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O caso do Pequeno Hans é um estudo fundamental na psicanálise, fornecendo uma aplicação prática das teorias de Freud e ilustrando a complexidade do desenvolvimento emocional infantil. A análise da fobia de Hans oferece uma visão detalhada de como os conceitos psicanalíticos podem ser utilizados para entender e tratar questões emocionais. Embora o estudo tenha sido influente e tenha contribuído significativamente para a psicanálise, também gerou críticas que destacam a necessidade de uma análise mais crítica e a consideração de abordagens alternativas no campo da psicologia infantil. O caso de Hans continua a ser um importante ponto de referência e debate na história da psicanálise e na compreensão do desenvolvimento psíquico. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar se o processo terapêutico descrito por Freud no caso do Pequeno Hans seria possível atualmente, optando-se pela metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, amparada em uma revisão bibliográfica. Considerando que mesmo quem não deseje se apropriar dos contextos freudianos, autores como Bernard Charlot e Mariana Kupfer destacam a relevância da individualidade e da subjetividade do sujeito que apesar de singular, está submetido a uma realidade plural, consequentemente seu comportamento e sua perspectivas psíquicas tem diversos atravessamentos. Desta forma, questiona-se: atualmente o Pequeno Hans seria escutado ou medicalizado?

Goal: evaluate the effectiveness of using no-touch technology through aerosolization of hydrogen peroxide and silver ions, known as HyperDryMist (HDM), in the internal hygiene of public transport buses in the city of So Paulo.Methodology: A total of 294 samples were collected on buses, divided into two categories.The buses were sanitized using a manual cleaning protocol and HDM technology.The samples were sent to the Mycology Center of the Adolfo Lutz Institute for analysis.Results: Collections on bus surfaces after manual cleaning with sodium hypochlorite solution showed growth of fourteen genera of microorganisms and, after applying the protocol with HDM, there was a reduction of 72% of bacterial genera and 100% of fungal genera, with 3mL /m 3 and 4mL/m 3 of product applied, respectively.Conclusions: disinfection carried out using HDM technology was more effective in eliminating CFU/m of bacteria and fungi at concentrations of 3ml/m and 4ml/m, respectively.These concentrations substantially reduced the spread of microorganisms and the possibility of contamination of employees and users of public transport.

Durante as décadas de 1920 a 1940, a Fundação Rockefeller (FR) teve papel central nos processos de institucionalização da enfermagem na América Latina e, em especial, na Colômbia. A Fundação desempenhou papel importante na formação de profissionais na enfermagem, sobretudo para as mulheres. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a atuação da FR no processo de institucionalização do campo da enfermagem colombiana por meio da Direção Nacional de Higiene, materializada no departamento de Enfermeiras Visitadoras. Assim, analisa-se a atuação de mulheres bolsistas da FR. Em específico, as trajetórias das bolsistas Jane Louise Cary White, Carolyn Tenney Ladd e Paulina Gomez-Vega. Além da literatura disponível, utiliza-se como fonte de pesquisa os fellowships cards das referidas bolsistas.

Abstract Background: Anterior access to the cervical spine is considered safe, with the most common complication being dysphagia. The objective of this study is to describe early complications of anterior cervical fusion using Zero-profile implants in a neurosurgery department and compare these with the literature. Methods: In a retrospective study, we analyzed data of patients diagnosed with cervical spondylodiscoarthrosis at a single center between January 2011 and January 2017 who underwent anterior cervical fusion using Zero-profile implants. The analyzed demographic data included age, sex, symptoms, number of operated levels, time of preoperative symptoms, type of symptom and length of hospital stay. Immediate postoperative complications were noted. Results: A total of 193 consecutively operated patients were included. Of the total, 106 patients were female (54.9%). The average age of the patients was 52.7 years. Average hospitalization was 3.20 days and the average number of levels was 1.68. Complications were noted in 57 patients (29.5%). Older patients had more complications (mean 55.5 years versus 51.5). The average length of stay was longer for patients with complications. The average number of operated levels was 1.84 in patients with complications and 1.61 in those who did not complicate. The most common complications were dysphagia (9.32%) and dysphonia (5.69%). We had 1 case of C5 monoparesis and 1 case of epidural hematoma, considered serious complications. Conclusions: Postoperative dysphagia and dysphonia were the most common complications in our series. Risk factors for complications were advanced age and number of operated levels.

