Immanuel Medical Center

Abstract Background: Blood and oral fluid-based HIV self-tests are important for reaching the undiagnosed especially in key populations. The study objectives were to: (1) evaluate the oral fluid-based OraQuick® HIV Self-Test (HIV-ST) performance compared with laboratory reference testing; (2) document if intended users can correctly perform the HIV-ST; (3) document if intended users can successfully interpret contrived positive, negative, and invalid results; and (4) document if intended users can understand the key messages in the product labeling. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited consenting adults who were representative of intended users of HIV self-testing from four community sites in Canadian provinces between June 2022 and January 2024. The results of the observed HIV self-tests were compared with results of the laboratory-based “gold standard” Abbott Alinity HIV Antigen/Antibody Combo test. Usability outcomes for critical and noncritical self-test procedure steps were also determined. Results: Overall, 951 participants were recruited and consented with 911 available for all analyses. With respect to socio-demographics: 84% of participants were between 18-45 years of age, 73% had at least college education, 48% were cis-male, and 45% were employed; 26% identified as White, 23% as African, Caribbean or Black, 5% as Indigenous [First Nations, Métis or Inuit], 33% as Asian, and 6% as LatinX. Primary performance analysis on the 911 completed HIV-ST revealed a positive percent agreement of 100% (1/1) and a negative percent agreement of 100% (880/880, 95% CI: 99.9-100%) with the comparator method. For usability determination, the average success rate for steps identified as “critical” for successful completion of the test was 94.1%. Approximately 97% of participants found the instructions easy to follow, and 98% of participants indicated that they would use the test again. Of the 465 participants who interpreted the strong positive, weak positive, negative, and invalid contrived results, most participants were able to interpret the results correctly. Conclusions: Having an oral fluid-based HIV self-test approved in Canada can offer an accurate, acceptable, and less invasive alternative to blood-based HIV self-testing. The addition of an oral-fluid self-test along with the current licensed blood-based HIV self-test could significantly increase HIV testing rates by offering individuals a choice of self-testing devices.

Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) is a patient safety procedure in the form of a checklist created by WHO as the basis for actions carried out by the surgical team. The aim is to find out an overview of the Implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist. This research is quantitative descriptive observational. Checklist sheet instrument. Sample of 69 surgical patients using accidental sampling technique. The results of more than half of the implementation of SSC, namely 41 operations (59.4%) were in the poor category because the surgical team was less consistent in carrying out SSC in each phase, namely more than half of the implementation of sign-in, 39 operations (56.5%) were insufficient, the implementation of time out was 35 surgery (50.7%) was lacking and the implementation of sign out was 45 operations (65.5%) lacking. Conclusion: The implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist in the Central Surgical Unit at Santo Antonius Hospital Pontianak is in the poor category.

Prevalensi stunting mencapai angka 30,8% (Riskesdas, 2018). Stunting dibentuk oleh growth faltering dan catcth up growth yang tidak memadai serta mencerminkan ketidakmampuan untuk mencapai pertumbuhan optimal (Kemenkes RI, 2016). Salah satu penyebab stunting yaitu kurangnya asupan zat gizi esensial seperti iodium dan paparan pestisida. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui hubungan antara asupan iodium dan pestisida dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia sekolah di Desa Sukawening Kecamatan Ciwidey Kabupaten Bandung. Desain penelitiannya menggunakan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 31 orang anak sekolah. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan pengukuran antropometri (berat badan dan tinggi badan). Data yang terkumpul diolah dan dianalisa menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan karakteristik sampel penelitian ini meliputi sebagian besar sampel (22,6%) berumur 10 tahun, 9 tahun dan 8 tahun. Proporsi sampel berjenis kelamin perempuan (64,5%) dan laki-laki sebesar 35,5%. Sebagian besar responden bekerja sebagai buruh tani (41,9%) dan ibu rumahtangga (41,9%). Sebanyak 71% sampel asupan iodiumnya cukup dan lainnya kurang, 61,3% sampel tidak terpapar pestisida dan lainnya terapapar serta 19,4% sampel mengalami stunting dan lainnya tidak. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan antara asupan iodium (p=0,000) dan paparan pestisida (p=0,001) dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia sekolah di Desa Sukawening Kecamatan Ciwidey Kabupaten Bandung. Kata kunci: stunting, iodium, paparan pestisida.

