Instituto Tecnológico del Salmón

Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) are classified as Vulnerable and listed in Appendix I of CITES, making the investigation of stranding and mortality causes essential for their conservation. This study describes the post-mortem findings of five Humboldt penguins stranded along the Chilean coast during 2025, focusing on renal and ureteral lesions associated with trematode infection. Gross examination revealed multifocal to coalescing renal lesions, including intrapelvic white purulent material and marked thickening of the ureteral walls. Histopathological analysis demonstrated moderate to severe renal and ureteral inflammation, characterized by intratubular and intraureteral trematodes associated with tubular degeneration, interstitial inflammation and fibrosis, vascular alterations, occasional glomerular changes, and severe ureteritis. Morphological and morphometric analyses of adult parasites obtained from histological renal sections confirmed the presence of trematodes. On clinical evaluation, stranded animals presented with lethargy, no evidence of external trauma, and body condition ranging from normal to emaciated. These findings confirm the presence of trematode-associated nephropathy and ureteropathy in Humboldt penguins. To our knowledge, this is the first report worldwide linking renal and ureteral parasitosis to disease in this species. Further molecular analyses are required to achieve definitive etiological identification and to support the recognition of this condition as an emerging disease relevant to conservation strategies for Humboldt penguins.

Monitoring of salmon in Pacific Canada has been declining for decades. Counts of spawning salmon enable researchers to quantify stressor impacts, identify where management interventions are required, and evaluate recovery effort efficacy. These data are critical now, as uniquely adapted populations underlie salmon resilience (e.g., to climate change), and fine-scale data informs sustainable fishing opportunities including revitalizing terminal fisheries. We revisit the state of Pacific salmon spawner data from the Yukon to southern BC. Almost two-thirds of historically monitored salmon populations have no reported estimates in 2014–2023—the worst decade for data since broadscale surveys began in the 1950s. We found positive associations between the number of populations monitored and landed value for three of the five Pacific salmon species, suggesting that monitoring is, in part, motivated by the information needs of commercial fisheries management. We recommend aligning objectives and strategic investments to improve monitoring outcomes for salmon, ecosystems, and communities depending on them. We emphasize data stewardship, as ensuring access to these baseline data are a cornerstone for rebuilding wild Pacific salmon.

Objetivo: Describir un caso clínico y una alternativa de manejo para el tratamiento de la hemoptisis secundaria a la patología aneurismática de la aorta torácica.Materiales y Métodos: Revisión de historia clínica del paciente y literatura científica disponible en metabuscadores.Resultados: Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino, 56 años, que cursó con cuadro de hemoptisis, posteriormente objetivado como secundario a un pseudoaneurisma de la aorta torácica. Entre sus antecedentes destaca, enfermedad aorto-ilíaca tratada mediante un bypass de aorta torácica. Se decidió la reparación endovascular, mediante un abordaje proximal, utilizando la arteria axilar.Discusión: Las indicaciones para el uso de la reparación endovascular de la aorta torácica (TEVAR) se están expandiendo ampliamente, incluyendo a pacientes previamente intervenidos o aquellos que antiguamente se consideraban con un riesgo prohibitivamente alto para una cirugía. La fístula aorto-bronquial, es una complicación rara, sin embargo, existe correlación entre su desarrollo y la cirugía de aorta torácica. La sospecha diagnóstica debe ser alta. El AngioTC, cumple un doble rol, siendo útil para el diagnóstico, como para la planificación preoperatoria, hecho fundamental para lograr una terapia adecuada.

Trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic neuropathic pain, is characterized by frequent episodes of stabbing facial pain, in the territory of the trigeminal nerve, which can severely impair patient’s quality of life. It is primarily caused by vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve root, but it is sometimes secondary to other identifiable neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis or a cerebellopontine angle tumor. Uncommonly, it may be caused by the presence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, a condition most likely identified by headache, visual disturbances, and sixth nerve palsy, among other manifestations. Secondary causes of trigeminal neuralgia are usually detected after an atypical clinical manifestation, such as ophthalmic rather than maxillary or mandibular nerve involvement, more than one branch affected, or bilateral symptoms. We present a patient who presented with trigeminal neuralgia as a primary manifestation, and after thorough evaluation she was diagnosed with intracranial hypertension as the underlying mechanism responsible of the trigeminal neuralgia.

Antecedentes: Existe evidencia insuficiente para comparar diferentes esquemas de vacunación COVID-19 con CoronaVac en las poblaciones de adultos y adultos mayores. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico prospectivo con pacientes ingresados para hospitalización por COVID-19. Resultados: Un estudio de 159 pacientes con COVID-19 encontró que los pacientes más jóvenes no vacunados tenían un mayor riesgo de requerimiento de oxígeno (RR = 1,3, p = 0,041) y disnea (p = 0,002). Las hospitalizaciones en cuidados intensivos y el requisito de ventilación mecánica invasiva fueron menos frecuentes en las vacunas CoronaVac que en las personas no vacunadas. Los pacientes vacunados con CanSino y BNT162b2 presentaron niveles más bajos de dímero D que los vacunados con CoronaVac. Sin embargo, los individuos vacunados menores de 60 años no tuvieron un riesgo de muerte diferente al de los no vacunados al presentar COVID-19 grave, lo que indica una inmunidad inducida por la vacuna insuficiente. Conclusiones: CoronaVac tiene una mejor respuesta en adultos mayores que en jóvenes, y el estado de vacunación no difirió, significativamente, en individuos jóvenes con enfermedad grave. Los estudios futuros deberían examinar los efectos de diferentes vacunas en diferentes grupos de edad y su seguimiento a largo plazo, lo que puede ayudar a los países a tomar decisiones informadas para la vacunación de adultos mayores contra COVID-19.