Blood samples and swabs from ocular conjunctiva and mouth were obtained from 64 cats. Of 64 serum samples, 19 were positive for Leishmania antibodies by ELISA (29.80%). Eight cats were positive by PCR (12.5%) in swab samples from mouth and/or ocular mucosa. Poor kappa agreement between serological and molecular results (k = 0.16) was obtained. From five positive PCR samples one was L. braziliensis and four were L. infantum. Phylogenetic analysis performed with the five isolates of Leishmania, showed that samples of L. infantum isolated from the cats were phylogenetically close to those isolated from domestic dogs in Brazil, while the L. braziliensis is very similar to the one described in humans in Venezuela. The study demonstrated that, despite high seropositivity for Leishmania in cats living in the study region, poor agreement between serological and molecular results indicate that positive serology is not indicative of Leishmania infection in cats. Parasite DNA can be detected in ocular conjunctiva and oral swabs from cats, indicating that such samples could be used for diagnosis. Results of phylogenetic analyzes show that L. infantum circulating in Brazil is capable of infecting different hosts, demonstrating the parasite's ability to overcome the interspecies barrier.

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the association between the number of medications taken and nutritional markers in Brazilian elderly persons diagnosed with chronic diseases. Method: study based on data from the National Health Survey (PNS) 2013, for the population aged 60 years or older who reported at least one chronic disease (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, depression, lung disease and chronic renal failure) (7,770 elderly persons). The outcome was the number of medications used for the selected diseases (0, 1 to 2 and 3 or more), and the exploratory variables were food consumption markers and anthropometric indicators (body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio). The associations were evaluated by multinomial logistic regression, estimating the odds ratio and confidence intervals (95%) and considering potential confounding factors. Results: the use of a greater number of medications was positively associated with the consumption of fruits and vegetables, fish and milk, and negatively associated with the consumption of sweet foods, soft drinks and meat with excess fat; a greater consumption of medications was also associated with higher anthropometric indicator values. Conclusion: although a greater consumption of medications was associated with better dietary indicators, these elderly persons also had higher anthropometric indicator values, including a higher concentration of central adiposity.

In the coming decades, the United States will become host to the largest Spanish mother tongue (“Spanish native speakers”) community in the world. Spanish language instruction will consequently play a key role in the formation of a new US society based on plurilingualism. This form of linguistic integration must be based not only on an education system that surmounts the customary insularity of the English language, but also on the recognition and strengthening of the common cultural identity among Spanish-speaking countries. Finally, a final appendix deals with the problem of strategic positioning of language and of linguistic institutes in the world: the need for the latter to learn from their host societies, building a solid intercultural dialogue with them as well as the importance of maintaining full independence from the control of political authorities.

O bem-estar espiritual conecta-se ao significado da vida de maneira ampla, possibilitando o equilíbrio emocional, a qualidade de vida e o desenvolvimento de valores éticos e morais que podem interferir nas questões biológicas, psicológicas e sociais do indivíduo. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o bem-estar espiritual em doutorandos de uma universidade comunitária de Pelotas-RS a fim de verificar sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos e autoavaliação de saúde e vida. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, que examinará o bem-estar espiritual em doutorandos de Programas de Pós-Graduação. Os participantes responderam ao questionário com fatores sociodemográficos, autoavaliação da saúde e da vida e ao instrumento – versão longa da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual (EBE) – que são autoaplicáveis. Foram utilizados os testes t, ANOVA e correlação de Pearson para a análise. Os resultados apresentaram maiores escores de bem-estar espiritual e religioso em doutorandos que têm alguma religião, realizam práticas religiosas e tem frequência na atividade; observou-se correlação significativa do bem-estar religioso com a renda familiar. O estudo mostra a importância do bem-estar espiritual como fator de proteção em questões sociais, psicológicas e profissionais, principalmente em momentos tensos e de sobrecarga em que vivem os doutorandos.Palavras-chave: Espiritualidade, Religião, Educação Superior