Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute

Rapid urbanization and rising electricity costs are putting pressure on legacy water supply systems in Central Asian apartment buildings. Today, many dwellings rely on small flat-level booster pumps, which raise lifecycle costs, create noise, and increase the risk of uneven or interrupted service. This paper introduces a PV-direct DC surface multistage pumping architecture combined with rooftop storage tanks and N+1 duty-rotation for reliability. The approach eliminates inverters and batteries, reducing complexity while shifting pumping loads directly to solar power. A three-objective optimization problem is formulated— daily energy use, lifecycle cost, and PV area—subject to hydraulic constraints of ≥30 m head and ≥34 m<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>/day demand. The problem is solved using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). A case study of a four-storey, 48-apartment building in Jizzakh (43 occupied) demonstrates that the centralized PV-direct design can cut electricity use by over 95% and reduce annual costs from 11.6 million UZS to under 0.3 million UZS. At the same time, duty-rotation and automatic switchover improve service continuity. The study also provides pump datasets, sizing equations, and guidelines for controller and reservoir operation. The results suggest that PV-direct pumping is a practical option for engineers and policymakers in regions with high solar potential, offering a path toward reliable water supply and renewable energy integration.

In response to the growing interest in dual-use solar technologies for agriculture, semi-transparent photovoltaic (PV) panels have garnered considerable attention for their capacity to concurrently produce electricity and allow sunlight essential for plant growth to pass through. This study offers a comparative investigation of two varieties of semi-transparent photovoltaic panels utilizing typical monocrystalline silicon solar cells with strategically arranged designs. The first-type panel permits roughly 54% light transmittance, but the second-type panel offers about 68%, particularly within the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) spectrum of 400–700 nm. Employing a theoretical model of solar radiation transmission, solar energy flows were computed for five distinct tilt angles (25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, and 45°) within the geographic parameters of the Jomboy district, Uzbekistan (39.789°N, 67.50°E, 380 m elevation). The annual transmittance data were subsequently compared with the daily light integral (DLI) requirements of different vegetable and fruit crops to ascertain the optimal panel type and orientation for their demands. The findings indicate that the second-type panel (≈68% transmittance) is more appropriate for high-light-demand crops such as tomato, cucumber, eggplant, and bell pepper, while the first-type panel (≈54% transmittance) is better suited for low- to moderate-light crops such as lettuce, basil, and other leafy vegetables. These findings enhance the design of agrivoltaic greenhouses for improved light management and energy efficiency.

Abstract. Remote sensing serves as a fundamental tool for the creation and regular updating of cadastral maps. In the era of digital technologies, the integration of data obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), satellites, and multispectral sensors significantly enhances the precision and efficiency of cadastral activities. Remote sensing systems encompass advanced methods such as photogrammetry, geographic information systems (GIS), geoinformatics, and statistical modeling, contributing to comprehensive spatial data analysis. The implementation of a phased approach to digital mapping—at national (1:100,000), regional (1:10,000), and local (1:2,000) scales—forms the basis for the systematic maintenance of state cadastres. This study highlights the importance of remote sensing in acquiring high-resolution, reliable data for sustainable land management and effective cadastral planning.

The rapid advancement of digital services and online interactions has highlighted the need for secure, user-centric identity management systems. Traditional identity solutions, often centralized and dependent on trusted third parties, pose challenges related to privacy, security, and control over personal data. Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), particularly blockchain, offers a promising solution for decentralized identity management by enabling self-sovereign identities (SSI). Through the use of decentralized identifiers (DIDs) and verifiable credentials (VCs), DLT allows individuals to maintain full control over their personal information, eliminating the need for intermediaries while ensuring data integrity and privacy. This paper explores the key principles of DLT-based decentralized identity management, discussing its potential to enhance privacy, security, and interoperability in digital ecosystems. We examine the various technical frameworks, challenges, and standards in the field, with a focus on the integration of DLT with emerging technologies such as zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) and secure multiparty computation (SMPC). Additionally, we evaluate real-world use cases, from financial services to healthcare, and the role of regulatory frameworks in shaping the future of decentralized identity systems. Ultimately, DLT presents a paradigm shift in identity management, offering scalable, transparent, and trusted solutions for the digital age.

Due to the lack of equipment for measuring the hydraulic parameters of the water flow in the drainage pipes and the lack of possibility to conduct experiments in real conditions in the reservoir, there was a need to study the hydrodynamic processes in the drainage tract in laboratory conditions by simulating them. In order to simulate and experimentally study the hydrodynamic processes in the water discharge pipes of the Jizzakh Reservoir Dam, physical equipment was prepared on the basis of the Research Institute of Irrigation and Water Problems. In this article, the problem of the occurrence of various non-hydraulic processes, namely pulsation and vibration, in the pipes of the Jizzakh reservoir is considered. Based on the proposed mathematical models, the problem of reducing the pulsation by changing the pressures behind the conical valves installed in the water transfer pipes of the Jizzakh reservoir is also considered.

The presented article provides a comparative analysis of psychophysiological and health indicators of the aged, elderly and long- lived from different mountainous regions of Azerbaijan. Thus, Azerbaijan has historically been chosen as the land of centenarians and had the terrain in the center of attention. The influence of natural complex terrain on life expectancy is one of the most urgent problems in the scientific literature. The observational studies involved the aged (65-74 years old), the elderly (75-89 years old) and long-lived (90 years and older) from Kalbajar, Lachin and Zangilan districts, which are mountainous territories of Azerbaijan. The studies measured general anxiety, situational and individual anxiety, visual memory and attention, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate in 1 minute. In a comparative analysis of the results obtained, again, people living in mountainous areas maintain their health indicators due to strong adaptive processes that allow them to reach the age of longevity, the psychophysiological indicators of long-lived are within the normal range. Compared with the aged and the elderly, low and average levels of anxiety were revealed, visual memory and attention were higher than normal and higher health indicators. A comparative analysis of the results obtained showed that the physiological processes of the inhabitants of high-altitude areas were within the normal range. Kalbajar and Lachin districts are the most mountainous regions, while the Zangilan district is the middle and lower mountainous area. A comparison of the results obtained generally showed that the psychophysiological and health indicators of elderly in Zangilan district differ more sharply from the norm and increase the incidence of neuropsychiatric and somatic diseases.

In th rtil, th rsults f sintifi rsrh rltd t th ssssmnt f th impt f strngth nd dfrmtin prprtis f slin sils n th fundtin f struturs, th vlutin f mrgny situtins f buildings nd struturs tht ur during th us f slin sils in th wrld nd in ur untry, mrgny situtins tking int unt th hng in th lvl f slinity du t th lng-trm influn f wtr mnitring, infrmtin n rrying ut nginring-glgil nd hydrglgil rsrh wrks fr th sf nd ffiint prtin f buildings nd struturs in rs whr slin sils r sttrd in ur untry.In the construction of buildings and structures in the countries of the world where saline soils are distributed, during the period of their use as a basis, the issues of forecasting and reducing the consequences of emergencies that may occur due to changes in engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions are of great importance.The studies assessing emergencies expected during saline soils serve the socio-economic, sustainable development of countries with areas where such soils are distributed.Certain progress is being made in carrying out engineering-geological and hydrogeological research works for the safe and efficient operation of buildings and structures in areas where saline soils are scattered in our country.In particular, in the regions of Bukhara, Jizzakh, Syrdarya, Khorezm, Fergana and the Republic of Karakalpakstan, saline soils have been thoroughly studied and evaluated based on the determination of engineering-geological and hydrogeological factors.