Lentis

Parents from different cultures may employ different parenting behaviors to support children's development. It remains unclear whether the associations of parental warmth and control with self-control abilities vary across cultures. Moreover, little is known about how these associations may differ for father' parenting behaviors. We investigated the associations of paternal warmth and control with children's self-control problems using data from the Netherlands and South Korea. Data came from two prospective studies: the Dutch Generation R Study (n = 2,136) and the Panel Study on Korean Children (n = 1,468). Results showed paternal warmth was protective against child self-control problems in both countries. Paternal control was associated with more self-control problems in Dutch but not in Korean children, though this association in Dutch children was not significant after including all covariates. The findings emphasize the universal significance of paternal parenting in fostering children's self-control and stress to support fathers' involvement in child development.

Autistic adults experience more daily stress compared to non-autistic adults. However, stress recognition is often delayed, potentially leading to chronic stress and significant (mental) health risks. We evaluated the effectiveness of Stress Autism Mate (SAM), a stress-monitoring mobile health application co-created with autistic individuals. We ran a two-arm, parallel, superiority randomized controlled trial. Autistic adults (n = 214) (mean age: 50.5 years; 66.4% female) were randomized to 1-month SAM usage or waitlist control. Participants self-reported on primary (Perceived Stress Scale; Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale), and secondary outcomes (Coping Self-Efficacy Scale) at baseline and 4 weeks later, after which the control group could start using the app. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the intervention group had significantly lower perceived stress (d = 0.27), greater mental well-being (d = 0.35), and improved coping self-efficacy (d = 0.16) compared to the control group after 1 month. No intervention effect moderators could be identified. More frequent app usage was significantly associated with a stronger decrease in perceived stress (r = −0.293). However, 42.9% of app users indicated increased stress from app use, warranting further investigation. Our results suggest that SAM may be effective in reducing perceived stress and improving mental well-being for some autistic individuals. Further refinement and investigation are recommended.Lay abstractAutistic adults often experience more daily stress than non-autistic individuals, but they may not always recognize this stress timely, which can lead to long-term health problems. To help address this, we tested an app called Stress Autism Mate (SAM), which was designed together with autistic individuals to help autistic adults monitor and manage their stress. In our study, 214 autistic adults (average age: 50.5 years; 66.4% female) were randomly assigned to either use the app for 1 month or wait before using it. We asked participants to complete surveys before and after the 1-month period to measure changes in their stress levels, mental well-being, and confidence in coping. Results showed that participants who used the app reported lower stress, improved mental well-being, and better coping skills compared to those who did not use the app. We also found that the more often someone used the app, the more their stress levels decreased. However, 42.9% of users felt more stressed using the app, which needs further study. Overall, our findings suggest that SAM can help reduce stress and improve well-being for some autistic adults, but more work is needed to improve the app and better understand its effects.Trial registry ISRCTN Registry: ISRCTN17394910.

IntroductionDue to the potentially severe side effects of antipsychotics, overtreatment is an important concern. Previous research focussed on antipsychotic polypharmacy and excessively high doses.ObjectivesIn this study, the aim is to map trends in potential overtreatment, antipsychotic polypharmacy, total antipsychotic dose and the subjective side effect burden. Moreover, the association of the total antipsychotic dose and antipsychotic polypharmacy with the subjective side effect burden will be investigated.MethodsData from a large (n>5000) naturalistic longitudinal cohort was used (PHAMOUS, 2013-2021). Potential overtreatment was defined as a total antipsychotic dose equivalent to >5mg risperidone, in combination with a high subjective side effect burden. Mixed effect models were used to investigate trends in potential overtreatment, antipsychotic polypharmacy, total antipsychotic dose and the subjective side effect burden. A mixed effect model was used to assess the association of total antipsychotic dose and antipsychotic polypharmacy with total subjective side effect burden.ResultsOverall, 15,717 observations nested in 5,107 patients were used. About one-third of patients were potentially overtreated, with no change over time. The prevalence of a dose above the equivalent of 5 mg risperidone decreased over time, while antipsychotic polypharmacy prevalence increased. The total subjective side effect burden slightly decreased. A higher dose and antipsychotic polypharmacy was associated with a higher subjective side effect burden.ConclusionsThe subjective side effect burden did decrease the last decade. This might be caused by lower doses and more adequate use of polypharmacy. Still, the overtreatment rate is about one-third and the subjective side effect burden is still high. To reduce the subjective side effect burden and overtreatment, addressing inappropriate antipsychotic polypharmacy remains prudent.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

