Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Animal Husbandry

The aim of the study is to select the optimal gel carrier for the active ingredients in the pharmaceutical development of a new potential wound-healing drug with a combined composition, Maclozol, through a comparative assessment of the biopharmaceutical, physicochemical and rheological characteristics of commonly used hydrophilic polymer bases: sodium alginate, Poloxamer 407 (Collifora® P407), carboxymethylcellulose E466 (CMC E466), polyethylene glycol and a mixture of polyethylene oxides PEO-400 and PEO-1500 (7:3). The object of the study is the potential wound-healing drug Maclozol, which is a combination of substances of synthetic (metronidazole at a concentration of 0.5 %) and plant origin (sanguiritrin, aloe arborescens extract) with multifunctional properties for the treatment of animal wounds. Gel samples were prepared according to traditional guidelines for the preparation of soft dosage forms, taking into account the properties of the constituent components. The selected active and excipient components were mixed until homogeneous. Biopharmaceutical assessment of the release of the active ingredient in the combination – metronidazole – from the dosage form (pharmaceutical availability) was conducted using equilibrium dialysis through a semipermeable membrane, followed by quantitative determination in dialysate samples. Water retention capacity was determined gravimetrically after controlled heating of the samples. Adhesion properties were studied by measuring the peel force using an equal-arm balance. The best rheological properties were determined based on the effective viscosity values of the compared gels using a rotational viscometer. Comparative analysis revealed that Poloxamer P407 demonstrated the optimal combination of characteristics among the tested bases, ensuring high pharmaceutical availability of the leading active ingredient, the necessary water-retention and adhesive properties, and the rheological parameters critical for the wound-healing gel Maclozol being developed.

In seed production, reduced seeding rates are often used for accelerated propagation of varieties, since the number of seeds may be limited. To assess the effectiveness of such a technique, the seed multiplication coefficient is calculated (the ratio of the mass of collected seeds to the mass of sown seeds). In our experiment, this indicator was higher (34.6) with a reduced seeding rate of barley - 3.5 million grain crops per ha.

Abstract The main goal of the research is to establish the effect of the Bonaka-APK microbiological complex, which is a metabiotic for the management of fish autoflora and the comprehensive prevention of bacterial infections for fingerling sturgeon (sterbel). To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to establish the effect of Bonac-APK on fingerling sturgeon; establish the economic efficiency of its use for aquaculture. The study of the effect of the additive for growing aquaculture for yearling sturgeon fish (sterbel) was carried out with a fish weight of 130 g. The study showed that in an experiment on Sterbel the weight of fish at the end of rearing increased in experimental groups by 3.5-15.6%. The body length of fish in experimental groups increased by 1.1-2.2%. The survival rate of fish in all groups was 100%. Biochemical blood parameters of fish were within normal limits in both the control and experimental groups, which indicates that the probiotic feed additive Bonaka-APK does not have a harmful effect on the fish body. The level of lipid peroxidation increased, which indicates an increase in the antioxidant defense of the Sterbel body. The decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of weight gain compared to the control was 8.0-12.0% in experimental groups. It is recommended to use the microbiological complex Bonaka-APK in an amount of 0.4% by weight of the feed, which is a metabiotic for managing fish autoflora and complex prevention of bacterial infections for sturgeon fingerlings of the BONAKA Company.

Research was conducted to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of growing young goats in the first three months of life by using cheaper whole milk replacers (WMR) and sprouted cereals with increased biological value in the diet. The work was carried out on kids of the Saanen dairy breed, during the suckling period, in the first three months of life in the peasant farm of M.V. Myakotin and in the private farm of V.N. Kosenko. For germination, we used grain of the Bezostaya-1 wheat variety and the Moskovsky 21 barley variety. The seed germination was 98%. The kids of the two groups received the same amount of roughage (hay) and succulent feed from birth to three months of age. The first group received 64 kg of whole goat milk for the entire period and 14.3 kg of compound feed. The second group received 13.74 kg of dry whole milk replacer, 7.15 kg of compound feed, and 28.6 kg of wheat and barley sprouts. When the goats of the first group were raised on milk and the second group on milk replacer and sprouts up to three months of age, the live weight at three months of age was 11.40±0.06 kg, and the second group - 12.06±0.10 kg, i.e. significantly more by 0.56 kg or 4.9% (P<0.001). The cost of feed required to raise one goat raised on milk is 10,014.9 rubles, and for those raised on milk replacer with the addition of grain sprouts - 3,228.2 rubles, which is 3.1 times cheaper.

The paper presents the results of candidate genes search for live weight is southern meat sheep breed. The sample of 48 ewes weighed in the age of 24 months and elder was genotyped on Ovine SNP 50 Genotyping BeadChip array. Using a fixation in dices method (Fst), wedetected 55 polymorphisms associated with live weight. 10 SNP swith the highest Fst value were selected to check the effect on the trait under investigation. All the candidate genes showed the association witht helive weight trait. It’s interesting to not ethatin the NDFIP1 gene there were detected two significant SNPs with a high Fst value.

