Intercollege

The keeping and recording of a class attendance log manually is not very efficient for end semester examination hall tickets generation due to maintaining minimum attendance percentage for each subjects. Since offering proxies for absentees or skipping class has become amusing and a fantasy among students of the current age. Manually recording attendance in logbooks becomes challenging and vulnerable to manipulation. Therefore, the purpose of this project is to present the automatic attendance system. This system recognizes each student's face to automatically identify them in the classroom and record their attendance and also record wherever roaming inside the campus. By photographing students' faces in real time, this system was created. The reference faces in the dataset are compared to the detected faces, marking the attendees' attendance. At the end of the semester all the student’s attendances are calculated automatically and give notification to students, parents and class advisors for the status of attendance percentage. Based on the detailed results, hall tickets are automatically generate in the college exam cell. The final project is completed and reports were generated.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the correlation between chronological age (CA) and mandibular third molar (MTM) development in a sample of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population. Furthermore, to provide forensic reference data for age determination from MTM mineralisation. Finally, to derive regression formulae specific to this population to estimate age using MTM calcification stages. METHODOLOGY: Four hundred and seventy orthopantomographs (OPGs) of patients aged between 13-26 years from the Orthodontics department archive at the main tertiary dental hospital of KP were studied for development of MTM staging using Demirjian's method. Spearman's Correlation was applied to determine any relationship between CA and MTM development. An Independent two-sample t-test was performed to compare third-molar development in males and females. Population-specific models was developed using quantile regression analysis. RESULTS: A strong positive correlation was found between CA and MTM development (rs = 0.853; p- <0.001). The median quantile regression equation developed for entire sample is: Age = 8.8+ 1.4(developmental stage). Ninety-four percent of males and females at stage H were at least 18 years or older. CONCLUSION: Mandibular third-molars can be an appropriate guide for CA estimation in the KP population. Stage H is likely to occur at 18 years of age. This may be valuable for medicolegal suits requiring CA estimation. KEYWORDS: forensic odontology, forensic anthropology, panoramic radiographs, chronological age estimation, mandibular third-molar, Pakistan HOW TO CITE: Tariq Q, Tareen MA, Uddin I, Hussain U. Radiographic employment of mandibular third-molar mineralisation to estimate chronological age in a population of Peshawar, Pakistan. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):39-44.

Many people living in mountain regions in lowand middle-income countries are vulnerable to food and nutrition insecurity, which contributes to poor nutritional status. Food and nutrition security require stability of access to affordable, safe, diverse, and nutritious foods. In mountainous areas, affordability and access to diverse foods are challenged by climatic factors constraining agricultural production, poor infrastructure, and geographic isolation. This article describes a nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) project focusing on 5 countries—Ethiopia, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Pakistan, and Peru— where 132 microinterventions were implemented by rural service providers (RSPs) who received training and technical support from the project. These microinterventions serve as learning cases for advocacy work to promote the NSA approach at the local, national, and global levels. They are also documented on an Internet platform allowing RSPs and other stakeholders to share best practices and lessons learned at the national and global levels. Preliminary results indicate that this approach is highly effective in addressing nutrition and livelihood issues in remote mountain areas. To scale up the approach and boost its integration into policies at the local, national, and global levels, 2 aspects will be critical. First, more systemic and integrated NSA initiatives need to be implemented that functionally combine production- and consumption-related aspects to effectively change nutrition behavior and serve as learning cases for scaling up. Second, effective capacity development of RSPs and encouragement of interaction among them is key to empowering them as change agents.

This paper aims to provide an understanding on the decision making process that guide tourism trips based on the various strategies developed by the airlines. The primary research data was analysed using factor analysis as a pertinent statistical tool for grouping variables in order to understand common consumption behaviours. The results of the study are indicative and suggest that tourists are classified in accordance with 'customer service' that include ground and in-flight service. Then, the second factor is 'price sensitive and Internet', which refers to dimensions such as the airline ticket and the frequency of trips. Finally, 'selection in travel behaviour' is associated with the choice based on the operation of the airlines, for instance the airports.

Culinary education has experienced remarkable growth in Cyprus in the past decade. Numerous institutions are offering a variety of related programs with the aim of adequately preparing the next generation of culinary professionals. Despite this unprecedented growth, many argue that a short-term opportunistic business mentality prevails. Driven by the profession’s celebrity status, institutions offering culinary-related education risk downgrading the quality of their portfolio. Adopting a quantitative methodology, the study set out to investigate industry professionals’ and educators’ perceptions of the quality and overall satisfaction with the current culinary education offerings. The findings inform and provide practical recommendations for those striving to improve the nature, identity, scope, and value of culinary education.

PurposeThe paper aims to describe the effects of caffeine intake on exercise performance as well on diabetes, cirrhosis and asthma.Design/methodology/approachThe review includes the most updated studies found in Pub‐Med all of which are in relation to caffeine and exercise performance as well as its effects on disease issues.FindingsThe majority of studies show that caffeine ingestion of about 6 mg of body weight mass may have a positive effect on endurance and anaerobic exercise performance. In addition, if it is consumed together with carbohydrates, it may also improve post‐recovery glycogen synthesis. Intake of caffeine was also found to have a positive effect on the prevention of liver cirrhosis, reducing asthma attacks and lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes.Originality/valueThe paper gives information to nutritionists, clinical dietitians and sports nutritionists on the newest data about the effects of caffeine on exercise performance and disease issues.

This study investigates the application of classification methods for the prognosis of future disability on MRI-detectable brain white matter lesions in subjects diagnosed with clinical isolated syndrome (CIS) of multiple sclerosis (MS). In order to