Institute Of Perinatology Obstetrics And Gynaecology

BackgroundThis large-scale study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection together with cervical cytological findings among women undergoing cervical screening in Türkiye. In Türkiye, HPV prevalence varies regionally, and vaccination rates remain low due to the absence of HPV vaccination in the national program.MethodsA retrospective study of 4,648 women who underwent HPV testing and cervical cytology from January 2020 to March 2023. HPV genotype was determined by multiple PCR. Cytological findings were categorized based on the 2015 Bethesda System. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and logistic regression to compare the association between positivity for HPV, age groups, types of infection, and cytological alterations.Results17.7% (n = 825) of both groups were HPV positive, and 82.3% of the subjects (n = 3,823) were negative for HPV. HPV positivity had a bimodal distribution by age, with higher prevalence among women <30 years and those aged 40–49 (p = 0.0049). Women younger than 29 years had significantly higher odds of being HPV positive compared with the reference group (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.86–3.49; p < 0.01). The most prevalent genotypes were HPV-16 (23.3%) followed by HPV-6 (13.3%), HPV-51 (6.3%), and HPV-59 (6.5%). Differences in cytological distributions between single and multiple infections were not significant (p = 0.41), though HPV-16 was significantly associated with moderate-severe lesions (HSIL, ICC) (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe results indicate the requirement for age-optimized screening, ongoing genotype surveillance, and successful HPV vaccination programs. Cervical cancer represents a major health burden although it is largely preventable through vaccination. These findings highlight the urgent need for genotype-specific surveillance and reinforce the importance of implementing comprehensive HPV vaccination programs in Türkiye.

Abnormal joint fixation, or fetal ankylosis, can make it difficult to deliver the calf normally and may require more com plex obstetrical operations, such as fetotomy or cesarean surgery. The current case report details the incidence of dystocia in a crossbred cow brought on by forelimb ankylosis and schistosomus reflexus that was effectively treated by performing fetotomy.

This study was conducted in Armenia and included 32 pregnant women with TV infection and 30 healthy controls. The vaginal virome includes viruses that infect human cells and unicellular eukaryotes such as Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Among these are Trichomonas vaginalis viruses (TVVs), double-stranded RNA viruses from the Totiviridae family, and giant DNA viruses that replicate in protozoa. This study investigated the presence of TVVs and giant protozoan viruses in pregnant women with trichomoniasis in Armenia and explored their potential associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Vaginal and urethral samples were collected from 32 pregnant women with confirmed TV infection and 30 healthy pregnant controls. TVVs and giant viruses (Marseilleviridae, Mimiviridae, Phycodnaviridae) were detected using qRT-PCR. Viral RNA and DNA were extracted from clinical samples and TV cultures, followed by quantification and gene expression analysis. Selected TVVs were visualized via scanning electron microscopy. All TV-positive women carried at least one TVV strain, with 94% harboring multiple TVV types and TVV4 being the most common. TV infection was significantly associated with preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Giant viruses were identified in all TV-positive cases but in only 40% of controls. Marseilleviridae gene expression was observed in TV cultures, suggesting possible interactions. These findings highlight a potential role for protozoan viruses in reproductive complications and warrant further investigation.

Since ancient times, indigenous medicinal system of India has included herbal plants as a traditional source of medicine. India is known as a rich repository of medicinal plants, and one such plant is Berberis aristata which belongs to the family Berberidaceae which grows mainly in the sub-Himalayan region and the Nilgiri Hills of Southern India. Berberis aristata is used as traditional medicine in various communities to treat eye disorders, piles, osteoporosis, joint pain, skin diseases, malaria, diarrhoea, dysentery, fever, allergic conditions, ophthalmia, metabolic disorders and during menopause. The plant contains various phytochemical constituents, mainly alkaloids like berberine, oxyberberine, berbamine, aromoline, karachine, palmatine, oxyacanthine, and taxilamine. Berberine, the major alkaloid, is found in roots, stem bark, rhizomes, and leaves, with the highest concentration in the roots. Various pharmacological properties of Berberis aristata have been reported such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and improved reproductive health. This review aims to highlight the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Berberis aristata which will be helpful to give insights on medicinal utility of the plant. Although more elaborated clinical trials and studies at molecular level will be required to fully understand and validate these properties.