Bentonite clays, especially those with a high content of montmorillonite, are widely used in the oil refining, winemaking, agricultural, and cosmetic industries. Such a wide and multidirectional use is primarily due to their unique physicochemical properties. The presence of these properties in bentonites arouses interest in them in pharmacy as excipients (emulsifiers, stabilizers, structure formers, etc.) as part of various dosage forms. However, despite the direct mention in the current State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation of the possibility of using bentonites as excipients, a substance officially permitted for these purposes in Russia is not registered and is not produced. In this regard, the urgent task was to conduct a preliminary pharmaceutical assessment of bentonite from a domestic field for the potential possibility of using it in veterinary pharmacy. The study was carried out on a modified sodium form of bentonite, processed to a homogeneous fine powder in comparison with the original alkaline earth form. The assessment was carried out according to indicators for pharmacopoeia analysis: description, authenticity, pH of an aqueous suspension, weight loss on drying, the content of arsenic, iron, calcium, carbonate chlorides, the presence of coarse particles, microbiological purity, swelling, gelling, emulsifying ability and stability emulsions. The evaluation of the emulsifying ability, emulsion stabilization, gelling properties and a number of pharmacopoeia indicators of good quality demonstrated the potential possibility of using domestically deposited bentonite in veterinary pharmacy (using the example of the Kantemirovskoye deposit in the Voronezh region) as excipients in the composition of dosage forms for veterinary use, in particular, heterogeneous ointments. In this regard, the sodium modification of bentonite seems to be more promising for further in-depth study.

On the dark grey forest soils of the taiga zone of the Yenisei Siberia, the structure of the weed component of agrophytocenoses of perennial grasses is dominated by perennial segetal and segetal-ruderal weed species, the proportion of which is 60-70%. Using Magnum herbicides in timothy grass Kazachinskaya 2 and Lontrel-300 in the crops of meadow fescue grass Kazachinskaya 182 allowed for reducing the contamination of fields with perennial weeds from medium to weak. Herbicides reduce 94% the weight of weeds from 1 ha while increasing the biomass of timothy grass by 30%. Against the background of fertilizers, the weight of weeds decreased by 85.3%, and the importance of timothy grass increased by 118%. Mineral fertilizers increase the yield of timothy seeds for three years of use from 3.64 c / ha to 5.31-8.62 c / ha and oatmeal seeds - from 3.22 c/ ha to 4.97-6.91 c /ha. The complete collection of grass seeds was obtained on variants N60P60K60 with the leading share of the influence of nitrogen fertilizers, the introduction of which increased the yield of timothy seeds by 125% and fescue by 87%. The introduction of potash fertilizers caused an increase in the output of timothy grass of the 2 and 3 g. p. by 160 and 190%, respectively, and fescue of the 2 g. p. by 160%. The sowing qualities of seeds characterized by germination energy, germination and weight of 1000 seeds of timothy increased under the influence of phosphorus and potash fertilizers.

The article presents the results of studies of the comparative assessment of the bone tissue integrative parameters of the lower limbs of broiler chickens of the Arbor Acres cross when using in their diet the drug siliostin and feed additives for correcting mineral metabolism – acidic calcium and bentonite clays of the Kantemirovskoye deposit of the Voronezh region. Based on the measurements of the width of the sum of the cortical zone of the diaphysis of the X-ray images of the bones, the assessment of its average brightness, as well as the assessment of the average brightness of the middle part of the bone, it was found that in hens and cocks of meat poultry during the period of intensive growth and development, the use of various feed mineral additives leads to unequal changes in the structure and degree of mineralization of the femur and tibia bones of the extremities. Moreover, the most stable positive picture of changes was noted in chickens treated with siliostin + acidic calcium. The absence of a stable picture from other radiological parameters should be considered as a part of complex biochemical processes in the body that accompany the growth and development of young poultry.

A laboratory experiment was carried out to study the effect of a new complex energized fertilizer (GVG) based on natural raw materials - alkaline salts of naphthenic acids on germination and germination energy, seeds of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) of Tanya variety, oats (Avena sativa L.) of Valdin765 variety and legume mung bean (Vigna radiata) of Tajiksky 1 variety. On the seventh day of germination of winter wheat in the experimental variant, the length of the seedlings exceeded the control variant by 28.0%. In oats, the length of sprouts in the experimental variant is 23.6% longer than in the control variant. In the experimental group, mung bean sprouts were 13.4% longer than the control. Due to the fact that the new energized fertilizers (GVG) include a large number of microelements necessary for the full development of plants (Na, Cu, Mg, Ca, Zn, Al, Si, Ti, Pb, Sn, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni), seeds of these crops treated with GVG solution showed better results compared to the control. This study allows us to assert that it is advisable to use the new energized fertilizer in production in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds of various crops in order to increase their yield.