Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Hybrid composites based on calcium carbonate-phosphates and fibrin were obtained by wet precipitation in presence of citrated plasma (6–50 vol.%). Inorganic component of the composites represents amorphous calcium carbonatephosphates and amorphized carbonated hydroxyapatite (A-type) with a Ca/P ratio of 1.71. After 15 days of aging in the SBF model solution, the hybrid composites are enriched with biomimetic apatite (up to 8.8 wt.%) without changing of Ca/P ratio of 1.71. Fibrin macromolecules provide partial removal of CO32–ions from the structure of hybrid composites and apatite-forming capacity in the model SBF solution. Hybrid composites absorb up to 92 % of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solutions; the sorption capacity reaches 0.126 mmol/g. During 10 days of soaking in physiological solution, the composites release up to 89 % of the antibiotic; rate constant of ciprofloxacin release for composites measures 0,021 mmol/(g ∙ h0.25) versus 0,051 mmol/(g ∙ h0.10) for calcium carbonate-phosphates

Abstract Despite the approval of multiple CAR T-cell products, access to this therapy remains limited in many developing countries. We conducted a single-arm, open-label, non-randomized, parallel phase 1/2 clinical trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05333302 ) at two independent centers: the Vitebsk Regional Clinical Cancer Centre (VRCCC) and the Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology (BRC POHI). The study enrolled patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies who received an in-house manufactured CD19 CAR T-cell product (BY19) following lymphodepletion with either fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide or cyclophosphamide plus fludarabine and decitabine. Seven patients at VRCCC and sixteen at BRC POHI received CD19 CAR T-cell therapy, comprising 17 patients with B-ALL, one with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and five with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The median age was 45 years (range: 38–56) at VRCCC and 13.5 years (range: 4–30) at BRC POHI. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in 18 (67%) of the 27 infusions across both centers, predominantly mild cases. Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) was observed in 12 (44%) patients, with severe ICANS (grade ≥3) in 5 patients (18.5%). The overall response rate (ORR) was 80.0% (16/20), with a complete response (CR) rate of 75.0% (15/20) at the first assessment on day 28. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 23 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 55 months. At 12 months, PFS was 83.3% for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients and 48.3% for B-ALL patients. Higher Cmax levels tended to correlate with better response rates; however, no clear advantage in PFS was observed. In conclusion, our in-house manufactured CD19 CAR T-cell product (BY19) demonstrates a safety and efficacy profile comparable to approved CD19 CAR T-cell therapies. This study underscores the translational potential of localized CAR T-cell manufacturing to expand global access to advanced immunotherapies, especially in middle-income countries. Additionally, incorporating decitabine into the lymphodepletion regimen shows promise in enhancing therapeutic efficacy and warrants further prospective investigation.

In this paper, the structure formation processes in Portland cement backfill materials containing solid technogenic (anhydrite gypsum and halite) mining waste as aggregates and a mixing fluid, bischofite lye (liquid mining waste), have been studied. The backfills are intended for filling mined-out spaces of potassium–magnesium salt deposits. The effect of the content and mass ratio of cement, hardening retarders, and mining waste on the technological properties of the backfill materials has been studied. After optimization of the compositions, backfills that are characterized by high viability, cohesion, structural homogeneity, controlled density, and strength properties have been obtained.

Thrombogenic risk factors (blood coagulation disorders and thrombophilia) are the cause of cardiovascular diseases, among which genetic factors are worth highlighting (genetic polymorphism of the blood coagulation system, angiogenesis factors, and components of the lipid metabolism system). Early identification of clinically significant polymorphisms in genes that cause predisposition to thrombogenic diseases allows for preventive measures and timely diagnosis even before the onset of the clinical picture of the disease, and for patients with an already confirmed diagnosis, genetic diagnostics makes it possible to check the hereditary nature of the disease, select treatment tactics, and predict the risk of developing of adverse drug reactions. This article describes the process of developing the “SNP2-TMG” kit, designed to identify ten genetic markers of susceptibility to thrombogenic diseases (rs1801131, rs6025, rs11549465, rs429358, rs7412, rs1799963, rs6050, rs1799762, rs2010963, and rs1801133), by the minisequencing technique (SNaPshot technology). This kit has passed clinical trials and is approved for medical use.

ABSTRACTIn the process of water treatment from surface water sources, lime mud as waste is formed. This waste contains CaO, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3. The article proposes a comprehensive method for processing lime mud into high‐strength anhydrite cement. The method involves the interaction of lime mud with waste sulfuric acid from the production of polymer fibers using a structure‐controlled method in the (CaO·Ca(OH)2·CaCO3)—H2SO4—H2O system at a temperature of 40°C. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of CaSO4 and CaSO4·0.62H2O phases with a purity of 99.8%. The structure‐controlled method makes it possible to control the formation and growth of calcium sulfate crystals of the required shape and size, due to which it is possible to obtain anhydrite cement with desired properties. Combined grinding of synthetic anhydrite with activator additives makes it possible to obtain anhydrite cement with a strength of up to 28.5 MPa.

