Imo State University

Mixed ligand complexes (MXLCs) have received significant academic interest in the field of coordination chemistry due to their structural diversity, unique physicochemical properties, and wide-ranging industrial and therapeutic applications. This review explains their synthetic pathways, as defined by analytical methods of FT-IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction, and simultaneously attributes their prominent biological functions, which include antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory. Significant synthetic approaches are described: direct mixing, template-directed assembly, sequential addition and ligand substitution are examined critically. This increased bioactivity of M-XLCs could be explained by the ligand-induced chelation effects, which make the complex more lipophilic and promote its interactions with cellular targets and thus outperform the activity of traditional complexes and free ligands. This flexibility makes M-XLCs powerful scaffolds to generate superior therapeutic and industrial catalysts. In this light, future studies must focus on the clarification of the thermodynamic principles that govern these complexes, thus making coordination systems to be designed and optimized rationally.

Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare neoplasm of the lymphatic system, representing one of the most common cancers in young adults. It is characterised by a low number of malignant cells derived from B-lymphocytes and an extensive microenvironment. We used Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases with search descriptors; “Hodgkin* lymphoma“ and “Hodgkin* disease”. The common bibliometric indicators were applied. We retrieved a total of 18,304 articles within 2002 and 2022. The growth pattern showed a saturated pattern, with the linear and exponential plots coinciding. A small number of authors were responsible for the majority of the publications, with a transience index of 71.84%. The Bradford core consisted of 32 journals, with Leukemia and Lymphoma being at the top. The most productive institutions were resident in United States with the University of Texas MD Anderson Center at the helm. The United States was found to be the most productive country. Engert A. was the most productive author. Scientific production in Hodgkin lymphoma was found to be saturated with a high transience index. This study provides a reference for oncologists, epidemiologists, funders, policy decision makers, academics, and Hodgkin lymphoma researchers.

This study focused on the impact of training on workers’ performance: a case study of Owerri North local government area of Imo state, Nigeria. The study was carried out to identify the impact of training and development on organizational good. The work was anchored on human capital theory. Survey research design was used and questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was analyzed using simple percentage and chi-square. It was discovered that there is significant impact of on-the-job training on worker’s performance; and there is significant effect of job rotation training on worker’s performance. It was recommended that since on-the-job training sometimes may not be a priority for employee high performance, organizations should employ more conscious technical training/development exercise like conferences and workshop to expose the employee on what they are ought to know. More so, since training and development enhance workers’ capacity to perform their functions, there should be regular in-service training like seminars and workshop.

This study focused on human resource planning and sustainable development in Nigeria using Imo State Ministry of Works Owerri as the focal point. The study was carried out to determine how human resources planning can contribute to organizational growth in public sector. The researchers adopt two research objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses to analyze the subject matter. Descriptive survey research design was adopted by the researcher, and questionnaire served as instrument of data collection. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentage and chi-square. The researchers used the population of the entire Ministry of Works in Imo State which is 300 from where 171 staff were sampled. The findings revealed that there is significant relationship between manpower planning and employee productivity in Imo State Civil Service; and there is significant relationships between manpower planning and organizational effectiveness in Imo State Civil Service. Based on the findings, the study recommends that there should be regular manpower planning in all government establishments. Also, the issue of manpower planning should always consider the economic and socio-cultural variables/resources which can make the workers work or hinder their performance. More so, the issue of manpower planning should be the primary function of manpower department which must make up of specialist in human resources management.

This research investigated World Bank assisted healthcare intervention projects and economic development of communities in Imo State. The study had three specific objectives which are to: investigate the effect of World Bank essential medications intervention on development of communities in Imo State; determine the extent to which World Bank healthcare infrastructure intervention has affected development of communities in Imo State; and analyze the effect of World Bank nutrition-focused programs on development of communities in Imo State. The survey research design was used which took samples from 253 residents of nine communities in Imo State. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents and the data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Square regression. The result revealed a positive and significant relationship between World Bank essential medications intervention and development of communities in Imo State. Also, World Bank healthcare infrastructure intervention significantly decreased development of communities in Imo State, while nutrition-focused program of the World Bank had significantly negative effect on development of communities in Imo State. The study concluded that only World Bank intervention in the provision of essential medications has positive and significant effect on development of communities in Imo State. It was recommended that the World Bank should show more commitment to healthcare infrastructure since the existing ones are no longer conducive for healthcare delivery as well as the improvement of their nutrition-based programs to cater for efficient human capital and overall development

This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicity and safety of glycolipid biosurfactant produced by yeast strains isolated from fruit pastes. Yeast strains were isolated from ripe pineapple (Ananas comosus) and unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) pastes using enrichment technique and screening for their biosurfactant potentials using emulsification and oil displacement tests. The yeast strains were characterized and identified using classical microbiological techniques. The crude biosurfactants produced were characterized biochemically and their toxicity status evaluated using phytotoxicity test. The result revealed that a total of 10 strains of yeast were isolated from the fruit pastes. The yeast strain PA4 had the highest emulsification activity of 37.50 % while yeast strain PA1 had the lowest emulsification activity of 23.52 %, respectively. Also, PA3 had the highest dispersive index of 24.64 mm, while PL3 had the lowest dispersive index of 8.54 mm, respectively. The yeast strains were classically identified as Trichosporon sp. and Candida sp. They were found to be glycophospholipid in nature as well as non – toxic to Zea mays seeds at low concentrations. The study has helped to synthesize a low cost and ecofriendly glycophospholipid biosurfactant which consolidates the ecological acceptability of biosurfactant.

