Lofarma (Italy)

Objetivo: apresentar um caso clinico de uma paciente de 68 anos, fototipo II, tabagista, com rugas profundas e flacidez moderada, tratada com duas sessões de peeling médio com ácido tricloroacético (ATA) associado ao óleo de cróton e selado com o Selador RF. O protocolo resultou em melhora significativa da textura, retração cutânea e suavização de sulcos profundos, com segurança e sem intercorrências. Conclui-se que o protocolo empregado representa um avanço relevante no rejuvenescimento facial.

Skin microbiota plays an essential role in the development and function of the cutaneous immune system, in the maintenance of the skin barrier through the release of antimicrobial peptides, and in the metabolism of some natural products. With the aim of characterizing changes in the cutaneous microbiota specifically associated with wound healing in the diabetic condition, we performed a 16 S rRNA gene Next Generation Sequencing of skin swabs taken within the ulcer bed of ten diabetic patients before (t0) and after 20 days of therapy (t20) with a fluorescein-based galenic treatment. Considering the twenty most representative genera, we found at t20 an increase of Corynebacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Streptococcus, and a decrease of Enterococcus, Finegoldia, and Peptoniphilus genera. However, differences were not significant due to the high variability among samples and the small patient cohort. S. aureus was the most abundant species at t0 and was reduced by therapy in four patients. Comparing the microbiome in the ulcer bed and in the perilesional tissue of the same patient at t0, no major differences were observed. Taken together, our data indicate that in the absence of antibiotic-based therapy the healing process of diabetic ulcers is accompanied by changes in the microbiome composition.

ER, JS and CA have nothing to disclose. RM reports personal fees from ALK, grants from ASIT biotech, personal fees from allergopharma, personal fees from Allergy Therapeutics, grants and personal fees from Bencard, grants from Leti, grants, personal fees and nonfinancial support from Lofarma, nonfinancial support from Roxall, grants and personal fees from Stallergenes, grants from Optima, personal fees from Friulchem, personal fees from Hexal, personal fees from Servier, personal fees from Klosterfrau, nonfinancial support from Atmos, personal fees from Bayer, nonfinancial support from Bionorica, personal fees from FAES, personal fees from GSK, personal fees from MSD, personal fees from Johnson&Johnson, personal fees from Meda, personal fees and nonfinancial support from Novartis, nonfinancial support from Otonomy, personal fees from Stada, personal fees from UCB, nonfinancial support from Ferrero, grants from BitopAG, grants from Hulka, personal fees from Nuvo and grants from Ursapharm, outside the submitted work. SA reports grants and personal fees from Lofarma, personal fees from Servier, personal fees from Hexal and personal fees from Friulchem, outside the submitted work. EC is an employee of Lofarma SpA Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Seed storage proteins are extremely stable allergens in nuts, seeds, and legumes and are responsible for the most severe allergic reactions to these foods. The cross-reactivity between seed storage proteins from different sources has not been studied at a molecular level so far. This study aimed to ascertain the cross-reactivity between walnut and hazelnut seed storage proteins using recombinant allergens. Sera from 13 consecutive patients with severe primary walnut and/or hazelnut allergy and hypersensitive to both nuts were studied. IgE specific for rCor a 9, rCor a 14, and rJug r 1 was measured, and inhibition experiments were carried out by measuring IgE reactivity after absorption of patients’ sera with freshly prepared walnut extract. All 13 sera showed strong IgE reactivity against walnut 2S albumin, Jug r 1, 12 reacted to hazelnut 2S albumin, Cor a 14, and 8 to the hazelnut legumin, Cor a 9. In inhibition experiments, absorption of sera with whole walnut extract led to the complete disappearance of IgE reactivity to Jug r 1 in 12/13 cases, as expected, but also to the complete disappearance of specific IgE to Cor a 14 in 9/12 sera, and of IgE reactivity to Cor a 9 in 7/8. In the remaining cases a dramatic drop in IgE reactivity was observed. The study shows that patients primarily allergic to either walnut or hazelnut showing a skin or serological reactivity to the other nut also are potentially at risk of severe allergic reactions caused by cross-reactivity between 2S albumins and legumins.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Egg allergy is the second most frequent food allergy in children of the Western Countries, with an overall prevalence of 1–3%. Today strict avoidance diet is the only treatment, but its feasibility is difficult to obtain in childhood because of the large amount of egg proteins present in different foods. From 1998, a growing number of protocols on immunotherapy for egg allergy have been published, but all of them differ for patients’ age, inclusion of high-risk patients, amount of allergen administered, duration of the protocols and presence of a control group. We reviewed the protocols performed in the last 15 years, to underline the most important issues in this kind of food immunotherapy, and the rates of tolerance or desensitization induction.

