Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Brasília

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o perfil formativo dos professores que atuam nos cursos Técnicos Integrados ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal de Brasília (IFB) e a sua relação com a formação integral e emancipadora proposta pela reorientação da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) no Brasil. Metodologicamente teve abordagem qualitativa, com revisão de literatura e análise documental dos Planos Pedagógicos de Cursos (PPC). A análise revelou que os PPC contemplam de forma incipiente a formação integrada com viés emancipador, e que não consideram a relação entre a formação dos professores e sua atuação nesses cursos. Sobre o perfil formativo desses professores se revelou que 62% possui licenciatura ou uma formação continuada em educação/ensino, porém uma quantidade importante, sendo 38%, são bacharéis ou tecnólogos com pós-graduação em outras áreas que não são educação ou ensino. Os dados revelam também que apenas 2% têm formação específica para a EPT, ou seja, essa formação está muito aquém do que se considera necessário. Defende-se que há uma importante potencialidade formativa para a formação integral e emancipadora, especialmente nos cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio, no entanto, para isso, faz-se necessário que os professores que atuam nesses cursos tenham uma formação pedagógica e formação específica para atuar nessa modalidade de ensino.

Microglial cells exhibit crucial metabolic adaptations to maintain neural homeostasis. However, their dysregulated activation during infections can lead to neurotoxicity and contribute to the development of neuroinflammatory disorders. Understanding the physiological and metabolic changes of microglia during immune activation is crucial for identifying protective targets against neuroinflammation. This study investigates how the Zika virus (ZIKV) alters microglia metabolism during inflammation, highlighting cellular adaptations that sustain oxidative metabolism linked to cell survival during cellular activation and viral replication. After identifying an enriched abundance of proteins related to oxidative phosphorylation and cellular component organization in the global proteomics of mouse brains following ZIKV exposure, we investigated the relevance of these pathways during in vitro infection of human microglia. ZIKV infection led to cytoskeleton remodeling via β-tubulin reallocation, which characterized an ameboid-like phenotype. Despite the indication of a shift toward increased glycolytic activity due to decreased intracellular glucose, which suggests its consumption, and the accumulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediates, ZIKV-infected microglia exhibit enhanced respiratory capacity and an abundance of smaller-sized mitochondria in the perinuclear region. The accumulation of citrate, succinate, and malate, while maintaining mitochondrial function, suggests an important metabolic adaptation that supports biosynthetic pathways and sustains cell viability under stress. Decreased intracellular glutamate abundance supports mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Pre-treatment with the anti-inflammatory docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) mitigates ZIKV-induced metabolic alterations by reducing pro-inflammatory markers, downregulating viral entry receptors, and lowering microglial activation and viral load. This study reveals that while ZIKV induces cell death in neuronal-like cells, the mitochondrial adaptation observed in microglial infection could be a key to maintaining cell survival throughout neuroinflammation. Our findings elucidate a novel cellular adaptation during ZIKV infection involving β-tubulin reorganization and metabolic dynamics, reflecting microglial flexibility and resistance during neuroinflammation, and demonstrating the therapeutic potential of DHA in mitigating ZIKV-induced pathology.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12035-025-05418-y.

