Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Photomicroreactors have significantly advanced photochemical synthesis by providing excellent mass transfer and uniform light distribution. However, a conventional photomicroreactor faces fundamental limitations in actively manipulating light fields due to the inherent limitations imposed by the optical properties of its construction materials. This severely restricts photon density amplification and wavelength-specific activation for photochemical transformations. Herein, we develop a photonic-crystal-integrated photomicroreactor (PC-PM) that harnesses the slow-light effect to selectively enhance the localized photon density and prolong the light-matter interaction at target wavelengths. Under real sunlight irradiation, this PC-PM design exhibits a 20% increase in yield compared with conventional reactors. Our strategy of embedding active photonic crystals within microreactors establishes a paradigm for high-efficiency photoreactors, enabling the solar-powered synthesis of high-value-added fine chemicals through precise photon management.

The mutual solubility of salts in the MeSO4–MnSO4–H2O (Me = Ni, Co) systems at a solution temperature of 20, 40, and 60°C was studied by an isothermal method. It has been established that, depending on the temperature, the addition of manganese sulfate to a three-component solution leads to a decrease in the solubility of nickel and cobalt sulfates by 1.1–2.2 and 1.1–2.1 times, respectively.

The influence of heating rate and sintering temperature on the mechanical characteristics of composite materials from iron–silicon carbide–sodium tetraborate and iron–silicon carbide–copper-phosphorous alloy systems synthesized using a high-frequency electromagnetic field is examined. It has been shown that the use of an induction heater allows for widely regulating the heating rate and the conditions of heat exchange between components of furnace charge and, thus, allows for controlling the properties of the resulting materials at the sintering stage. It has been established that subsequent annealing of the compacts for 5 and 10 min at a temperature equal to the sintering temperature increase the mechanical characteristics of the resulting materials.

The structure of the cathode spot of the vacuum arc of the alloy is presented. It is shown that there are regions of predominant ionization of alloy components atoms by electrons in the plasma cloud of the cathode spot.

The mechanical, physicochemical, chemical, and thermal methods of separating the cathodic material from aluminum foil as one of the stages of lithium-ion battery recycling are considered. It was shown that the most effective methods according to the criteria for the possibility of scaling the technology, as well as material, energy, and labor costs, are chemical and thermal methods, providing the degree of cathodic material extraction up to 100%.

The results of a study of chip formation during turning of hardened steels 40Kh, SHKh15, and R6M5 with a hardness of 50–65 HRC using a tool based on cubic boron nitride (CBN) are given. The effect of cutting modes and microgeometry of the working surfaces of the blades on the shrinkage and shape of the chip is shown. The change in the morphology of ground and diamond-lapped working surfaces of the blades during the cutting process is considered and the effect of its transformation on the dynamics of the turning process and the quality of the machined surfaces is shown. It is demonstrated that the morphology of the blade surface affects the processes of contact interaction between the tool and the workpiece materials, the shape of the chip and, after finishing, provides tribological contact conditions that reduce thermal stress and dynamic disturbance during a long cutting process.

Physiological studies were conducted to confirm the functional properties of new types of meat products intended for the nutrition of primary school children with an elevated body mass index. The recently developed high-quality meat products used in this study had reduced caloric content, with energy values 30 % lower than traditional products for primary school children, and no specific additives were present while maintaining product quality and appeal. The experiment revealed distinctive changes in parameters such as exploratory and locomotor reflexes, coordination, and endurance. A complete blood count and biochemical analysis were performed, and the metabolic activity of bifido- and lactobacteria in the large intestine was analyzed and evaluated both in physiological normalcy and after diet modification. The findings indicate that dietary correction is sufficient to initiate positive dynamics in counteracting adverse changes in the body caused by excessive consumption of high-calorie food.