A detailed study of the supramolecular structure of high molecular weight resinous-asphaltene substances (RAS) and the study of their stability to thermal-oxidative degradation processes in the presence of surfactants is a promising scientific direction and can become the basis for the development of additional oil treatment processes and, as a result, the intensification of thermal transformations of oil dispersed systems (ODS). In the work it has been established that the maximum modifying effect, which consists in reducing the amount of asphaltenes by 8–11 % and increasing the concentration of resins, saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in the composition of the dispersion medium, is achieved by the interaction of ODS with octadecylpropylenediamine, alkyldiamine with the content of ethoxylated groups n = 3–6 and butyl coconut fatty alcohol ester with n = 10. This fact is due to a change in the geometric parameters of asphaltene nanoaggregates due to the adsorption of these surfactants on their surface. Thus, against the background of an increase in the interplanar distances of condensed aromatic layers dm from 3.66 to 3.85 Å and values of the intrachain distance from 5.71 to 5.80 Å, the average diameter of aromatic layers decreases by 0.67–2.36 Å and the average height of their pack by 1.52–2.64 Å, while the average number of layers in a pack is 5. Estimation of the results of thermal analysis indicates that the RAS thermograms have a similar form with three endoeffects with minima in the ranges of ~ 34.7–37.7 °C (I); 325.7–339.3 (II) and 434.8–438.7 °С (III) and one exoeffect with a maximum of ~ 460.5–475.3 °С (IV). With a decrease in the factor of crystallinity and aromaticity of RAS, their resistance to the processes of thermo-oxidative degradation in the temperature region of coke formation increases. The energy of thermal-oxidative destruction for modified systems by surfactants exceeds by 21.6 kJ/mol of this indicator for unmodified RAS and is 62.07 ÷ 66.13 kJ/mol.

The corrosion resistance of coatings (thickness 70 µm) based on epoxy powder paints modified with aliphatic amine or a mixture of anticorrosive pigments to the action of sodium chloride solution and salt spray has been studied. It is showed that with the increase of molecuar weight of initial epoxy oligomer and also at the incorporation of chemisorbing alifatic amine, containing polar groups, to the decrease in the permeability of the sodium chloride solution into the coating material is observed. It has been established that the observed changes in the properties of the coatings are due to the formation of a spatial structure of the polymer with different cross-link frequencies. It is shown that the introduction of a mixture of anti-corrosion pigments into the composition of paints provides a significant increase in the protective properties of coatings and a high preservation of the physical and mechanical properties of coatings in comparison with the base compositions. For 9000 hours of testing in a sodium chloride solution, the strength characteristics of the coatings decrease by about 10–12 % from the original ones. Based on the results of tests of coatings to the action of salt spray, the possibility of using the developed epoxy powder paints for operation in environments of a high atmospheric-corrosive category – C 5–1, including the application of coatings directly on a metal surface (Direct to metal) without multi-stage preparation of the metal surface for painting, is shown.

Mesoporous materials containing heteroelements have a huge potential for use as catalysts, exchangers, and adsorbents due to their tunable nanometer-sized pores and exceptionally large internal surfaces accessible to bulky organic molecules. In the present work, ordered mesoporous silica containing Ni atoms as active sites was synthesized by a new low-temperature method of condensation of silica precursors on a micellar template from aqueous solutions in the presence of nickel salt. The homogeneity of the resulting product was achieved by introducing ammonia and ammonium salt as a buffer to maintain a constant pH value. The obtained materials were characterized by nitrogen sorption, X-ray and neutron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Their morphology consists of polydisperse spherical particles 50-300 nm in size, with a hexagonally ordered channel structure, high specific surface area (ABET = 900-1200 m2/g), large pore volume (Vp = 0.70-0.90 cm3/g), average mesopore diameter of about 3 nm, and narrow pore size distribution. Adsorption tests for methylene blue show sorption capacities reaching 39-42 mg/g at alkaline pH. The advantages of producing nickel silicates by this method, in contrast to precipitation from silicon alkoxides, are the low cost of reagents, fire safety, room-temperature processing, and the absence of specific problems associated with the use of ethanol as a solvent, as well as the absence of the inevitable capture of organic matter in the precipitation process.

Along with the long pandemic of COVID-19caused bysevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)has come the dilemma of emerging viral variants of concern (VOC),particularly Omicron and its subvariants, able to deftly escape immune surveillance and the otherwise protective effect of current vaccines and antibody drugs. We previously identified a peptide-based pan-CoV fusion inhibitor, termed as EK1, able to bind the HR1 region in viral spike (S) protein S2 subunit. This effectively blocked formation of the six-helix bundle (6-HB)fusion core and, thus, showed efficacy against all human coronaviruses (HCoVs).EK1is now in phase 3 clinical trials. However, the peptide drug generally lacks oral availability. Therefore, we herein performed a structure-based virtual screening of the libraries of biologically active molecules and identified nine candidate compounds. One is Navitoclax, an orally active anticancer drug by inhibition of Bcl-2. Like EK1 peptide, it could bind HR1 and block 6-HBformation, efficiently inhibiting fusion and infection of all SARS-CoV-2variants tested, as well as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV,with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 3.7 μM. These findings suggest that Navitoclax is a promising repurposed drug candidate for development as a safe and orally available broad-spectrum antiviral drug to combat the current SARS-CoV-2and its variants, as well as other HCoVs.