Abstract Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major cause of valvular disease in low- and middle-income countries, with substantial public health and economic impact. Cardiac imaging, particularly echocardiography (echo), plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and managing RHD, particularly mitral stenosis (MS), yet practices vary across affected regions. Purpose To evaluate current use of cardiac imaging in the assessment and management of RHD – focusing on MS- in Brazil and Portuguese-speaking countries, through a collaborative survey coordinated by the Cardiovascular Imaging Department of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. Methods An anonymous questionnaire was distributed via messaging platforms to cardiologists and cardiovascular imaging specialists. Data on clinical experience, imaging modalities, and decision-making strategies related to MS were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 439 participants completed the survey, predominantly from Brazil (89.7%) and Angola (67.4% of the remaining 10.3%). Most reported over 10 years of clinical experience (67.4%), worked in public hospitals (58.5%), and were based in tertiary centers (61.9%). Conventional parameters (2D planimetry, PHT, and transvalvular gradients) were the most frequently used methods to assess MS. In addition to conventional two-dimensional (2D) measurements, strain imaging is used in clinical routine by 77.7%, three-dimensional (3D) echo in 51.5% and exercise echo in 35.3%. Regarding the classification, 50.1% considered mitral valve area (MVA) between 2.0–2.5 cm² as mild. In cases of discordant clinical-echo scenarios, 3D planimetry and exercise echo were used by 35.5% and 36%, respectively. Left ventricular (LV) systolic function was primarily evaluated using biplanar ejection fraction (EF) by Simpson’s method (86.6%), followed by 2D longitudinal strain in selected cases (42.8%), LVEF by 3D echo (26%), and cardiac magnetic resonance (20%). Assessment of right ventricular function was most commonly performed using TAPSE and RV tissue Doppler (90.9%), followed by fractional area change (FAC) (62.2%), 2D RV strain (31.9%), RVEF by 3D echo (20.5%), and CMR (18.9%). Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) was primarily guided by the Block-Wilkins score (78.1%), with special consideration to subvalvular involvement (77.2%) and valve calcification (68.3%). Intraprocedural echo guidance was reported in 87.1% of centers performing PBMV with the use of 2D transesophageal echo (TOE) in 39.2%, 3D TOE in 45.6%, and 2D transthoracic echo in 15.2%. Conclusion 2D transthoracic echo remains the cornerstone for RHD assessment. Although access to advanced imaging techniques, such as strain and 3D echo is increasing, their integration into routine clinical-decision making is still limited. Furthermore, the variability in defining mild MS reveals a knowledge gap and reinforces the need for broader training and guideline standardization across Portuguese-speaking countries.

Por meio de uma análise qualitativa, documental e bibliográfica, este artigo aborda a formação da cultura escolar e sua relação com o ensino de Geografia no Brasil. Apresenta-se a disciplina como um campo que, para além da simples transmissão de conteúdo, articula saberes e métodos pedagógicos para a promoção de uma compreensão crítica do mundo. Discutem-se os impactos das reformas educacionais, a influência do eurocentrismo nos currículos e a necessidade de uma abordagem decolonial. Analisa-se, ainda, a função da Geografia Crítica para a construção de uma educação mais inclusiva e reflexiva, destacando desafios e oportunidades para a trajetória da disciplina no contexto escolar brasileiro.

BackgroundThe global aging population and the high incidence of falls among this population highlight the need for effective preventive strategies. Home-based exercise programs, such as the Otago protocol, have demonstrated efficacy in reducing fall risk but often face barriers related to user adherence. Mobile health (mHealth) apps offer promising tools to support health promotion and enhance autonomy in older adults.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop and validate a prototype mobile app, Mais Equilíbrio (More Balance), designed to guide older adults in performing home-based physical exercises adapted from the Otago protocol.MethodsThis methodological study was conducted in two phases: (1) content validation by 22 experts in physical education and physiotherapy using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) scale, and (2) usability testing with 24 older adults (aged 60 to 80 y), using the System Usability Scale (SUS). An overall score above 70% on the SAM and above 85 on the SUS were considered indicators of high quality and excellent usability, respectively.ResultsThe Mais Equilíbrio (More Balance) app was developed based on the Otago protocol and tailored for independent home use. A Content Validity Index above 0.95 was observed for all items. An overall average score of 81.20 (SD 15.78) on the SAM scale was found, classifying the material as “superior.” Usability tests with older adults showed an average score of 95.98 (SD 5.58) on the SUS, indicating excellent usability. The highest scores were observed in “ease of use” and “user confidence.”ConclusionsThe Mais Equilíbrio (More Balance) app, distinct for digitally adapting the Otago protocol to the Brazilian context and for its dual validation process with experts and older adults, has proven to be a valid and highly usable tool for guiding home-based physical exercise in older adults, with potential to promote fall prevention and autonomy.

Este trabalho busca explorar as experiências vivenciadas, os desafios enfrentados e a importância para o crescimento pessoal e profissional dos participantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID). A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, sendo utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). A análise concentra-se, em particular, na perspectiva dos estudantes de ensino superior, e fundamenta-se em artigos publicados e em uma pesquisa conduzida junto aos Bolsistas de Iniciação à Docência (BIDs) do Instituto Federal de Brasília do curso de Biologia participantes do PIBID entre 2022-2024. O objetivo principal é avaliar a relevância do PIBID para o crescimento e formação desses discentes, oferecendo uma visão abrangente das experiências que moldam suas trajetórias acadêmicas e profissionais, incluindo os desafios enfrentados ao longo desse percurso. Os resultados mostraram que o PIBID tem grande importância ao oferecer experiência prática em sala de aula, também valoriza a carreira docente, motivando a permanência na licenciatura e melhorando a qualidade da educação básica nas escolas parceiras por meio de atividades diversificadas. Esperamos que essa pesquisa contribua para avaliação do Programa e incentive mais discussões sobre a temática.

