Instituto de Estudios Avanzados

Within the payloads of JUICE and Europa Clipper, there are instruments suitable for the search of specific biosignatures that can diagnose life tracks in two ways. The payloads include mass spectrometers capable of measuring isotopic abundances for identifying life, and chromatography instruments testing whether ocean worlds harbor amphiphile mixtures, which would lead to a lipid-first origin of life. In this paper we describe how the two missions may begin to test whether there may be large detectable excursions of stable isotopes of chemical elements on the icy surfaces of the Jovian icy moons that are substantially shifted from their expected isotopic distributions. The detection of an unambiguous signal would suggest a biogenic origin, provided care is taken to exclude abiotic thermal isotopic fractionation. Our suggested tests should be confirmed independently with other techniques. Stable isotope geochemistry on the icy Jovian moons has not yet been thoroughly discussed in the literature. In addition, we enquire whether insights into life's origin could be retrieved from Europa's ocean and surface, including the question of the first steps in the evolution of life. Special emphasis has been put on an approach to seek on the surface of ocean worlds chemical phenomena that are rather primitive, such as reproducing lipid micelles as roots of protocells, but nevertheless can predict a path towards life with published models.

Public education in Mexico faces structural challenges related to the relevance of training processes and their linkage with the productive sector. In this context, educational–industry linkage has become a strategic axis to strengthen professional training, reduce the gap between school and the labor market, and respond to the demands of a globalized economic environment. This article aims to analyze educational–industry linkage from a critical and propositional perspective, highlighting the need to move toward disruptive models that integrate dual training, bilingualism, and competency certification as central elements of the educational process. Through an applied academic reflection approach, the limitations of traditional training models are examined, as well as the opportunities offered by effective articulation between educational institutions and companies. It is argued that linkage should not be conceived solely as a mechanism for labor insertion, but as an integral strategy for the development of competitive human capital and the projection of Mexican talent at national and international levels.

Early lung cancer screening is necessary to save lives, and for this reason, this study performed a thorough bioinformatic analysis of the GSE19188 dataset to identify the Bottleneck genes that enable a diagnosis based on breath Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). This analysis defined a TRIPOD Survival Signature, that means, the structural driver was COL11A1 (LogFC = 4.692), and the metabolic driver was PSAT1 (LogFC = 3.211) that opposed the canonical Warburg theory (LDHA downregulation, LogFC = −1.2788), favoring biosynthetic anaplerosis (Serine/Glycine). The third is the proliferative driver CDC20 (LogFC = 3.225). We have determined that PSAT1 overactivity provides a molecular connection for the design of an Electronic Nose (e-Nose) for the detection of VOCs produced by PSAT1 metabolites. This technology has potential for use in detection and screening for other types of cancers and metabolic disorders and should be further evaluated for these applications in future work

Introduction: heart-rate variability (HRV), respiratory-rate variability (RRV) and the pulse-respiration quotient (PRQ) reflect autonomic modulation, yet their relationship with university dietary habits remains understudied. Objective: to examine the association between dietary patterns and autonomic activity among university students. Methods: ninety-one young adults were classified, via factor analysis, into a healthy (PDS) or an unhealthy (PDNS) dietary pattern. From 5-min beat-to-beat (RR) and breath-to-breath (BB) recordings we extracted: high-frequency log power (HFlog), parasympathetic (PNS) and sympathetic (SNS) indices, stress index, mean RR interval (Mean RR), fractal exponents α₁ and α₂, Poincaré dispersion (SD₂), and the low- to high-frequency power ratio (LF/HF). For RRV we obtained mean breathing rate (BRmean) and BB deviation (SDBB); for PRQ we calculated mean PRQ (mPRQ). Student's t-, Mann-Whitney U-tests and Spearman correlations were applied (p ≤ 0.05). Results: fifty-three percent of participants followed the PDNS. In men, the PDS showed higher HFlog and α₁ ≈ 1. Within the PDS, lean animal products were linked to ↓SNS, ↓stress, ↓α₂ and ↑Mean RR; non-fat cereals to ↑PNS and ↓LF/HF in men; fruits-vegetables to ↓BRmean and ↑SDBB; legumes and canned fish to ↓mPRQ. In the PDNS, sugary drinks decreased PNS, HFlog and SD₂ but increased SNS in women, and raised stress and α₂ in men; fat-rich cereals elevated α₂. Conclusion: the PDS enhances vagal tone, fractal stability and cardiorespiratory synchrony, whereas the PDNS heightens sympathetic activity and lowers variability, particularly in women. These findings support early nutritional interventions that foster the PDS.

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