BackgroundThe cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measure of arterial stiffness is associated with prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, while its predictive value cardiovascular events remains to be established. The aim was to determine associations of CAVI with cardiovascular morbimortality (primary outcome) and all-cause mortality (secondary outcome), and to establish the determinants of CAVI progression. Methods TRIPLE-A-Stiffness, an international multicentre prospective longitudinal study, enrolled >2000 subjects ≥40 years old at 32 centres from 18 European countries. Of these, 1250 subjects (55% women) were followed for a median of 3.82 (2.81 – 4.69) years. Findings Unadjusted cumulative incidence rates of outcomes according to CAVI stratification were higher in highest stratum (CAVI >9). Cox regression with adjustment for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors revealed that CAVI was associated with increased cardiovascular morbimortality (HR 1.25 per 1 increase; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.03‒1.51) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.37 per 1 increase; 95%CI: 1.10-1.70) risk in subjects ≥60 years. In ROC analyses, CAVI optimal threshold was 9.25 (c-index 0.598; 0.542-0.654) and 8.30 (c-index 0.565; 0.512-0.618) in subjects ≥ or <60 years, respectively, to predict increased CV morbimortality. Finally, age, mean arterial blood pressure, anti-diabetic and lipid-lowering treatment were independent predictors of yearly CAVI progression adjusted for baseline CAVI. Interpretation The present study identified additional value for CAVI to predict outcomes after adjustment for CV risk factors, in particular for subjects ≥60 years. CAVI progression may represent a modifiable risk factor by treatments. Funding International Society of Vascular Health (ISVH) and Fukuda Denshi Co Ltd., Japan

To compare the age-specific clinical features of molar pregnancy and to describe the risk factors associated with this situation. This retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. The participants included both adolescents (≤ 19 years) and adults with histologically confirmed hydatidiform moles in our institution between January 2015 and January 2022. The interventions and main outcome measures of this study involved evaluating the clinical and ultrasonographic features, as well as the risk factors, associated with molar pregnancies in adolescents. This study of 137 patients with molar pregnancy found that adults had a higher incidence of partial molar pregnancy (20 patients versus seven patients) and lower beta-hCG levels than adolescents (176.890.71 mIU/ml versus 253.734.47 mIU/ml). Adolescents had a higher likelihood of hyperthyroidism (25.4% versus 9.2%). bleeding on admission (4.2% versus 1.51%),. longer hospital stays (5.44 ± 2.73 days versus 3.59 ± 3.08 days). Higher rates of uterine enlargement and postoperative bleeding (15.5% versus 1.5%). Adolescents also required more analgesia (97% versus 89.4%). Adolescents with Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) may present with more severe symptoms compared to adults, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors for GTDs in this population. Increased awareness and education can help improve recognition and management of GTDs in adolescents and improve their overall health outcomes.

This study aimed to evaluate the value of platelet activation markers in predicting preeclampsia and its severity. Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication that affects 3-5% of pregnancies and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality for both the mother and the fetus. The study included 99 patients diagnosed with preeclampsia and 60 healthy pregnant women as a control group. Platelet activation markers such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet count, and plateletcrit were evaluated along with other clinical parameters. The results of the study showed that platelet activation markers, particularly PDW and MPV, are valuable in the diagnosis and follow-up of preeclampsia. However, they are not sufficient to predict the severity of the disease. The study suggests that platelet activation markers could aid in predicting, diagnosing, and managing preeclampsia. However, further research is needed to determine the role of these markers in predicting the severity of the disease. The findings of this study could contribute to the development of more effective strategies for the prevention and management of preeclampsia, which could ultimately improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Introduction: The common procedure of urinary catheterization during childbirth may introduce bacteria that can cause urinary tract infections. Immune function is relatively compromised during pregnancy. The current study was aimed to identify antenatal patients with bacteriuria, the causative organism and its antibiotic sensitivity in patients with bacteriuria. Materials and Methods: The current prospective crosssectional study involved antenatal patients who were being admitted to the delivery room. A clean catch midstream urine sample was collected in a sterile container of which 5 to 10 mL of the sample was obtained in a separate sterile vial (container 1) for screening tests for leucocyte esterase and nitrite, and the remaining sample (container 2) was taken for routine microscopy, culture, and sensitivity. The reports were collected and tabulated, and bacteriuria was confirmed and statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 200 patients were evaluated, and 40 of them had asymptomatic bacteriuria. In this study positive leukocyte esterase test and nitrite test results were considerably higher in the cases than the controls (p &lt; 0.05) at 10.0 and 47.5%, respectively. Escherichia coli was found to be the most prevalent bacteria in this study, followed by, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and coagulasenegative Streptococcus and Klebsiella. Most of the E. coli isolates (100.0%) were sensitive to amikacin, a category D drug. The majority of Pseudomonas isolates (100.0%) were sensitive to colistin, a category C drug. Amongst category A drugs, Pseudomonas was sensitive to – cefoperazone-sulbactam, meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam. Conclusion: It is a standard practice to send urine routine and microscopy test in antenatal patients. As most patients are asymptomatic, investigations are required for early diagnosis of significant bacteria like leucocyte esterase, nitrite and culture and sensitivity. This will help us to institute appropriate treatment and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

povos Yanomamis, noticia no qual assustou no somente o Brasil, mas diversos pases, e o avano do desmatamento, colocando a hashtag #prayforAmazonia em destaque nas redes sociais, expondo cada vez mais a falta de experincia do governo Bolsonaro em lidar com as expresses da questo social.