IMU Institut (Germany)

Antanas Andrijauskas 2023. Čiurlionis: Nesuprasto genijaus tragiškas skrydis: monografija, t. 1, Vilnius: Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas. ISBN 978-609-8231-68-7, 632 p. Antanas Andrijauskas 2024. Čiurlionis: Nesuprasto genijaus tragiškas skrydis: monografija, t. 2, Vilnius: Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas. ISBN 978-609-8231-83-0, 880 p.

Traneksamo rūgštis – tai sintetinis antifibrinolitinis preparatas, naudojamas kraujavimui stabdyti įvairiose medicinos srityse, įskaitant akušeriją ir ginekologiją. NICE rekomenduoja traneksamo rūgštį skirti pacientams, jei operacijos metu prognozuojamas daugiau nei 500 ml kraujo netekimas, pvz., atliekant histerektomiją. Traneksamo rūgštis sumažina kraujo perpylimo poreikį, hospitalizacijos trukmę ir sveikatos sistemos išlaidas. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiamos traneksamo rūgšties vartojimo galimybės ginekologijoje ir naujausių tyrimų duomenys,taip pat aptariami saugumas bei galimas nepageidaujamas poveikis.

This article examines the main trends in the application of the concept of bilingualism in special education institutions. Bilingualism is used in the teaching of two or more languages in accordance with modern education and has a positive impact on the development of people with special needs. The article analyzes existing approaches to the application of bilingualism methods, the problems encountered and ways to solve them. At the same time, the importance of selecting bilingualism models in accordance with the characteristics of educational institutions and the professional training of teachers is emphasized. The research results show that bilingualism plays an important role in the development of language skills of students in the special education system, social integration and improving the quality of education. Bilingualism should be taught through integrated lessons, allow students to perceive the world as a whole system and perform a coordinating function between different areas. This approach creates the opportunity for students to learn topics in interaction, as a result, their worldview becomes deeper and more diverse. At the same time, the future importance of binary teaching practice is great, because it helps students develop not only theoretical knowledge, but also the ability to apply that knowledge in practice.

Aim. To assess the lifestyle habits of sixth-year students of the Faculty of Medicine and medical and dental residents of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences and their intentions to provide lifestyle medicine consultations to patients.Materials and methods. An anonymous, instantaneous questionnaire survey of students and residents was conducted between August and November 2022. The questionnaire contained 39 questions about the subjects' lifestyle habits and intentions to apply lifestyle knowledge when consulting patients. A link to the questionnaire and an invitation to participate in the study were distributed to students and residents via email. The response rate was 38.8 percent.Results. Females were more likely to choose fresh vegetables, fruits, and berries every day, while men were more likely to consume red meat every day and choose sweetened beverages. Males were more likely to be overweight than females. Almost two-thirds of the respondents experienced significant emotional stress. As many as 29.2 percent of the respondents consumed alcohol at least once a week, and a third smoked daily or occasionally. About half of the respondents had sufficient knowledge to provide counseling on nutrition and physical activity. A third of all respondents noted that they had sufficient knowledge to counsel patients on quitting bad habits. Most often, the respondents intended to provide counseling on nutrition and physical activity to patients (69.9 percent and 67.3 percent, respectively). Future doctors noted that lifestyle counseling is usually not provided due to a lack of time. Most indicated that a family doctor or a lifestyle medicine specialist should provide lifestyle counseling. Relationships were found between the future doctors' lifestyle and their intention to provide counseling: those who consumed fresh vegetables daily had more knowledge to provide counseling on nutrition and weight management issues, and those who exercised 2-3 times a week were more likely to provide physical activity counseling.Conclusions. Only some of the future doctors followed healthy lifestyle recommendations. Females’ lifestyle habits were healthier compared to males. Most medical students and residents are positive about counseling patients on healthy lifestyle issues, but they would like to gain more knowledge in all lifestyle areas.

The teaching material Society and the Kingdom of God was prepared for teaching Christian Studies in grades 7/8 in Danish primary schools and was included as an appendix to the author's PhD thesis. It deals with contrasting values ​​and principles in two parables from the Gospel of Matthew and establishes a connection between one of the parables and a specific way of organizing a welfare state. The teaching material connects the Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard (Matthew 20:1-20) with the free-of-charge principle, which prevails in the universal (Scandinavian) welfare state model, while the Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25:14-30) is related to the something-for-something principle, which concerns merit and applies in the labour market. The teaching material focuses on opposing views on equality and justice in both the New Testament and our Nordic way of organizing society. Furthermore, the teaching material links the three typical welfare state models to Lutheranism, Calvinism and Catholicism. Key words: religious education, biblical studies, parables, welfare states, christian confessions