Potassium Chloride and newbouldia laevis leaves extract were used for the synthesis of green potassium Nanoparticles (K-NPs) which were used to immobilize lipase from the germinating seeds of soya beans (Glycine max). The synthesized K-NPs were characterised by UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The UV- VIS spectroscopy absorbency peaks at 350 nm wavelength and 0.0275 absorbance. The FTIR revealed nine distinctive absorption bands which peaked at 799 -1273cm-1,1273 -1407 cm-1, 1610 -1847 cm-1, 2029 -2212 cm-1, 2454 -2539 cm-1, 2710 -2828 cm-1, 2997 -3063 cm-1, 3208 -3347 cm-1, and 799 -3818 cm-1. The SEM revealed particles that are amorphous in shape with no cluster or colony formation. The EDX showed high concentrations of elements like Tin, Vanadium and Titanium, moderate concentrations of Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium and Potassium, and a very low concentrations of Iron, Aluminium, Phosphorus, Silicon and Sulphur. The synthesized K-NPs were used to immobilize the lipase obtained from germinating seeds of soya beans. The K-NPs immobilized lipase was used in biodiesel production. The quality of the biodiesel produced by the K-NPs immobilized lipase mediated transesterification were investigated using the refractive index (RI), specific gravity (SG), Boiling point (B.Pt), and acid value (AV). The investigation revealed 1.4, 0.9 g/mL, 300 °C, and 0.6% m/m for RI, SG, B.Pt, AV respectively. The quantity of the biodiesel produced was investigated using Gas chromatography flame ionization detection (GCFID) and the result showed 68.5% content of the entire reaction mixture to be fatty acid methyl ester (FAME/Biodiesel). These results indicate that the biosynthesized K-NPs to be a complex molecule with high molecular mass; the quality and quantity of the biodiesel produced with K-NPs immobilized lipase competed with the world standard (ASTM 6751) for biodiesel.

The modification of coconut (Cocos nucicera L.) shell activated carbon using an Azo ligand, specifically 1,2–dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-(E)–(2,3,4-trihydrophenyl)-3H-pyrazol-3-one (DDPTP), and its efficacy in removing Pb2+ from contaminated water samples was investigated. Proximate analysis revealed moisture content (8.7%), volatile matter (10.4%), ash (3.2%), and fixed carbon (77.7%). The modified adsorbent showed bulk density of 0.46 g/cm³, pore volume of 8.0 × 10⁻³ cm³, and conductivity of 37.9 µS/cm. FTIR confirmed hydroxyl, carbonyl, amino, and azo functional groups. SEM revealed micro-pores, and EDX showed carbon as the predominant element (57%). The modified activated carbon achieved 98% Pb²⁺ removal, significantly higher than unmodified carbon (79%). Adsorption increased with initial concentration, contact time, carbonization temperature, and pH up to optimal levels, but decreased with larger particle sizes. Optimal ligand loading was 30 mg per 5 g adsorbent. Adsorption data fitted Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms, with kinetics following pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. In light of these results, it can be concluded that modified coconut shell activated carbon is an effective adsorbent, and its adsorption capacity could be further enhanced by incorporating an azo ligand in the appropriate proportions, potentially utilizing an adsorbent to ligand ratio of (5g:25mg).

This study focused on health sector employees’ remuneration and service delivery in selected health institutions in Imo State, Nigeria. The study was carried out to identify the extent state remuneration system will enhance effectiveness of staff in public health institutions. The study was anchored on human capital theory. More so, survey research design was used and questionnaire served as the primary instrument for data collection. The population covered the 900 permanent staff in Federal University Teaching Hospitals Owerri, Imo State; Specialist Hospital Owerri, Imo State; and Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu, Imo State, from where 277 respondents were sampled using Taro Yamane formula. The data collected were analyzed using Simple Percentage, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Hypothesis One, and Two, have correlation of 0.6(against 0.2), and 0.8(against 0.2) respectively. This means that the hypotheses are very significant; hence it was discovered that salaries/ wages significantly influence service delivery in selected public health institutions in Imo State; and there is significant impact of fringe benefit on service delivery in selected public health institutions in Imo State. The work concludes that the achievement of service delivery depends on employee remuneration system. Based on the findings, it was recommended that there is need for improved salaries and wage system for workers in public health institutions so as to achieve service delivery. Also, the government should provide fringe benefits like health insurance scheme, housing, and transportation benefits to workers to enhance their effectiveness. In all, special allowances should be paid to staff to encourage them to put much effort in performing their functions.