Peningkatan kasus hipertensi pada kelompok lansia masih menjadi salah satu penyebab tingkat kematian penyakit tidak menular di dunia. Kepatuhan minum obat merupakan factor yang berkontribusi dalam pengendalian tekanan darah jangka panjang. Rendahnya kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan seringkali dikaitkan dengan pengetahuan, tingkat stress dan dukungan keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien lansia hipertensi. Desain cross sectional, menggunakan sampel 37 pasien lansia dengan hipertensi di Puskesmas Katapang. Instrumen penelitian meliputi kuesioner pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) dan Morinsky Adeherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar responden sebanyak 56.85% tidak patuh dan 43.2% patuh. Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan (p value = 0,033); tingkat stress (p value= 0,023); dukungan keluarga (p value = 0.013) dengan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi (p value < 0.05). Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan dan pelayanan kesehatan adalah dengan edukasi kesehatan terhadap pengaturan minum obat, melibatkan keluarga untuk memotivasi kepatuhan minum obat serta upaya promotive pengendalian stress pada lansia.

Diet is a method or effort to control the type and quantity of food consumed for a certain goal. Obesity is characterized as an abnormal or excessive buildup of fat that is harmful to health. Health education involves changing behaviors in a dynamic way, going beyond merely imparting knowledge or concepts from one person to another. The goal of this study was to ascertain how health education affected students at SMK Mahaputra Cerdas Utama in Bandung Regency's knowledge and attitudes regarding obesity prevention diets. The one group pretest-post test is used in this research method's pre-experimental study design. With a total of 125 respondents, proportionate stratified random sampling was employed as the sampling strategy. Test analysis using Wilcoxon. The results of the study of the knowledge variable are the p-value of 0.000 or <0.05. For the attitude variable, the p-value is 0.000 or <0.05. The conclusion of this study shows that there is an influence of health education on knowledge and attitudes about obesity prevention diets for students at SMK Mahaputra Cerdas Utama, Bandung Regency. It is recommended that students continue to adopt a healthy diet and increase physical activity that involves optimal body movement to prevent obesity.

ZusammenfassungFür die Behandlung von Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem HER2-negativem, hormonrezeptorpositivem Mammakarzinom sind in den letzten Jahren einige Substanzen in die Praxis eingeführt worden. Zusätzlich sind weitere Medikamente in der Entwicklung. Im letzten Jahr sind einige Studien veröffentlicht worden, die entweder einen Vorteil für das progressionsfreie Überleben oder aber auch für das Gesamtüberleben gezeigt haben. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst die neuesten Ergebnisse, welche auf aktuellen Kongressen oder in Fachzeitschriften veröffentlicht wurden, zusammen und ordnet sie in den klinischen Behandlungskontext ein. Insbesondere wird auf den Stellenwert einer Therapie mit CDK4/6 Inhibitoren, Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan, Sacituzumab-Govitecan und Capivasertib eingegangen. Für Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan wurde in der Destiny-Breast-04-Studie ein Gesamtüberlebensvorteil bei HER2-negativem Mammakarzinom mit einer niedrigen HER2-Expression (HER2-low expression) berichtet. Ebenso konnte ein Gesamtüberlebensvorteil in der FAKTION-Studie mit Capivasertib verzeichnet werden. Nach dem fehlenden Gesamtüberlebensvorteil für Palbociclib in der 1. Therapielinie stellt sich hier die Frage nach der klinischen Einordnung.