PURPOSE: Common mental disorders can reduce cardiac autonomic modulation. Resting-reactivity cardiovagal modulation and post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) are powerful independent predictors of cardiovascular morbimortality risk. Even though resting-reactivity cardiovagal modulation and HRR are independent measures of cardiac autonomic adjustments, several studies have examined their relationship because they seem promising clinical-functional evaluations of cardiac autonomic integrity and general health. Objective: To verify the effect of resting-reactivity cardiovagal modulation on HRR following maximal exercise testing in individuals with common mental disorders. METHOD: The present study evaluated sixteen (n = 16; 8 men and 8 women) individuals aged 25.3 (± 6.4) years and with a BMI of 23.4 (± 2.4) kg/m2 diagnosed with the mental disorder without comorbidities. The cardiovagal index of heart rate variability (rMSSD) at resting (supine and orthostatic positions) and its reactivity after the orthostatic stress test were recorded using an electrocardiogram. HRR was recorded in the 1st minute following a maximal exercise test. Statistical analysis employed a Generalized Linear Model (GzLM) adjusted for age and BMI. The significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS: We found that for every increase of 15 ms at rest supine position reduces 1 bpm of HRR [β = -0.07; CI 95% (-0.14 to -0.02); R2 = 58%; p < 0.01] and for every reduction of 12.5 after the orthostatic stress test (reactivation) increases 1 bpm of HRR [β = 0.08; CI 95% (0.02 to 0.14); R2 = 63%; p < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: Even though resting-reactivity cardiovagal modulation and HRR at 1st minute are independent predictors of cardiovascular morbimortality risk, HRR can be explained by resting-reactivity cardiovagal modulation from 58 to 63%. Therefore, resting-reactivity cardiovagal modulation is a determinant of HRR in the 1st minute and may be used as a proxy to understand the HRR dynamic in individuals with common mental disorders. Supported by: We would like to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq (Universal 2023), and the Federal District Research Support Foundation - FAP-DF (09/2023) for the financial support to carry out this research project.

O fenômeno GovTech envolve a colaboração entre governos, empresas e outros atores por meio de tecnologias digitais para solucionar problemas públicos complexos, com o objetivo de melhorar a eficácia, a eficiência, a transparência e a acessibilidade dos serviços públicos, além de promover participação cidadã e gerar valor público. Apesar disso, GovTech carece de definições acadêmicas consolidadas e é considerado uma lacuna de pesquisa. Este artigo explorou a literatura cinzenta, como relatórios e publicações digitais, por meio de análise documental com apoio de ferramentas de Inteligência Artificial (IA) — SciSpace, ChatGPT e Gemini — para responder: quais são as barreiras, os facilitadores e as tendências relacionados a GovTech, identificados com apoio da IA? A validação dos dados ocorreu por triangulação entre quatro pesquisadores, aumentando a confiabilidade dos resultados. Foram identificadas quatro dimensões principais: definições de GovTech, tendências, facilitadores, barreiras e desafios. A pesquisa elaborou um framework que consolida as informações e evidencia as dimensões-chave do fenômeno, demonstrando possíveis inter-relações. Os resultados oferecem uma visão ampliada e podem ser aplicados em diversos contextos, além de apresentar nova agenda de pesquisa. As tendências apontam para a crescente digitalização dos serviços públicos, para o uso de dados na tomada de decisões e para a integração de tecnologias emergentes e sustentáveis.

Introdução: O IHC é o principal evento brasileiro em Interação Humano-Computador, refletindo a produção científica da área e a articulação entre autores e instituições. Objetivo: Analisar colaborações interinstitucionais no IHC (2019–2024), identificando instituições com maior centralidade e a relação entre produtividade e cooperação. Metodologia ou Etapas: Foram aplicadas técnicas de bibliometria e análise de redes a artigos dos anais do evento para mapear e caracterizar as colaborações. Resultados: A rede mostrou-se altamente conectada, com UFC, UFPR, UFSCar e USP como principais hubs, além de evidenciar correlação positiva entre volume de publicações e grau de colaboração.