Light nanoscopy is attracting widespread interest for the visualization of fluorescent structures at the nanometre scale. Recently, a variety of methods have overcome the diffraction limit, yet in practice they are often constrained by the requirement of special fluorophores, nontrivial data processing, or a high price and complex implementation. Therefore, confocal microscopy, yielding a relatively low resolution, is still the dominant method in biosciences. It was shown that image scanning microscopy (ISM) with an array detector could improve the resolution of confocal microscopy. Here, we review the principles of the confocal microscopy and present a simple method based on ISM with a different image reconstruction approach, which can be easily implemented in any camera-based laser-scanning set-up to experimentally obtain the theoretical resolution limit of confocal microscopy. Our method, single pixel reconstruction imaging (SPiRI), enables high-resolution 3D imaging utilizing image formation only from a single pixel of each of the recorded frames. We achieve the experimental axial resolution of 330 nm, which was not shown before by basic confocal or ISM-based systems. The SPiRI method exhibits a low lateral-to-axial FWHM aspect ratio, which means a considerable improvement in 3D fluorescence imaging. As a demonstration of SPiRI, we present the 3D-structure of a bacterial chromosome with an excellent precision.

Abstract Understanding how species can form and remain isolated in the marine environment still stimulates active research. Here we study the differentiation and the possibility of hybridization among three temperate octocorals: Eunicella cavolini, Eunicella singularis, and Eunicella verrucosa. Morphologically intermediate individuals have been observed between them. Among these three species, E. singularis is the only one described in mutualistic symbiosis with photosynthetic Symbiodiniaceae. The symbiosis between Symbiodiniaceae and scleractinian corals is well studied, especially in the context of the response to anthropogenic climate change. Nevertheless, the potential role of symbiotic interactions in speciation processes remains unknown in cnidaria. We tested here the possibility of hybridization between symbiotic and non-symbiotic Eunicella species. Through multivariate analyses and hybrid detection, we prove the existence of on-going gene flow between E. singularis and E. cavolini, with the observation of F1 and F2 hybrids, and backcrosses. Demographic inferences indicate a scenario of secondary contact between these two species. Despite current gene flow, these two species appear genetically well differentiated. Our data also suggest an intermediate abundance of Symbiodiniaceae in the hybrids of the two parental populations. We discuss the evolution of the Symbiodiniaceae/cnidarian symbiosis in the light of our results.

Šiame straipsnyje pavardžių slavinimo ir formavimosi aspektais aptariama 400 joniškiečių užrašymų, surinktų iš 8-ių XVIII a. Joniškio aktų knygų. Šiuo laikotarpiu miesto gyventojų antroponimai buvo intensyviai lenkinti: dalis jų užfiksuota be galūnių; dominavo slaviškos patroniminės priesagos -evič, -ovič; dažnai vartotos lenkiškos -sk- tipo priesagos. Joniškio miestiečių asmenvardžiai buvo nepatroniminės kilmės antroponimai ir patronimai. Pateikta užtektinai XVIII a. įvardijimų, kurie liudija, kad joniškiečiai buvo užrašomi su paveldimais asmenvardžiais (pavardėmis).

This article considers the problem of immediacy of experience in the philosophy of Michel Henry and Tomas Sodeika. The article argues that the tension between the requirements of descriptiveness and performativity in phenomenological philosophy emerges particularly vividly in the work of these philosophers. Both philosophers understand the immediacy of experience as an oxymoronic structure that cannot be directly described, requiring very specific efforts and ingenuity from the phenomenologist in order to convey it to the reader. The article analyses and compares the strategies for reflecting on the immediacy of experience in the work of the authors in question. Both philosophers, while emphasising the imperative of performativity in phenomenology, face the intractable contradiction between experience mediated by its description and life that, strictly speaking, cannot be mediated. This raises the question not only about the limitations of phenomenology, but also, more generally, about the limitations of philosophy itself.

Imagination and creativity are emerging as human qualities that are seen as essential to finding new solutions to the challenges of the contemporary world. Recognizing that creativity is not only an individual, but also a communal trait, there is an increasing focus on creating a cultural and social environment that is conducive to creativity, where playfulness and imagination are valued, where freedom of expression is encouraged, and where openness to diversity and a tolerance for risk-taking and failure prevail. One of the fundamental elements of such an environment is the common societal perception that imagination is an important part of human activity. Using the data of the European Values Study, this article analyzes the attitude of Lithuanian society towards the importance of fostering of imagination, its socio-demographic differences and the dynamics of this attitude in 1990–2017.