ABSTRAKMerokok merupakan masalah yang belum bisa terselesaikan hingga saat ini. Merokok sudah melanda berbagai kalangan, dari anak-anak, remaja sampai orang tua, laki-laki maupun perempuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengetahui Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja di SMAN 1 Soreang Kabupaten Bandung. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa usia remaja di SMAN 1 Soreang Kabupaten Bandung yang berjumlah 933 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 orang yang diambil dengan teknik pengambilan sampel proportional random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar remaja (51,1%) mendapatkan dukungan negatif dari orang tua, (53,3%) mendapatkan dukungan negatif dari teman sebaya, (64,4%) terpapar iklan rokok dan (70%) merupakan perokok ringan. Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara dukungan orang tua dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja dengan p value 0,185 > α (0,05), ada hubungan signifikan antara dukungan teman dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja dengan p value 0,002 < α (0,05) dan ada hubungan signifikan antara paparan iklan dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja dengan p value 0,039 < α (0,05). Kesimpulan ada hubungan signifikan antara dukungan teman sebaya dan paparan iklan dengan perilaku merokok, namun tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara paparan iklan dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja. Disarankan pihak sekolah wajib memberikan informasi dan sosialisasi berupa teguran atau larangan kepada remaja khususnya siswa laki-laki agar remaja tidak terpengaruh terhadap perilaku merokok sejak dini, baik pada jam sekolah maupun di luar sekolah.Kata Kunci                     : Perilaku, merokok, remajaDaftar Pustaka            : 9 sumberÂ

Class imbalance and overlapping on multi-class can reduce the performance and accuracy of the classification. Noise must also be considered because it can reduce the performance of classification. With a resampling algorithm and feature selection, this paper proposes a method for improving the performance of hybrid approach redefinition-multi class (HAR-MI). Resampling algorithm can overcome the problem of noise but cannot handle overlapping well. Feature selection is good at dealing with overlapping but can experience a decrease in quality if there is a noise. The HAR-MI approach is a way to deal with multi-class imbalance issues, but it has some drawbacks when dealing with overlapping. The contribution of this paper is to suggest a new approach for dealing with class imbalance, overlapping, and noise in multi-class. This is accomplished by employing minimizing overlapping selection (MOSS) as an ensemble learning algorithm and a preprocessing technique in HAR-MI, as well as employing multi-class combination cleaning and resampling (MC-CCR) as a resampling algorithm at the processing stage. When subjected to overlapping and classifier performance, it is discovered that the proposed method produces good results, as evidenced by higher augmented r-value, class average accuracy, class balance accuracy, multi class g-mean, and confusion entropy.

