 years old. The pregnancy rate was higher in group 1 (33,30% vs. 25,0%) which was assessed based on a positive b-HCG results and a P4 value after receiving FET. Patients who followed follitropin delta ovarian stimulation had a pregnancy rate of 30%. Follitropin delta can be used in patients to successfully obtain a pregnancy in both groups, as it achieves higher result in women under 35 years old (33.3% vs. 25%). Conclusion: Optimizing ovarian response in IVF by using a program of follitropin delta dose achieved considerable rise in the quantity of good-quality, usable blastocysts. Assessing follitropin delta in individualized protocols and improving understanding of the dosages can help clinicians in evaluating follitropin delta in their conventional protocols.

The analysis of longitudinal data from electronic health records (EHRs) has the potential to improve clinical diagnoses and enable personalized medicine, motivating efforts to identify disease subtypes from patient comorbidity information. Here we introduce an age-dependent topic modeling (ATM) method that provides a low-rank representation of longitudinal records of hundreds of distinct diseases in large EHR datasets. We applied ATM to 282,957 UK Biobank samples, identifying 52 diseases with heterogeneous comorbidity profiles; analyses of 211,908 All of Us samples produced concordant results. We defined subtypes of the 52 heterogeneous diseases based on their comorbidity profiles and compared genetic risk across disease subtypes using polygenic risk scores (PRSs), identifying 18 disease subtypes whose PRS differed significantly from other subtypes of the same disease. We further identified specific genetic variants with subtype-dependent effects on disease risk. In conclusion, ATM identifies disease subtypes with differential genome-wide and locus-specific genetic risk profiles.

Alternative splicing generates functional diversity in isoforms, impacting immune response to infection. Here, we evaluate the causal role of alternative splicing in COVID-19 severity and susceptibility by applying two-sample Mendelian randomization to cis-splicing quantitative trait loci and the results from COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. We identify that alternative splicing in lung, rather than total expression of OAS1, ATP11A, DPP9 and NPNT, is associated with COVID-19 severity. MUC1 and PMF1 splicing is associated with COVID-19 susceptibility. Colocalization analyses support a shared genetic mechanism between COVID-19 severity with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at the ATP11A and DPP9 loci, and with chronic obstructive lung diseases at the NPNT locus. Last, we show that ATP11A, DPP9, NPNT, and MUC1 are highly expressed in lung alveolar epithelial cells, both in COVID-19 uninfected and infected samples. These findings clarify the importance of alternative splicing in lung for COVID-19 and respiratory diseases, providing isoform-based targets for drug discovery.