Lactobacilli are able to induce upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules in DCs with Th1 cytokines production and increase in Treg activity. This could explain the observed effectiveness of the prolonged administration of lactobacilli in the prevention of allergic disorders in infants and envisage the possible use of bacteria expressing the allergen for the specific immunotherapy of allergic diseases. Hence, we evaluated Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) expressing rBet v 1 as allergen delivery tool and adjuvant factor for immunotherapy in Betv1-sensitized mice. rBet v 1 gene was introduced and expressed in ST (ST[rBet v 1]). BALB/c mice were sensitized with rBet v 1 and then treated with either ST alone, ST[rBet v 1], or the combination of ST and rBet v 1, for 20 days. After 2 aerosol challenges, Treg frequency, in vitro allergen-induced cytokines, rBet v 1-specific IgE and IgG2a, and bronchial histology were made in harvested spleen, sera, and lung. Results were compared with those obtained from not-treated/sensitized mice. ST[rBet v 1] induced immunological and histological changes typical of successful SIT: increased frequency of Tregs and expression of Foxp3; decreased allergen-specific IgE/IgG2a ratio; decrease of in vitro rBet v 1-induced IL-4 from spleen cells; increased allergen-induced IL-10 and IFN-γ; drop of bronchial eosinophilia. ST and ST+rBet v 1 combination, even though induced a slight increase in the frequency of Tregs and moderate allergen-induced IL-10, were ineffective in reducing bronchial eosinophilia, allergen induced IL-4 and rBet v 1-specific IgE/IgG2a ratio. ST[rBet v 1] has tolerogenic and Th-1 skewing properties and efficiently delivers the allergen to the gut immune-system restraining and readdressing the established specific Th2 response toward the allergen in mice.

Background: Due to unclear reasons, allergy to lipid transfer protein (LTP) is frequent in Mediterranean countries but rare in Northern Europe. Objective: We report a paradigmatic case of primarily airborne sensitization to LTP that might explain the geographical distribution of this type of food allergy. Methods: A 21-year-old woman began having severe perennial rhinitis 6 months after she started working in a wholesale fruit storehouse in Southern Italy where large amounts of fruits, including peaches, were handled; symptoms subsided when she left the workplace for >5 days and relapsed as soon as she was back at work. Later on, she developed severe food allergies to peach, hazelnut, peanut, apricot, plum and tomato. The patient underwent a nasal challenge with peach peel extract, and IgE reactivity was assessed by immunoblot analysis. Results: In vivo and in vitro analyses showed sensitivity to LTP. The nasal challenge with peach peel extract (6 µg protein) induced acute, severe respiratory symptoms. On immunoblot with peach peel extract patient’s serum reacted uniquely against LTP, as demonstrated by inhibition assays with the recombinant peach protein. Conclusion: LTP may induce sensitization via the respiratory tract due to inhalation of air-dispersed food particles, and this may precede the onset of food allergy. If this way of sensitization were effective in the majority of LTP allergic patients (e.g. by exposure to peaches showing intact fuzz in areas where peaches are grown and directly sold on the market) our findings could explain the strange geographical distribution of this type of food allergy.