Stunted children will have normal cognitive ability if nutrition is improved. The rapid brain growth in the first 1,000 days of life means that children should not be malnourished. Stunting is generally caused by a lack of macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, and fat) and micronutrients (calcium and zinc). The mobile application called stunting child nutrition (GiAS) has features that can detect stunting, monitor toddler growth, recommend daily menus for toddlers, nutritional adequacy rate (RDA) in 2019, and others. The purpose of this study was to make it easier to distinguish macronutrients, zinc, and calcium from stunting and non-stunting children aged 12–24 months using the GiAS android application. It is conducted at the Citeureup Community Health Center, Cimahi city, for June–July 2020. The sampling technique was a simple random sampling of 88 respondents. This type of research is an observational analytic with a statistical test is a cross-sectional design. The results of the study using the Mann-Whitney test showed differences in carbohydrates (84.99±26.31 vs 151.16±68.43, p=0.001), protein (30.81±11.03 vs 60.55±38.43, p=0.001), fat (32.80±15.39 vs 64.84±47.81, p=0.001), and calcium (0.55±0.40 vs 1.43±1.16, p=0.001) and there is similarity of zinc (0.005±0.004 vs 0.010±0.016, p=0.084) after 7 days of using the GiAS application between stunting and non-stunting children. The probability value <0.05 means that the application can compare macronutrients, zinc, and calcium between stunted and non-stunted children on the 7th day. Chi-square analysis showed an increase in children's weight and height under five at two weeks and one month (p=0.001). In conclusion, the comparison of macronutrients, zinc, calcium in stunting and non-stunting children aged 12–24 months can be differentiated using the GiAS application. APLIKASI GIZI ANAK STUNTING (GIAS) BERBASIS ANDROID UNTUK MENILAI ZAT GIZI MAKRO, ZINC, DAN KALSIUM PADA ANAK STUNTING DAN NON-STUNTINGAnak stunting akan memiliki kognitif yang normal jika dilakukan perbaikan gizi yang optimal. Pertumbuhan otak yang pesat di 1.000 hari pertama kehidupan menjadikan anak tidak boleh kekurangan nutrisi. Stunting umumnya kekurangan zat gizi makro (karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak) serta zat gizi mikro (kalsium dan zinc). Aplikasi mobile bernama gizi anak stunting (GiAS) memiliki fitur yang dapat mendeteksi stunting, memantau pertumbuhan balita, merekomendasikan menu harian untuk balita, angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) tahun 2019, dan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah kemudahan membedakan zat gizi makro, zinc, dan kalsium anak stunting dengan non-stunting usia 12–24 bulan menggunakan aplikasi android GiAS di Puskesmas Citeureup Kota Cimahi periode Juni–Juli 2020. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah simpel random sampling sebanyak 88 responden. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan uji statistik adalah desain cross-sectional (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney terdapat perbedaan karbohidrat (84,99±26,31 vs 151,16±68,43; p=0,001), protein (30,81±11,03 vs 60,55±38,43; p=0,001), lemak (32,80±15,39 vs 64,84±47,81; p=0,001), dan kalsium (0,55±0,40 vs 1,43±1,16; p=0,001) serta ada persamaan zinc (0,005±0,004 vs 0,010±0,016; p=0,084) sesudah 7 hari penggunaan aplikasi GiAS antara anak stunting dan non-stunting. Nilai probabilitas <0,05 berarti aplikasi dapat membandingkan zat gizi makro, zinc, dan kalsium antara anak stunting dan non-stunting pada hari ke-7. Analisis chi-square terlihat peningkatan berat badan dan tinggi badan balita pada 2 minggu dan 1 bulan (p=0,001). Simpulan, komparasi zat gizi makro, zinc, kalsium anak stunting dan non-stunting usia 12–24 bulan dapat dibedakan menggunakan aplikasi GiAS.

Introduction: Adolescence is one of the stages of life. Adolescents hope that the future of the nation needs to be taken care of physically and mentally and socially as a whole (Law No. 61/2014 about Reproductive Health), as well as all matters relating to the system and functions and processes of reproduction. In Indonesia the incidence of unwanted pregnancy in adolescents has a percentage of 17%. Adolescent reproductive health education about unwanted pregnancy is very important to be known by adolescents as one of the preventions of unwanted pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of reproductive health education on adolescent knowledge level about unwanted pregnancy in adolescent Palalangon. Methods : The study design uses a pre-experimental design one group pretest-posttest design, using a purposive sampling technique and obtained a total sampling of 39 respondents. The method of data collection is done by using a questionnaire statement totaling 25 items. Results : The results showed that 38 respondents (97.4%) before the health education program was knowledgeable and less than 1 person (2.6%) knowledgeable, whereas after health education all respondents had a good knowledge with a percentage (100%). The conclusion of Wilcoxon's statistical test analysis results obtained sig (0.00) <sig (0.05) which means that there is an effect of adolescent reproductive health education between knowledge before and after health education. Conclusion: Health care workers are expected to be able to carry out health education specifically on adolescent reproductive health as one of the preventions of unwanted pregnancy problems among adolescents