IntroductionDespite considerable efforts, tobacco use disorder persists as a significant public health issue. The effectiveness of current smoking cessation therapies is limited, leading to a growing interest in alternative treatment approaches such as psychedelics.AimThe aim of this review is to evaluate the scientific evidence regarding the role of psychedelics in smoking cessation.MethodsTo identify relevant literature on psychedelics and smoking cessation, a search was conducted in four academic literature databases PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase. Databases were searched from their inception up to March 24, 2024.ResultsOut of the 1073 articles identified in databases, 8 publications (both clinical and non-clinical studies) met the inclusion criteria, of which a total of 4 publications originated from a single study. The majority of the studies focused on psilocybin (n = 7), for which supportive evidence was suggested for the treatment of tobacco use disorder. Additionally, research was conducted with other psychedelics for smoking cessation, such as ayahuasca, mescaline, peyote, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), lysergic acid amide (LSA) and (dimethyltryptamine (DMT), but the evidence base for these psychedelics is too small to draw definitive conclusions.ConclusionsThere is, although limited, evidence that psychedelics, in particular psilocybin, may offer a potential avenue for combating tobacco use disorder, though more research is needed to understand their effectiveness and safety fully.

We carried out our tests in 7 different areas in Keszthely, Gyenesdiás and Fenékpuszta in the spring and autumn of 2021. The ticks were collected using the dragging method and then stored in 70% ethyl alcohol for further examination. Dermacentor reticulatus (20) and Ixodes ricinus (16) were found in the largest number during each one collection. Among the examined tick species, in the case of D. reticulatus and I. ricinus, it can be said that the proportion of host-seeking males was higher in autumn, while in the spring period there were more host-seeking females in the collected sample. The combined presence of I. ricinus adults and nymphs in April indicates that they overwintered in these stages

BackgroundBased on clinical experience, a (hypothetical) four-type model of suicidality that differentiates between subtypes with a unique pathway to entrapment ((h)4ME)was developed. The subtypes are: 1) perceptual disintegration (PD), 2) primary depressive cognition (PDC), 3) psychosocial turmoil (PT) and 4) inadequate communication/coping (IC). This study was carried out to examine the usability and feasibility of the subtypes in an absolute and dimensional way with the SUICIDI-2 instrument.ObjectiveA first step was to examine the model and the SUICIDI-2 instrument for usability and feasibility in clinical practice. We aim to investigate the’real life’ practical application of the model and hope the feedback we get after practical use of the model will help us with improvements for the model and the SUICIDI-2 instrument.MethodsDischarge letters to general practitioners of 25 cases of anonymized suicidal emergency patients were independently reviewed by three psychiatrists and three nurses. Using the SUICIDI-2 instrument, describing the proposed subtypes, cases were classified by the psychiatrists and nurses. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) for absolute/discrete and dimensional ratings were calculated to examine the model’s usability and the instrument‘s feasibility. The study was approved by the ethical board.ResultsAll raters were able to recognize and classify the cases in subtypes. We found an average measure of good reliability for absolute/(discrete) subtypes. For dimensional scores, we found excellent average measures for the subtype PDC, and good average measures for the subtypes PD, PT and IC. The reliability of dimensional score for the SUICIDI-2 was relatively lower than an alternative dimensional rating, but had good ICC values for all subtypes. After reviewing the results though, we found some inconsistently assessment between raters. This was ground to narrow down the criteria per subtype to describe the subtypes more precisely. This resulted in adjusted formulations for subtypes PD and IC and agreement was achieved about formulations in the revised SUICIDI-3.ConclusionsThe hypothetical model of entrapment leading to suicidality shows promising results for both the usability and feasibility of the SUICIDI instrument. Follow up studies with participants with a more diverse background may show consistency and validity for the model.

The importance of providing mental health from a transcultural perspective in establishing a therapeutic alliance is recognized. However, it is currently unknown how many mental health practitioners in the Netherlands feel capable of providing mental healthcare from a transcultural perspective, or if they are familiar with the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI). The CFI is a tool used in mental health care to gather culturally relevant patient information, enhancing cultural sensitivity in treatment. It is also unknown if there is a difference between psychiatrist and psychiatry residents in terms of their cultural competence. This study aimed to assess the self-appraised cultural competence of Dutch psychiatrist and psychiatry residents, including their knowledge of the CFI, and the need for further training. A cross-sectional study was conducted among psychiatrists and psychiatry residents by means of an online questionnaire. Ninety-seven mental health practitioners completed the questionnaire. Of the psychiatrists 70% and of the residents 76% reported that treating patients from cultural backgrounds different from their own background is challenging. Only 44% of psychiatrists and 34% of residents considered themselves sufficiently culturally competent, and 56% and 47% respectively, were uninformed about the CFI. The majority of psychiatrists and residents (70 vs 84%) indicated a need for more training in cultural competence. The majority of psychiatrists and residents in The Netherlands considered treating patients from different cultural backgrounds a challenge, reported feeling insufficiently culturally competent, lacked experience with the cultural formulation interview and reported a need for more training in cultural competence.